Desarrollo e implementación del curso de introducción a la física en la universidad autónoma de la ciudad de México (UACM)

El trabajo que ahora presentamos da cuenta del proceso de implementación del curso de Introducción a la Física que se imparte en la UACM basado en el trabajo del Physics Education Group de la Universidad de Washington. Éste se desarrolla desde un enfoque constructivista, con la intención de desarrollar conocimiento operativo y habilidades de pensamiento científico como elementos que pensamos pueden contrarrestar el fracaso usual en los cursos de física. Los resultados que se presentan en esta ponencia buscan dar evidencia de que la efectividad en el aprendizaje de la ciencia requiere del involucramiento mental activo y de la consideración del estado inicial real del estudiante, entre otras cosas; asimismo, se presenta un marco metodológico para implementar y evaluar actividades de aprendizaje bajo las mismas premisas

Effect of crushing temperature on virgin olive oil quality and composition

The objective of the current study was to assess the influence of a modified crushing process and kneading operation on the quality parameters, volatile compounds, and the fatty acid and sterol profiles of virgin olive oil from the Edremit yaglik variety. In the study, olive oil samples were produced in two different processes. The first one was produced without malaxation and the second one was produced with the malaxing process. During crushing, the effect of different temperatures was tested. The results demonstrate that different crushing temperatures generally did not affect the amount of free fatty acids, or peroxide value. Total phenol contents were positively affected by the additional malaxation process. Fatty acids and sterol composition were not significantly altered at different crushing temperatures or during the subsequent malaxation application. PCA enabled a clear classification of the oils obtained from different processing techniques

The energy quality of enclosure for housebuilding

If we consider a building as clothing for people living inside, it is possible to change its size without perverting its nature only by applying bioarchitecture and bioclimate principles, as well as all those principles belonging to building system quality control-oriented philosophies improving its intrinsic distinctive features. So, the building structure shall be the first Technological System dealing with design changes. Therefore, the building system will be designed or restructured at low operating costs concerning energy consumption thus optimizing (by means of a proper use of materials, components and building techniques) the energy relationship with the surrounding environment, taking into account local climatic conditions and direct users welfare requirements. All the information gathered can be useful at the project level both to settle proper intervention strategies and to encourage a “system design” of the components to be used, and this is possible only because the building transformability, the specific needs, the efficiency and integrability of the chosen technologies have been previously analysed. This kind of design approach is facilitated by the industrial production techniques evolution which is leading more and more towards techniques allowing the diffusion of the use of “on design” components. The building flexibility of new industrial production - which is able to provide, even if at additional costs, with industrial components having different shapes and dimensions, upon specific request - meets the requirement, that designers showed several times, to calibrate the use of technological sub-components in function of the real requirements of architectural language, morphological conformation and solar captation, which are different according to circumstances. An experimental application carried out at the didactic level on an housebuilding, led to find out requalification technological solutions by an energy point of view taking into account the above mentioned requisites as well as the strengthening of local intrinsic features and of the building system interested in the transformation. The didactic experience, carried out within the Technological and Construction Design Laboratory at the Faculty of Architecture of the Second University of Naples, brought out the importance within the architecture design to realize objects as: sustainable use of natural resources, energy waste reduction and quality of life. In the light of the above considerations, the external environment and the climate (characterized by factors such as: sun, wind, rain, remarkably affecting buildings environmental quality) must become component parts of architectural design. Students have been requested to apply the Performance Analysis to check the environmental and energy functioning of their projects