Bromo-formyl imidazoles 16-20 have been prepared by three
different ways. The first consisted of conversion of bromo or iodo
imidazoles 1-6 into diethyl acetals 13-15, and subsequent hydrolysis
into formyl derivatives 7-9. In the second, bromination of.
formyl imidazoles with NBS afforded compounds 16-18 in 45-70°/o
yield. The third method used direct formylation of bromo imidazoles
10-12 with n-BuLi/DMF reagent into compounds 16, 19, and 20

A. G. Ghattas

A. H. Moustafa

M. Anwar

M. El Borai

English

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CROATICA CHEMICA ACTA CCACAA 54 (2) 211-216 (1981) CCA-·1276 YU ISSN 0011-1643 UDC 547.78 Original Scientific Paper Synthesis of New Formyl Halo N-methylimidazole Derivatives M. El Borai, A. H. Moustafa, M. Anwar, and A. G. Ghattas Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tanta and University of Ain Shams, Egypt Received December 25, 1979 Bromo-formyl imidazoles 16-20 have been prepared by three different ways. The first consisted of conversion of bromo or iodo imidazoles 1-6 into diethyl acetals 13-15, and subsequent hydro-lysis into formyl derivatives 7-9. In the second, bromination of. formyl imidazoles with NBS afforded compounds 16-18 in 45-70°/o yield. The third method used direct formylation of bromo imidazoles 10-12 with n-BuLi/DMF reagent into compounds 16, 19, and 20. INTRODUCTION Imidazole compounds are proving to be of vital importance for the function of biological systems1- 2• This research was carried out to investigate the effect of some of these compounds in that respect. Iversen et al.3 reported the pre-paration of 2-formyl N-methylimidazole (Nl\/II) by addition of DMF to the rele-vant lithium compound. Mattews ·et al. 4 reported the preparation of 5-formyl NMI by manganese dioxide oxidation of methyl-1-methyl-5-imidazole carbo-xylate. Also 2-diethylacetal NMI was prepared in 4510/o yield by the action of ethyl ortho formate on 2-formyl-N-methylimidazole. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Synthesis. - Conventional methods for the preparation of 2,4, and 5-·-diethylacetal NMI derivatives 13, 14, and 15 were used starting from the corre-sponding bromo or iodo compounds 1-6. The hydrolysis of these acetals leads to the formation of 2, 4, and 5-formyl imidazole compounds 7-9. (Scheme 1.) The bromo-formyl imidazoles 16-20 were prepared in two ways: firstly, bromination of 2, 4, and 5-formyl derivatives 7-9 with NBS and secondly, by direct formylation of 2,5 & 4,5-dibromo and 2,4,5-tribromo imidazole deri-vatives by n-BuLi/DMF reagent. (Scheme 2.) EXPERIMENTAL 1H NMR spectra were obtained on a Varian A-60 spectrometer in CDC13 with 'i'MS as the internal reference, IR spectra were determined with a Unicam-SP 200G using the KBr Wafer technique. All melting points 'Nere taken on a Thomas-Hoover melting point apparatus and are uncorrected. The usual procedure consisted of diluting with water, extracting with chlo-roform, washing the extract with water, drying over magnesium sulphate, removing the solvent and purification by column chromatography over silica G 60 (Merck) (Table II); or by crystallization from the appropriate solvents (Table III). 212 l Jl. 1 !Q !l !2. R-Br I H H H H R CHO H H R Br H Br M. EL BORA! ET AL. Scheme 1 H HC(OET)z H H H Br I H HC(OET)z Scheme 2 Rz N Rz R ?C..\ -[NBS/CHC1 3 /a]--.- r~ z N R Rr"-- w ,;i.·R CH3 CH Rl Rz R R 3 H. H 1.§ CHO 8 ~ CHO H 11 Br CHO H CHO ~ H Br Rz N Rz R £>.-n-[Buli/DMF/H3o•]_,.. y-~ 1 N R R1ZN/-R CH3 CH R/ Rz R RI 3 8 r H !.§ CHO Br Br Br Br Err 11 CHO lQ CHO H Br Rz H H CHO H Br Br H CHO H H H CHO The starting compounds were prepared according to the methods cited in the literature: 2, & 5-bromo NMI5; 4-bromo NM16 ; 4,5-d.ibromo NMF; 2,5-dibromo, & 2,4,5-tribromo NMI8 ; 4-iodo NMI & 5-iodo NMI8 ; and 2-iodo NMI". Method a: Formation of acetals. To a solution of ethyl magnesium bromide (0.12 mol), the halo NMI derivative (0.1 mol) was added slowly at room temperatu r e, the reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hrs, 200 ml dry benzene was added and the ether w as distilled off. The ethyl ortho formate was then added (0.2 mol) and the reaction m ixture was refluxed for another 4 hrs. At 0 °c the reaction mixture was hydrolysed with 100/o NH4Cl solution and treated as described above. The experimental results were grouped in Table I. TABLE I Experimental Results of 2, 4, and 5-Diethylacetal NMI Compounds Position Yield B . P. Analysis O/o of Halogen O/o oc c H N acetal Calc'd 58.68 8.75 15.21 23 Br 56 78-80/ Found 58.52 8.81 15.16 I 65 0.1 mm 4 Br 48 118-120/ Found 58.50 8.83 15.20 I 57 0.1 mm 5 Br 60 98--100/ Found 58.54 8.76 15.15 I 87 0.1 mm FORMYL HALO N-METHYLIMIDAZOLES 213 Hydrolysis of acetals: Formation of formyl NMI derivatives To a solution of the diethyl acetal (0.1 mol) in 100 ml of chloroform under efficient stirring, 30 ml of 6N HCl was added dropwise and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hr, cooled to 0 °C and neutralized with 50°/o NaOH solution and worked-up as usual. The products were recrystallized from ether-hexane 1 : 2 . The experimental results were grouped in Table IL TABLE II Experimental Results of 2, 4, and 5-Formyl NMI Derivatives Position Eluent Yield IR data Obs. M.P of CHO O/o v C=O cm-1 °CLitt. 2 Ether 72 1680 35-36 34--373 4 Ether-Acetone (4 : 1) 95 1686 66 66-66,54 5 Ether-Acetone (2 : 1) 93 1682 54 53-544 Method b: Bromination of formyl NMI derivatives To a solution of 11 g (0.1 mol) of formyl NMI in 300 ml dry chloroform 19,5 g (0.11 mol) of NBS was added in little aliquots under vigorous stirring and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hrs. At O 0c 100 ml of saturated sodium carbonate solution was added, and the reaction mixture was worked-up as usual. The experi-mental results were grouped in Table III. Method c: Formylation of di and tri bromo NMI derivatives At -70 °c a solution of (0.05 mol) of halo NMI in 30 ml dry ether was treated by an equimolecular quantity of n-BuLi. The organo lithium intermediate was treated by 4,7 g (0.063 mol) of DMF in 20 ml dry ether and the temperature was kept at - 70 °c for another one hour. At 0 °c the reaction mixture was hydrolysed and worked-up as usual. REFERENCES 1. B. R. Rabin, C. M. Cuch i 11 o, A. D ea vi n, C. M. K em p, and A. P. M at hi as, Metabolic Regulation and Enzyme Action, A. S o 1 s and S. G i-s o 1 i a (Eds.) Vol. 19, New York, Academic Press, 1970, p. 203. 2. R. M. S tr o u d, Sci. Amer. 231 (1974) 74. 3. P. I vers en and H. Lund, Acta Chem. Scand. 20 (1966) 2649. 4. P. Martin, H. R. Matte w s, H. Rap op or t, and G. Thy agar a j an, J. Org. Chem. 33 (1968) 3458. 5. G. B. Bar 1 in, J. Chem. Soc. B (1967) 641. 6. M. Hoffer, V. Too me, and A. Bross i, J . Heterocycl. Chem. 3 (1D66) 454. 7. V. Ca 1 o, F. Ci min a 1 e, L. Lopez, F. Naso, and P. E. Todesco, J . Chem. Soc. Perkin I (1972) 2567. 8. M. EL Bora i, A. H. Moustafa, M. Anwar, and F. I. Ab de 1 Hay, Egypt. J. Chem. (1980) in press. 9. M. S. Sh var ts b erg, L. N. Biz h an, E. E. Z ave, and I. L. Kot 1 ya-re vs k ii, Izv. Akad. Nauk. USSR, Ser. Khim. (1972) 472. C. A .. 77 (1972) 34422. TABLE III Experimental Results of Bromo-formyl NMI Comp. Solvent . ld M.P Formula Reaction conditions of Y1e Method crystall. O/o oc Mol. Wt. 16 b NBS on 2-formyl-NMI A-B 45 73-74 C5HsN20Br Calc'd (2 : 1) (188.97) Found 17 b NBS on 5-formyl-NMI C-B 46 135 C5H5N20Br (2: 1) (188.97) Found 18 b NBS on 4-formyl-NMI A-B 70 111 CsHsN20Br (2 : 1) (188.97) Found 16 c n-BuLi/DMF on A-B 57 73-74 C5HsN20Br 2,5-dibromo NMI (2 : 1) (188.97) Found 19 c n-BuLi/DMF on A-B 52 95-96 C5HsN20Br 4,5-dibromo NMI (2 : 1) (188.97) Found 20 c n-:BuLi/DMF on A-B 60 167 CsH4N20Br2 Calc'd 2,4,5-tribromo NMI (3 : 1) 267.87) Found A: Benzene; B: Hexane; C: Methylene chloride. Analysis O/o c H N 31.77 2.67 14.82 31.84 2.64 14.70 32.00 2.60 14.96 31.82 2.60 14.70 31.79 2.58 14.73 30.70 2.60 14.89 22.41 1.50 10.46 22.24 1.42 10. 62 Br 42.28 42.10 42.20 42.40 42.31 42.22 59.65 59.80 tv ....... ..,,. ~ t'1 r' to 0 ::0 ;J:> H t'1 .., ;J:> ~ TABLE IV NMR Spectral Data of Formyl and Diethylacetal NMI Compounds '"O i:: H2 H4 Hs HCHO HAcetal CH2 ;::l 0 0. m/i I m/i I m/i I m/i I m/i \ m/i I s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 u 7 --s/1 7.58 s/1 7.36 s/1 9.52 ----8 s/1 7.52 s/1 7.42 --s/1 9.68 ----9 s/1 7.68 --s/1 7.32 s/1 9.78 ----13 --s/1 7.63 s/1 I ::: --s/1 5.85 q/4 3.65 14 s/1 7.62 s/1 7.54 ---s/1 5.80 q/4 3.54 15 s/1 7.49 --s/1 --s/1 5.82 q/4 3.62 OHC~HClOCH2CH3l 2 t;I CH3 CHs NcHa m/i \ 0 ' m/i I 0 --s/3 4.02 --s/3 3.94 --s/3 3.96 t/6 1.22 s/3 3.92 t/6 1.20 s/3 3.86 t/6 1.22 s/3 3.92 ---"! 0 ~ ;:;: ~ :i: ~ 0 2! ~ l'J .., :i: >«: t-< ~ ti ;.. N 0 t-< l'J [fl Nl ....... <:ll 216 M. EL B ORAI ET AL. TABLE V NMR SpectraL Data of Bromo- formyL NMI Compounds 'O i:: H2 H 4 Hs H crro ;:s 0 p. CHO Br m/i I I m /i I I s 0 0 m/i 0 0 m /i 0 u I 16 2 5 - - s/1 7.26 - - s/1 9.54 17 5 2 - - s/1 7.68 - - s/1 9.58 18 4 5 s/1 7.65 - - - - s/1 9.82 19 2 4 - - - - s/1 7.26 s/1 9.7G 20 2 4&5 - - - - - - s/1 9.68 m: multiplicity; i: intensity; s: singlet; d: doublet; t : triplet; q: quadriplet. SAZETAK Sinteza novih formil halo N-metilimidazol derivata M. EL Borai, A. H. Moustafa, M. Anwar i A. G. Ghattas N crr3 m /i I 0 s/3 4.01 s/3 3.96 s/3 3.69 s/3 4.02 s/3 3.96 Opisana su tri nacina sinteze bromformil imidazola. Prvi se sastoji u prevodenju brom ili jod imidazola u dietilacetale i n aknadnoj hidrolizi u formil derivate. U dru-gom nacinu SU bromiranjem formil imidazola s NBS dobiveni spojevi 16-18 u 45-70 postotnom iskoristenju. Treca metoda je direktno formiliranje brom imidazola s n-BuLi/DMF reagensom. KEMIJSKI ODJEL UNIVERZITET TANTA UNIVERZITET AIN SHAMS EGIPAT Pri..ipjelo 25. prosinca 1979. 

Synthesis of New Formyl Halo N-methylimidazole Derivatives

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