Familiarity and awareness of facial cosmetic and oral maxillofacial surgery among dental and medical undergraduate students

BackgroundFacial cosmetic and oral maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) is primarily a surgical specialty of dentistry concerned with the management of diseases of the jaws, mouth, face and neck regions. It is indeed common knowledge that many medical professionals and the public have a very low awareness of OMFS.AimsThis multicentric study aimed to investigate and check the familiarity and awareness of facial cosmetic and OMFS among dental and medical undergraduate students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Methods This cross-sectional study was distributed among medical and dental undergraduate students of different universities in Saudi Arabia, between September and December, 2019. The questionnaire consisted of 23 variables that were divided into 2 sections: (a) demographic information (b) facial cosmetic and OMFS questions. Ethical approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee. All analyses were performed using SPSS, version 24.Results Total of 412 dentistry students and 452 medicine & surgery students included. A much higher percentage of dental students (80.6 per cent) have heard about Facial cosmetic and, p < 0.001. Among the specific Facial Cosmetic & OMFS, ‘fractures of the jaw and face’ was known by most of the dental (77.7 per cent) and medical (63.7 per cent) students. The mean awareness score was higher among the dentistry students compared to medicine & surgery students (8.88±4.47 vs. 8.78±4.40 out of 17.ConclusionLevel of Familiarity and awareness was reasonable. This study ascertains the need for an effective educational program to increase the awareness

Genetic and Epigenetic Fine-Mapping of Causal Autoimmune Disease Variants

Summary Genome-wide association studies have identified loci underlying human diseases, but the causal nucleotide changes and mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we developed a fine-mapping algorithm to identify candidate causal variants for 21 autoimmune diseases from genotyping data. We integrated these predictions with transcription and cis-regulatory element annotations, derived by mapping RNA and chromatin in primary immune cells, including resting and stimulated CD4+ T-cell subsets, regulatory T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, B-cells, and monocytes. We find that ~90% of causal variants are noncoding, with ~60% mapping to immune-cell enhancers, many of which gain histone acetylation and transcribe enhancer-associated RNA upon immune stimulation. Causal variants tend to occur near binding sites for master regulators of immune differentiation and stimulus-dependent gene activation, but only 10–20% directly alter recognizable transcription factor binding motifs. Rather, most noncoding risk variants, including those that alter gene expression, affect non-canonical sequence determinants not well-explained by current gene regulatory models

The Use of Social Media and Its Influence on Undergoing Rhinoplasty

Introduction:. Rhinoplasty is one of the most frequently performed procedures, and such treatments are becoming more common. Social media platforms are crucial in the promotion of cosmetic surgery. Hence, this study aimed to assess social media use and influence on the decision to undergo rhinoplasty among Saudi patients. Methods:. This cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing a self-administered, online questionnaire among Saudi patients who had previously undergone rhinoplasty in a private practice in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results:. A total of 205 participants were included, with the majority aged 26–35 years (54.1%). Most of them were female (91.2%). The most used social media platform was Snapchat (73.7%). The most reported factors that influenced the participants’ decision to undergo rhinoplasty included before and after pictures on social media platforms (76.1%). Women were more frequently influenced by the before and after photographs on social media platforms (P = 0.001). More than half of respondents (52.7%) declared that their decisions were influenced by advertisements on social media platforms. Conclusions:. The use of social media influenced patients’ decisions to undergo rhinoplasty, with Snapchat being the most used. The authenticity of the information offered on social media profiles maintained by doctors and nonphysicians is critical in deciding whether or not to undergo rhinoplasty

Preswitt EIF Rainscreen System

CCMC Evaluation Report 12973-RPeer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye