Organizing reflexivity in designed change: The ethnoventionist approach

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the role of intervention/oriented scientists in the process of organisation development. The paper seeks to contribute to the growing interest in design studies for organisation development and argues that a focus on reflexivity is missing in current debate. The aim of the paper to develop critical reflexiveness for organization design studies by introducing the ethnoventionist approach. Design/methodology/approach – The paper discusses the ideal forms of clinical inquiry, participative action research, ethnography, and the ethnoventionist approach. The ethnoventionist approach is described by its central aspects: a focus on reflexivity, a management (but not managerialist) orientation, commitment to obtaining a deep understanding, connecting the multi/layered context, and studying in pre/arranged longitudinal intervals. Findings – The ethnoventionist approach uses organisational ethnographies to facilitate intervention strategies intended to improve organisations. An example of such an approach in the design of new collaborative practices in the Dutch construction sector is drawn on. Practical implications – The essence of the ethnoventionist approach is to obtain a deeper understanding of organisational change. The ethnoventionist approach helps to overcome a lack of attention to management in current ethnographic bodies of knowledge and to deepen existing management approaches to change dynamics. Ethnoventionist approaches can be very useful for intervention/oriented studies of change processes which require high levels of engagement and which produce high/quality ethnographic data. Originality/value – This paper explores a new research approach that has not been discussed previously. © 2010, Emerald Group Publishing Limite

Onderzoek naar de effectiviteit van ontsmettingsapparatuur en -middelen

In teelten die los van de ondergrond op verschillende substraten worden geteeld, wordt het drainwater gerecirculeerd. In het recirculatiewater kunnen diverse pathogenen (ziekteverwekkers) zoals schimmels, bacteriën en virussen voorkomen. Daarom wordt op veel bedrijven het drainwater ontsmet en dit kan op verschillende manieren worden gedaan met ontsmettingsapparatuur en ontsmettingsmiddelen. Bij de teelt in de vollegrond vindt nu nog geen of nauwelijks recirculatie van drainagewater plaats. De samenstelling van drainagewater verschilt aanzienlijk van drainwater. Daardoor is de ontsmettingsmethodiek niet per definitie gelijk. Zo kunnen organische stof en ijzerdeeltjes de transmissie sterk omlaag brengen. Dit kan tot gevolg hebben dat bijvoorbeeld een UV-ontsmetting onvoldoende werkt. Drainagewater behoeft daarom soms een voorbehandeling voordat het met een standaard ontsmettingsmethode behandeld kan worden. Voor drainagewater worden op basis van analyses en interviews aanbevelingen gedaan voor verbetering om tot een goede ontsmetting van drainagewater te komen

PRUSSIC I - a JVLA survey of HCN/HCO+/HNC (1-0) emission in z∼\sim3 dusty galaxies: Low dense-gas fractions in high-redshift star-forming galaxies

Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshift z$\geq$1 are among the most vigorously star-forming galaxies in the Universe. However, their dense ($\geq$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ ) gas phase - typically traced by HCN(1-0) - remains almost entirely unexplored: only two DSFGs have been detected in HCN(1-0) to date. We present results of a JVLA survey of the J=1-0 transition of HCN, HCO+, and HNC(1-0) in six strongly lensed DSFGs at z = 2.5 - 3.3, effectively doubling the number of DSFGs with deep observations of these lines. We detect HCN(1-0) emission in one source (J1202+5354, 4.4$\sigma$), with a tentative HCO+ (1-0) detection in another (J1609+6045, 3.3$\sigma$). Spectral stacking yields strict upper limits on the HCN/FIR ($\leq$3.6$\times$10$^{-4}$) and HCN/CO(1-0) ratios ($\leq$0.045). The inferred HCN/FIR ratios (a proxy for the star-formation efficiency) are consistent with those in z$\sim$0 FIR-luminous starbursts. However, the HCN/CO ratios - a proxy for the dense-gas fraction - are a factor of a few lower than suggested by the two previous DSFG detections. Our results imply that most DSFGs have low dense-gas fractions. A comparison with Krumholz & Thompson (2007) models of star-forming galaxies indicates that the bulk of gas in DSFGs is at lower densities ($\approx$10$^2$ cm$^{-3}$ ), similar to "normal" star-forming galaxies, rather than ultraluminous starbursts.Comment: Submitted to A&A 28th April 2022, accepted 19th July 202

PRUSSIC II -- ALMA imaging of dense-gas tracers in SDP.81: Evidence for low mechanical heating and a sub-solar metallicity in a z=3.04 dusty galaxy

