Краківсько-Львівські наукові портрети професорів фізики ХІХ – першої половини ХХ ст. та їхні книжкові зібрання

W XIX i XX wieku do biblioteki Gabinetu Fizycznego, a później Zakładu Fizyki Doświadczalnej UJ, trafiły księgozbiory profesorów fizyki doświadczalnej, którzy swoją działalność naukową prowadzili zarówno we Lwowie, jak i w Krakowie. Są to książki naukowe zgromadzone przez czterech uczonych: Stefana Kuczyńskiego, Augusta Witkowskiego, Mariana Smoluchowskiego i Konstantego Zakrzewskiego – wybitnych fizyków, niezwykłych biory stały się przedmiotem badań proweniencyjnych prowadzonych na potrzeby niniejszego wystąpienia. Podczas komputerowego opracowywania książek w Bibliotece Wydziału Fizyki, Astronomii i Informatyki UJ zwrócono uwagę na olbrzymią wartość historyczną tych kolekcji. Obecnie możemy dołączyć jeszcze jeden wniosek: kolekcje profesorskie są odzwierciedleniem krakowsko-lwowskich życiorysów uczonych, pokazują ich indywidualne osiągnięcia naukowe i wskazują na związki uczonych ze środowiskami naukowym zarówno Krakowa, jak i Lwowa.In the 19th and the 20th century, the library of the Physics Cabinet, later library of the Institute of Empire Physics, received book collections of experimental physics professors, who were leading their researches both in Krakow and Lviv. There are scientific books collected by four researchers: Stefan Kuczyński, August Witkowski, Marian Soluchowski and Konstanty Zakrzewski – talented physicists, extraordinary researchers. It is no wonder that these collections turned out to be the object of principle of provenance our paper. During computerization of books in the Library of the Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science at the Jagiellonian University special attention was drawn to the enormous historic value of these collections. Nowadays we can add one more conclusion: professors' collections are describing works and biographies of researchers from Krakow and Lviv, indicate their personal achievements and relationships with scientific environments of both cities. Keywords: Library of Physics Jagiellonian University, StefanУпродовж ХІХ і ХХ ст. до бібліотеки кабінету фізики, пізніше – кафедри експериментальної фізики Яґеллонського університету надходили книжкові колекції діячів науки, які проводили свою дослідницьку діяльність у Львові та Кракові. Це зібрання наукової літератури чотирьох учених: Стефана Кучинського, Августа Вітковського, Мар’яна Смолуховського і Костянтина Закжевського – відомих фізиків і цікавих особистостей. Під час комп’ютерного опрацювання і дигіталізації увагу привернула велика цінність цих видань. При підготовці доповіді проведено дослідження провенієнцій. Колекції професорів віддзеркалюють краківсько-львівські сторінки біографій учених, показують їхні індивідуальні досягнення і особливості зв’язків і взаємин у науковому середовищі двох міст

Preparation and characterization of nitinol bone staples for cranio-maxillofacial surgery

The aim of this work was to form NiTi and TiNiCo body temperature activated and superelastic staples for clinical joining of mandible and face bone fractures. The alloys were obtained by VIM technique. Hot and cold processing was applied to obtain wires of required diameters. The martensitic transformation was studied by DSC, XRD, and TEM. The shape memory effects were measured by a bend and free recovery ASTM F2082-06 test. The superelasticity was recorded in the tension stress-strain and by the three-point bending cycles in an instrument equipped with a Hottinger force transducer and LVDT. Excellent superelastic behavior of TiNiCo wires was obtained after cold working and annealing at 400-500 C. The body temperature activated shape memory staples were applied for fixation of mandibular condyle fractures. In experiments on the skull models, fixation of the facial fractures by using shape memory and superelastic staples were compared. The superelastic staples were used in osteosynthesis of zygomatico-maxillo-orbital fractures

