311 research outputs found
Optimization of Dielectric Rod Antenna Design in Millimeter Wave Band for Wireless Communications
Dielectric rod antennas are promising candidates to be used in millimeter
wave band wireless communications. The optimization of a patch-fed dielectric
rod antenna design at millimeter wave band is presented in this work. This
design is composed of simple dielectric rod antenna made of low cost Teflon
with relative permittivity of 2.1 that is fed by a rectangular patch antenna.
Compared to the conventionally used tapered dielectric rod antennas, this
configuration is capable of producing higher gain for a given antenna length.
The design is optimized to achieve gain up to 17.5 dBi and impedance bandwidth
up to 4.4 GHz at 60 GHz. A 4-element array is proposed to increase the gain up
to 21 dBi. Simulations are performed using CST microwave studio, and their
results are presented.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2 table
Targeting mechanisms for cash transfers using regional aggregates
We propose an empirical method for improving food assistance scoring and targeting, which minimizes under-coverage and leakage of food and cash assistance programs. The empirical strategy relies on a joint econometric estimation of food insecurity and economic vulnerability indicators at the household level, using data-driven instead of predetermined quantiles.We apply the method to recent micro data on Syrian refugees in Lebanon, to explore how regional and community-based aggregates can improve the targeting effectiveness of aid programs, notably food aid by the World Food Program in Lebanon. Our results confirm that using regional aggregates are useful for augmenting the Balanced Poverty Accuracy Criterion, and our method performs much better than the current policy in terms of targeting effectiveness and accuracy for economically vulnerable households
Synthesis of New Formyl Halo N-methylimidazole Derivatives
Bromo-formyl imidazoles 16-20 have been prepared by three
different ways. The first consisted of conversion of bromo or iodo
imidazoles 1-6 into diethyl acetals 13-15, and subsequent hydrolysis
into formyl derivatives 7-9. In the second, bromination of.
formyl imidazoles with NBS afforded compounds 16-18 in 45-70°/o
yield. The third method used direct formylation of bromo imidazoles
10-12 with n-BuLi/DMF reagent into compounds 16, 19, and 20
Success and Failure in the Simulation of an Accident and Emergency Department
Healthcare simulation has the potential to offer many benefits but the implementation is often problematic. This paper describes the development of a simulation of an Accident and Emergency Department in an NHS hospital. The early experience of the client provoked great enthusiasm but ultimately the simulation failed to meet all expectations. The simulation delivered a number of benefits, notably in terms of stimulating constructive debate and helping the stakeholders appreciate the complete Accident and Emergency system. The project produced a technically proficient tool that was delivered too late to have the desired impact. This mixed record of success appears typical of many simulations. Important lessons were learned, both technically and in the management of client expectations, which have contributed to subsequent successful implementation in other departments of the hospital. The experience suggests that both potential clients and analysts need to establish realistic expectations and appreciate the particular challenges of simulation in a healthcare environment
Exploring alternative routes to realising the benefits of simulation in healthcare
Discrete event simulation should offer numerous benefits in designing healthcare systems but the reality is often problematic. Healthcare modelling faces particular challenges: genuine, fundamental variations in practice and an opposition to any suggestion of standardisation from some professional groups. This paper compares the experiences of developing a new simulation in an Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department, a subsequent adaptation for modelling an outpatient clinic and applications of a generic A&E simulation. These studies provide examples of three distinct approaches to realising the potential benefits of simulation: the bespoke, the reuse and the generic route. Reuse has many advantages: it is relatively efficient in exploiting previous modelling experience, delivering timely results while providing scope for adaptations to local practice. Explicitly demonstrating this willingness to adapt to local conditions and engaging with stakeholders is particularly important in healthcare simulation
Implications of Synchronous IVR Radio on Syrian Refugee Health and Community Dynamics
With 1,033,513 Syrian refugees adding a strain on the Lebanese healthcare system, innovation is key to improving access to healthcare. Our previous work identified the potential for technology to improve access to antenatal care services and increase refugee agency. Using (1) paper mock ups and a mobile based prototype, (2) process mapping, (3) focus groups and interviews and (4) key informant meetings, we explored the concept of refugee led community radio shows to deliver peer-led healthcare. We observed the influence of community radio shows on Syrian refugee health education, community dynamics and community agency in relationships between healthcare providers and refugees. Refugees were positively impacted through situating the technology within the community. We highlight issues around trust, agency, understanding, sel-forganization and privacy that resulted from running the shows through mock ups and a mobile based prototype. Our findings inform future work in community run radio shows
The hypertension cascade of care in the midst of conflict: the case of the Gaza Strip
Although hypertension constitutes a substantial burden in conflict-affected areas, little is known about its prevalence, control, and management in Gaza. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and correlates of hypertension, its diagnosis and control among adults in Gaza. We conducted a representative, cross-sectional, anonymous, household survey of 4576 persons older than 40 years in Gaza in mid-2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, anthropometric, and blood pressure measurements. Hypertension was defined in anyone with an average systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or average diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg from two consecutive readings or a hypertension diagnosis. The mean age of participants was 56.9 ± 10.5 years, 54.0% were female and 68.5% were Palestinian refugees. The prevalence of hypertension was 56.5%, of whom 71.5% had been diagnosed. Hypertension was significantly higher among older participants, refugees, ex-smokers, those who were overweight or obese, and had other co-morbidities including mental illnesses. Two-thirds (68.3%) of those with hypertension were on treatment with one in three (35.6%) having their hypertension controlled. Having controlled hypertension was significantly higher in females, those receiving all medications for high blood pressure and those who never or rarely added salt to food. Investing in comprehensive but cost-effective initiatives that strengthen the prevention, early detection and timely treatment of hypertension in conflict settings is critical. It is essential to better understand the underlying barriers behind the lack of control and develop multi-sectoral programs to address these barriers
Research and Education in Computational Science and Engineering
Over the past two decades the field of computational science and engineering
(CSE) has penetrated both basic and applied research in academia, industry, and
laboratories to advance discovery, optimize systems, support decision-makers,
and educate the scientific and engineering workforce. Informed by centuries of
theory and experiment, CSE performs computational experiments to answer
questions that neither theory nor experiment alone is equipped to answer. CSE
provides scientists and engineers of all persuasions with algorithmic
inventions and software systems that transcend disciplines and scales. Carried
on a wave of digital technology, CSE brings the power of parallelism to bear on
troves of data. Mathematics-based advanced computing has become a prevalent
means of discovery and innovation in essentially all areas of science,
engineering, technology, and society; and the CSE community is at the core of
this transformation. However, a combination of disruptive
developments---including the architectural complexity of extreme-scale
computing, the data revolution that engulfs the planet, and the specialization
required to follow the applications to new frontiers---is redefining the scope
and reach of the CSE endeavor. This report describes the rapid expansion of CSE
and the challenges to sustaining its bold advances. The report also presents
strategies and directions for CSE research and education for the next decade.Comment: Major revision, to appear in SIAM Revie
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