We present deep ALMA Band 3 observations of the HCN, HCO+, and HNC (4-3) emission in SDP.81, a well-studied z = 3.042 strongly lensed galaxy. These lines trace the high-density gas, which remains almost entirely unexplored in z$\geq$1 galaxies. Additionally, these dense-gas tracers are potentially powerful diagnostics of the mechanical heating of the interstellar medium. While the HCN(4-3) and HNC(4-3) lines are not detected, the HCO+(4-3) emission is clearly detected and resolved. This is the third detection of this line in a high-redshift star-forming galaxy. We find an unusually high HCO+/HCN intensity ratio of $\geq$2.2. Based on the photodissociation region modelling, the most likely explanation for the elevated HCO+/HCN ratio is that SDP.81 has low mechanical heating - less than 10% of the total energy budget - and a sub-solar metallicity, Z=0.5 Z$_\odot$. While such conditions might not be representative of the general population of high-redshift dusty galaxies, lower-than-solar metallicity might have a significant impact on gas masses inferred from CO observations. In addition, we report the detection of CO(0-1) absorption from the foreground lensing galaxy and CO(1-0) emission from a massive companion to the lensing galaxy, approximately 50 kpc to the southeast.Comment: A&A accepted, in press. 10 pages, 10 figure

Using CT colonography as a triage technique after a positive faecal occult blood test in colorectal cancer screening

Item does not contain fulltextOBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CT colonography (CTC) as a triage technique in faecal occult blood test (FOBT)-positive screening participants. METHODS: Consecutive guaiac (G-FOBT) and immunochemical (I-FOBT) FOBT-positive patients scheduled for colonoscopy underwent CTC with iodine tagging bowel preparation. Each CTC was read independently by two experienced observers. Per patient sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were calculated based on double reading with different CTC cut-off lesion sizes using segmental unblinded colonoscopy as the reference standard. The acceptability of the technique to patients was evaluated with questionnaires. RESULTS: 302 FOBT-positive patients were included (54 G-FOBT and 248 I-FOBT). 22 FOBT-positive patients (7%) had a colorectal carcinoma and 211 (70%) had a lesion >or=6 mm. Participants considered colonoscopy more burdensome than CTC (por=6 mm. The PPV of CTC was 87% (95% CI 80% to 93%) and NPV 77% (95% CI 69% to 85%). Using CTC as a triage technique in 100 FOBT-positive patients would mean that colonoscopy could be prevented in 28 patients while missing >or=10 mm lesions in 2 patients. CONCLUSION: CTC with limited bowel preparation has reasonable predictive values in an FOBT-positive population and a higher acceptability to patients than colonoscopy. However, due to the high prevalence of clinically relevant lesions in FOBT-positive patients, CTC is unlikely to be an efficient triage technique in a first round FOBT population screening programme

Effect of varying UAV height on the precise estimation of potato crop growth

A phenotyping pipeline utilising DeepLab was developed for precisely estimating the height, volume, coverage and vegetation indices of European and Japanese varieties. Using this pipeline, the effect of varying UAV height on the precise estimation of potato crop growth properties was evaluated. A UAV fitted with a multispectral camera was flown at a height of 15 m and 30 m in an experimental field where various varieties of potatoes were grown. The properties of plant height, volume and NDVI were evaluated and compared with the manually obtained parameters. Strong linear correlations with R2 of 0.803 and 0.745 were obtained between the UAV obtained plant heights and manually estimated plant height when the UAV was flown at 15 m and 30 m respectively. Furthermore, high linear correlations with an R2 of 0.839 and 0.754 were obtained between the UAV-estimated volume and manually estimated volume when the UAV was flown at 15 m and 30 m respectively. For the vegetation indices, there were no observable differences in the NDVI values obtained from the UAV flown at the two heights. Furthermore, high linear correlations with R2 of 0.930 and 0.931 were obtained between UAV-estimated and manually measured NDVI at 15 m and 30 m respectively. It was found that UAV flown at the lower height had a higher ground sampling distance thus increased resolution leading to more precise estimation of both the height and volume of crops. For vegetation indices, flying the UAV at a higher height had no effect on the precision of NDVI estimates

PRUSSIC. I. A JVLA survey of HCN, HCO+, and HNC (1-0) emission in z ~ 3 dusty galaxiesLow dense-gas fractions in high-redshift star-forming galaxies: low dense-gas fractions in high-redshift star-forming galaxies

GalaxiesInterstellar matter and star formatio