Zespół metaboliczny - aktualny stan wiedzy o przyczynach i patomechanizmach

Nadwaga i otyłość stały się w XXI wieku „plagą cywilizacyjną”, mającą istotny wpływ na rozwój wielu przewlekłych chorób. W ostatnich latach wiele uwagi poświęca się udziałowi tkanki tłuszczowej jako źródła substancji aktywnych biologicznie, nazywanych adipokinami. W świetle tych badań, adipocyt okazał się bardzo aktywnym graczem w patogenezie zespołu metabolicznego (ZM). Zespół metaboliczny jest także związany z insulinoopornością (IR, insulin resistance), niezależnie od występowania otyłości. W artykule przedstawiamy poglądy na patomechanizm ZM, rozważając obydwa typy ZM: z otyłością i bez otyłości, ale z insulinoopornością. Badania przeprowadzone w ciągu ostatnich lat spowodowały powstanie nowej koncepcji etiologii ZM, która łączy otyłość i insulinoporność, znajdując wspólny mianownik, czyli stan zapalny

Zespół metaboliczny - rys historyczny i współczesność

Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia definiuje zespół metaboliczny (ZM) jako współwystępowanie czynników ryzyka pochodzenia metabolicznego, sprzyjających rozwojowi chorób sercowo-naczyniowych o podłożu miażdżycowym oraz cukrzycy typu 2. Do składowych ZM zaliczono: otyłość brzuszną, dyslipidemię, podwyższone ciśnienie krwi, insulinooporność z lub bez upośledzonej tolerancji glukozy, stan prozapalny oraz stan prozakrzepowy. Choroby układu krążenia i cukrzyca typu 2 stanowią główną przyczynę przedwczesnych zgonów w populacji europejskiej i amerykańskiej. Występowanie ZM zwiększa dwukrotnie ryzyko pojawienia się chorób układu krążenia i pięć razy ryzyko rozwoju cukrzycy typu 2. W związku z powyższym, celem wykrywania ZM jest obniżenie ryzyka wystąpienie chorób układu krążenia i cukrzycy typu 2 oraz objęcie osób z wysokim ryzykiem programem prewencji. Problem właściwej diagnostyki ZM jest jednak złożony, kryteria jego rozpoznania zmieniały się w ciągu ostatnich 10 lat w sposób dość istotny. Dlatego wydaje się ciekawe prześledzenie rozwoju diagnostyki ZM i przedyskutowanie roli poszczególnych jego składowych w tym procesie

Evaluation of the Safety of Neauvia Stimulate Injectable Product in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Based on Histopathological Examinations and Retrospective Analysis of Medical Records

The aim of this study was to test the effect of hyaluronic acid cross-linked with polyethylene glycol containing micronized portions of calcium hydroxyapatite (Neauvia Stimulate) on both local tissue and systemic consequences, which are crucial from the perspective of long-term safety, in patients suffering from Hashimoto's disease. This most common autoimmune disease is a frequently mentioned contraindication to the use of fillers based on hyaluronic acid as well as biostimulants based on calcium hydroxyapatite. Broad-spectrum aspects of histopathology were analyzed to identify key features of inflammatory infiltration before the procedure and 5, 21, and 150 days after the procedure. A statistically significant effect on the reduction of the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration in the tissue in relation to the state before the procedure was demonstrated, combined with a reduction in the occurrence of both antigen-recognizing (CD4) and cytotoxic (CD8) T lymphocytes. With complete statistical certainty, it was demonstrated that the treatment with Neauvia Stimulate had no effect on the levels of these antibodies. All this corresponds with the risk analysis that showed no alarming symptoms during the time of observation. The choice of hyaluronic acid fillers cross-linked with polyethylene glycol should be considered justified and safe in the case of patients suffering from Hashimoto's disease

Different distribution of CD4 and CD8 T cells in synovial membrane and peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are chronic diseases associated with morphological joint changes. Synovial membrane (SM) involvement was established for RA, but the data for OA are limited, because OA is usually regarded as noninflammatory disease. Changes in immune system in RA are not limited to joints, and the significant role of T cells of peripheral blood (PB) is not disputable. However, there is still an open debate about PB immunological profile in OA. Therefore, we decided to measure the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, regarding CD28 expression, both in PB and SM of RA and OA patients, on the same day. Altogether, eleven RA patients, 11 OA patients and similar numbers of age-matched healthy controls were included into the study. Flow cytometry was used for T cells subpopulation distinguishing and quantification; monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD28 with different fluorochromes were used for stainings. The RA patients had significantly higher percentage of CD3+4+ cells in PB as compared to OA patients and relevant control group. Both within the CD4+ and CD8+ compartments, significantly lower percentages of cells bearing the CD28 marker were found in the PB of OA as compared to RA patients. The proportion of CD3+CD4+ cells in SM was dependent on age of OA patients, older OA patients had significantly higher value of their SM/blood ratio than RA patients. Older OA subjects were also characterized by higher values of the SM/blood ratio of both CD4+CD28+ and CD8+CD28+ subpopulations than RA or younger OA patients. In conclusion, in contrast to the traditional view of OA disease, our results give support to the hypothesis that OA may also (like RA) be a disease with a local immunological involvement

Phase-space dependence of particle-ratio fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions from 20A to 158A GeV beam energy

A novel approach, the identity method, was used for particle identification and the study of fluctuations of particle yield ratios in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). This procedure allows to unfold the moments of the unknown multiplicity distributions of protons (p), kaons (K), pions ($\pi$) and electrons (e). Using these moments the excitation function of the fluctuation measure $\nu_{\text{\text{dyn}}}$[A,B] was measured, with A and B denoting different particle types. The obtained energy dependence of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ agrees with previously published NA49 results on the related measure $\sigma_{\text{dyn}}$. Moreover, $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ was found to depend on the phase space coverage for [K,p] and [K,$\pi$] pairs. This feature most likely explains the reported differences between measurements of NA49 and those of STAR in central Au+Au collisions

Production of deuterium, tritium, and 3^3He in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN SPS

Production of $d$, $t$, and $^3$He nuclei in central Pb+Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ and $B_3$, as well as coalescence radii for $d$ and $^3$He were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies.Comment: 22 pages, 29 figures, 8 tables, for submission to Phys. Rev.

Sedimentary ancient DNA: a new paleogenomic tool for reconstructing the history of marine ecosystems

Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) offers a novel retrospective approach to reconstructing the history of marine ecosystems over geological timescales. Until now, the biological proxies used to reconstruct paleoceanographic and paleoecological conditions were limited to organisms whose remains are preserved in the fossil record. The development of ancient DNA analysis techniques substantially expands the range of studied taxa, providing a holistic overview of past biodiversity. Future development of marine sedaDNA research is expected to dramatically improve our understanding of how the marine biota responded to changing environmental conditions. However, as an emerging approach, marine sedaDNA holds many challenges, and its ability to recover reliable past biodiversity information needs to be carefully assessed. This review aims to highlight current advances in marine sedaDNA research and to discuss potential methodological pitfalls and limitations

Impact of IL-28B polymorphisms on pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment response in children and adolescents infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 4

IL-28B polymorphisms are predictors of response to therapy in adults infected with hepatitis C. We do not know whether they are markers of response to therapy in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-28B gene could influence the probability of response to therapy compared with other known baseline prognostic factors and correlate with clinical findings in pediatric patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1 or 4. We determined three SNPs of IL-28B (rs12979860, rs12980275, and rs8099917) in 82 patients with chronic HCV infection treated with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin (peg-IFNα/RBV). Treatment response and clinical data were analyzed. Overall, sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved by 45 % of patients infected with difficult-to-treat HCV genotypes 1 and 4. Except for IL-28B polymorphisms, there was no association of SVR with any other clinical data. IL-28B rs12979860 CC [odds ratio (OR), 6.81; p = 0.001] and rs8099917 TT (OR, 3.14; p = 0.013) genotypes were associated with higher SVR rates. IL-28B rs12980275 was not significantly associated with SVR ( p = 0.058). Only the distribution between CC and CT-TT genotypes of rs12979860 significantly differentiated patients achieving early virological response (EVR) (OR, 10.0; p = 0.011). Children with the rs12979860 CC genotype had significantly higher baseline viral load compared with CT-TT patients ( p = 0.010). In children and adolescents chronically infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 4, IL-28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms were the only predictors of response to peg-IFN/RBV