Authors' reply : on "Narrow Scope of Vitamin C Review" and "Misleading Information on the Properties of Vitamin C"

Non peer reviewe

Revealing the History and Mystery of RNA-Seq

Advances in RNA-sequencing technologies have led to the development of intriguing experimental setups, a massive accumulation of data, and high demand for tools to analyze it. To answer this demand, computational scientists have developed a myriad of data analysis pipelines, but it is less often considered what the most appropriate one is. The RNA-sequencing data analysis pipeline can be divided into three major parts: data pre-processing, followed by the main and downstream analyses. Here, we present an overview of the tools used in both the bulk RNA-seq and at the single-cell level, with a particular focus on alternative splicing and active RNA synthesis analysis. A crucial part of data pre-processing is quality control, which defines the necessity of the next steps; adapter removal, trimming, and filtering. After pre-processing, the data are finally analyzed using a variety of tools: differential gene expression, alternative splicing, and assessment of active synthesis, the latter requiring dedicated sample preparation. In brief, we describe the commonly used tools in the sample preparation and analysis of RNA-seq data

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

Non peer reviewe

Aktualisasi Kepribadian Demokratis di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri Aceh

The world of education is expected to be able to be democratic. Universities as a collection of academic actors who have broad insight and are aware of their different rights must of course be the pioneers of actualizing democratic personality and it is hoped that there will be no discrimination even if only a little. The purpose of this study was to determine the personality of educators at Aceh State Islamic Religious Colleges; and the attitude of students towards the personality of educators at the Aceh State Islamic Religious College. This research is field research, with the type of qualitative research. The subjects of this study were Lecturers and Students at the State Islamic Religious College (PTKIN) Aceh consisting of IAIN Lhokseumawe Campus, STAIN Meulaboh, and UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. Data collection techniques using closed interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that the Personality Actualization of Educators at Aceh State Islamic Religious Colleges had been actualized well. This is based on the results of interviews with lecturers at three Aceh State Islamic Religious Universities. and Students' Attitudes towards the Personality of Educators at Aceh State Islamic Religious Colleges based on the results of the questionnaire analysis

ExoMars Atmospheric Science and Missions Workshop Abstracts

The “ExoMars Atmospheric Science and Missions” Workshop served as a forum for general discussions on Martian atmospheric science with a focus on the assessment of the results and instrumentation development cycle of the ExoMars 2016 mission. These led to presentations and discussions of the atmospheric investigation plans and strategies for the ESA ExoMars-2020 mission in particular and for forthcoming Mars missions in general. The workshop gave overviews of the ExoMars atmospheric investigations through invited talks by Exomars scientists. The ExoMars atmospheric results and planned investigations were covered by individual scientific presentations. The workshop engaged early career scientists, inclusiveness states and scientific and technological cooperation in the European planetary science community. The Workshop provided a forum for discussion and debate on the outstanding scientific topics of the Martian atmosphere, and on how to integrate and network the scientific teams with providers of instruments and technical systems. Thus the workshop also contributed to international cooperation in the field of Martian atmospheric science and technology

Farmed foxes prefer a cage with an unobstructed View

We have observed earlier that farmed blue foxes (Alopex lagopus) and silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) tend to avoid resting at those sites in their cages from which the view to the surroundings is obstmeted. In the present study this hypothesis wastested in a preference test in Which the foxes could choose between a cage with an unobstructed view and a cage with a partially obstructed view. Both blue foxes and silver foxes spent a smaller percentage of their daily active time in the cage with the obstructed view than in the cage with the unobstructed view. They almost exclusively preferred the cage with the unobstructed view as a resting site. Obstructed/unobstrueted View is a key feature of the cage environment that should be taken into consideration when designing housing systems for farmed foxes

The Beagle 2 environmental sensors: intended measurements and scientific goals

The Beagle 2 lander, due for arrival on Mars in December 2003, carries an Environmental Sensors Suite to monitor the local meteorology and carry out simple dust and oxidant measurements. The suite is described, and the scientific goals are discussed

Scenario Planning of Hybrid Working Model Effectivity (Work From Home & Work From Office) at PT. XYZ

The research objective is to analyze the effects of leadership and work-life balance on the performance of PT XYZ employees, to analyze the effects of work-life balance and employee engagement on the performance of PT XYZ employees, and to formulate the scenario planning of the effectivity of hybrid working model that can be suggested to PT XYZ. The sample of this study is employees of PT XYZ who have been working for at least 6 months in the hybrid working model, particularly at non production divisions. The evaluated variables in this study are work-life balance, employee engagement, leadership dan performance. The survey data is collected from 104 respondents who filled out the online questionnaire (Google Form) and from 8 experts via discussion and interview sessions. This study used a descriptive analysis, PLS-SEM and TAIDA (Tracking, Analyzing, Imaging, Deciding, and Acting) methods. The results showed that work-life balance had positive and significant effects on employee engagement and leadership but it does not have significant effect on performance, employee engagement had positive and significant effects on leadership and performance, as well as leadership had positive and significant effects on performance. Regarding the managerial impact, the hybrid work model affected the cost, people and technology that moreover it can be an added value for the company. Keywords: hybrid work model, work from home, work from office, scenario planning, TAID

Measurement of Martian boundary layer winds by the displacement of jettisoned lander hardware

Abstract Martian boundary layer wind speed and direction measurements, from a variety of locations, seasons and times, are provided. For each lander sent to Mars over the last four decades a unique record of the winds blowing during their descent is preserved at each landing site. By comparing images acquired from orbiting spacecraft of the impact points of jettisoned hardware, such as heat shields and parachutes, to a trajectory model the winds can be measured. We start our investigations with the Viking lander 1 mission and end with Schiaparelli. In-between we extract wind measurements based on observations of the Beagle 2, Spirit, Opportunity, Phoenix and Curiosity landing sites. With one exception the wind at each site during the lander’s descent were found to be   20 m s − 1 ), blowing from the north-west was required at a high altitude ( > 2 km) together with a gust close to the surface ( < 500 m altitude) originating from the north. All in all our investigations yielded a total of ten unique wind measurements in the PBL. One each from the Viking landers and one each from Beagle 2, Spirit, Opportunity and Schiaparelli. Two wind measurements, one above about 1 km altitude and one below, were possible from observations of the Curiosity and Phoenix landing site. Our findings are consistent with a turbulent PBL in the afternoon and calm PBL in the morning. When comparing our results to a GCM we found a good match in wind direction but not for wind speed. The information provided here makes available wind measurements previously unavailable to Mars atmosphere modellers and investigators.Peer reviewe

Surface Energy Fluxes and Temperatures at Jezero Crater, Mars

Diurnal ground surface and air temperatures (Tg, Ta) and the five major surface energy budget fluxes are displayed as derived from M2020 mission observations and from column model simulations in two extreme cases (low and high diurnal Tg-variation) along the Perseverance rover track in the Jezero crater. In both cases the fluxes and Tg are well modeled when using diurnally variable apparent ground thermal inertia I derived via a Fourier series method from the hourly observations. Hence the measurements, the diagnostic method and the model results are consistent with high- and low-I nonhomogeneous terrain in the field-of-view (FOV) of the thermal infrared and solar sensors. In contrast less extreme values of I consistent with THEMIS retrievals are necessary for good simulations of observed Ta. We deduce that the measured Tg for the small ?3 m2 FOV may not always be representative for the larger region around the rover, which controls the near-surface atmospheric temperature profile.Peer reviewe