Surface structuring of fused silica with asymmetric femtosecond laser pulse bursts

Fused silica surface structuring has been performed using temporally shaped femtosecond laser pulses. For this purpose we have designed pulse bursts with a triangular intensity envelope and different slope sign and interpulse separation that were experimentally generated using a home-made temporal pulse shaper. We have found that pulse bursts with decreasing intensity envelopes are remarkably more efficient in terms of surface ablation than bursts with increasing intensity envelopes. The results reveal that laser energy coupling in the material is enhanced as the interpulse spacing decreases. A study of the ablation depth using stretched single pulses was carried out and compared to results obtained for pulse bursts with different interpulse spacing. We find that the deepest crater was achieved with bursts of 0.5 ps interpulse separation and decreasing envelope. This pulse form also induced the largest change of the surface reflectivity after irradiation. The results are discussed in terms of how the laser energy coupling efficiency is linked to the temporal pulse shape. © 2013 Optical Society of America.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish TEC2011-22422 project. J. H.-R. acknowledges a grant awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Peer Reviewe

Circuito integrado para comunicaciones en sistemas de ascensores

El circuito ASIC descrlto es una unidad de comunicaciones destinada a sistemas de ascensores. Este diseño reduce en gran medida de las necesidades de cableado que encarece la instalación de los sistemas de ascensores. Por un único canal de fibra óptica pueden comunicarse hasta un máximo de 31 chips, cada uno de los cuales controla los distintos contactos, pulsadores e identificadores de piso y cabina. El circuito se encuentra actualmente en producción con resultados satisfactorios. Esta realización se enmarca dentro de la acción GAME (acción especial del programa ESPRIT) y ha sido desarrollado en colaboración con la empresa de Mecanismos y Accesorios MAC S.A

ASITRON: ASIC for indirect vector control of induction motors with fuzzy logic based speed regulation

This paper presents ASITRON, an integrated solution for the vector control of induction motors. This ASIC is a micro-system that integrates, in a chip, all the logic required by the indirect vector control method. ASITRON implements a PWM based current control loop, the measure of speed based on a biphase pulse signal encoder, a fuzzy logic based speed and position outer control loop and a microprocessor external parallel interface. A built-in 64-rules fuzzy logic controller can be programmed to deal with the speed or position outer control loop. This integrated solution is the essential part of a compact, high performance, industrial control system for elevators

Independent control of beam astigmatism and ellipticity using a SLM for fs-laser waveguide writing

We have used a low repetition rate (1 kHz), femtosecond laser amplifier in combination with a spatial light modulator (SLM) to write optical waveguides with controllable cross-section inside a phosphate glass sample. The SLM is used to induce a controllable amount of astigmatism in the beam wavefront while the beam ellipticity is controlled through the propagation distance from the SLM to the focusing optics of the writing setup. The beam astigmatism leads to the formation of two separate diskshaped foci lying in orthogonal planes. Additionally, the ellipticity has the effect of enabling control over the relative peak irradiances of the two foci, making it possible to bring the peak irradiance of one of them below the material transformation threshold. This allows producing a single waveguide with controllable cross-section. Numerical simulations of the irradiance distribution at the focal region under different beam shaping conditions are compared to in situ obtained experimental plasma emission images and structures produced inside the glass, leading to a very satisfactory agreement. Finally, guiding structures with controllable crosssection are successfully produced in the phosphate glass using this approach. © 2009 Optical Society of America.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under TEC2008-01183 project. A. R. and W. G. acknowledge their I3P-CSIC postdoctoral con- tracts (co-funded by the European Social Fund). D. P. and A. F. acknowledge their grants under Projects TEC 2005-00074 and TEC 2006-04538.Peer Reviewe

Circuito integrado ASIC para el control vectorial-borroso de un motor de inducción destinado a accionamiento de tráfico vertical

Con este trabajo se describe el diseño de un circuito integrado ASIC para el Control Vectorial-Borroso de un Motor de Inducción Des­tinado a Accionamiento de Tráfico Vertical. Se presentan, además, algunos resultados de simu­lación para la optimización del diseño desde el punto de vista del número de puertas. Estas si­mulaciones se han realizado mediante lenguaje de alto nivel utilizándose un modelo real del motor de inducción junto con el inversor trifásico encargado de su accionamiento y se ha simulado el compor­tamiento del diseño ASIC con todas sus discreti­zaciones y retardos. Esta realización se enmarca dentro de la acción GAME (acción especial del programa ESPRIT) y ha sido desarrollado en cola­boración con la empresa Mecanismos y Accetiorios MAC S.A. Para ello se ha hecho uso de la herra­mientas de diseño VHDL SINOPSYS y programa de placement y routing CADENCE

Amphibians and reptiles as palaeonvironmental proxies during the Late Pleistocene (MIS3): The case of Stratigraphic Unit V of El Salt, Alcoi, Spain

The locality of El Salt (Alcoi, Spain) is a key site for understanding the extirpation of Neanderthals in the eastern part of Iberia. In this paper, we analyse an assemblage of amphibians and reptiles from Stratigraphic Unit V (45.2 ± 3.4 ka to 44.7 ± 3.4 ka), which corresponds to one of the last regional records of Neanderthals, to improve knowledge of the palaeoecology and palaeoclimate of this event. The assemblage comprises three anurans (Pelodytes sp., Alytes obstetricans, and Epidalea calamita), two lizards (Lacertidae indet. and Chalcides bedriagai), and five snakes (Colubridae indet., Coronella sp., Coronella sp./Zamenis sp., Natrix maura, and Vipera latastei). Palaeoclimatic reconstruction, based on the Mutual Ecogeographic Range method, indicates that climate was cooler and slightly wetter climate than the present day climate of the Alcoi area. Applying the Habitat Weighting Method, we infer that the area surrounding El Salt was dominated by open dry regions, alternating with rocky areas with scarce scrubs and forest patches that would have developed under mesomediterranean conditions. These results are not entirely consistent with those obtained with other proxies (charcoal and small mammal assemblages) from the same site, which suggest slightly warmer and drier conditions. We hypothesise that these divergences may be partly related to the current wide distribution of reptiles and amphibians across Iberia. A key finding is that the extirpation of the Neanderthals in Iberia coincided with aridification.Fil: Marquina Blasco, Rafael. Universidad de Valencia; España. Museu Valencià D’història Natural; EspañaFil: Fagoaga, Ana. Universidad de Valencia; España. Museu Valencià D’història Natural; EspañaFil: Crespo Roures, Vicente Daniel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Museo Paleontológico de Alpuente; EspañaFil: Bailon, Salvador. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Histoire naturelle de l’Homme prehistorique; FranciaFil: Mallol, Carolina. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Hernández, Cristo M.. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Galván, Bertila. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Ruiz Sánchez, Francisco Javier. Universidad de Valencia; España. Museu Valencià D’història Natural; España. Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena; Ecuado

Integrated solution for induction motor control

The command speed has an 'S' shape, typical in vertical operation systems. The reason for this command speed is that a soft acceleration/deceleration avoids abrupt movements in the elevator cabin, increasing the comfort level. A Fuzzy-logic based controller for the speed and position control based on an ASIC design

Erratum to “Palaeoecological context for the extinction of the Neanderthals: A small mammal study of Stratigraphic Unit V of the El Salt site, Alcoi, eastern Spain” [Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 530 (2019) 163–175]

El Salt is an important reference site for understanding the extinction of Neanderthal populations in the eastern Iberian Peninsula during MIS 3. In this paper, we describe the small mammal assemblage from Stratigraphic Unit V, the youngest unit with evidence of human presence, based on nearly 1300 specimens. A total of seven rodents (Microtus arvalis, Microtus duodecimcostatus, Microtus cabrerae, Sciurus vulgaris, Arvicola sapidus, Eliomys quercinus and Apodemus sylvaticus), three insectivores (Talpa occidentalis, Crocidura sp., Sorex sp.) and one lagomorph (Oryctolagus cf. cuniculus) were identified. Palaeocological analyses point to drier conditions in this part of the stratigraphic sequence, supporting the hypothesis that an aridification scenario may have played a role in the extinction of the Neanderthal groups inhabiting this region of the Iberian Peninsula.Fil: Fagoaga, Ana. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Laplana, César. Museo Arqueológico Regional de la Comunidad de Madrid; EspañaFil: Marquina Blasco, Rafael. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Machado, Jorge. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Marin Monfort, María Dolores. Universidad de Valencia; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Geológico del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geología. Instituto Geológico del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Crespo Roures, Vicente Daniel. Universidad de Valencia; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Museo Paleontológico de Alpuente; EspañaFil: Hernández, Cristo M.. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Mallol, Carolina. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Galván, Bertila. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Ruiz Sánchez, Francisco Javier. Universidad de Valencia; España. Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena; Ecuado

Seasonal climate predictions in support of water reservoirs management in Spain

Póster presentado en: 1st Climateurope festival celebrado en Valencia, del 5 al 7 de abril de 2017.This work has been partially funded by the FP7 EUPORIAS projec

Expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins in epicardial adipose tissue in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus: preliminary study

[Abstract] Objectives: Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) genes are crucial in lipid biosynthesis and cardiovascular homeostasis. Their expression in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and their influence in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus remain to be determined. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of SREBP genes in EAT in patients with CAD according to diabetes status and its association with clinical and biochemical data. Methods: SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 mRNA expression levels were measured in EAT from 49 patients with CAD (26 with diabetes) and 23 controls without CAD or diabetes. Results: Both SREBPs mRNA expression were significantly higher in patients with CAD and diabetes (p<0.001) and were identified as independent cardiovascular risk factor for coronary artery disease in patients with type-2 diabetes (SREBP-1: OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.1-2.5, p=0.02; SREBP-2: OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.2-3, p=0.02) and were independently associated with the presence of multivessel CAD, left main and anterior descending artery stenosis, and higher total and LDL cholesterol levels, and lower HDL cholesterol levels, in patients with CAD and diabetes. Conclusions: SREBP genes are expressed in EAT and were higher in CAD patients with diabetes than those patients without CAD or diabetes. SREBP expression was associated as cardiovascular risk factor for the severity of CAD and the poor lipid control. In this preliminary study we suggest the importance of EAT in the lipid metabolism and cardiovascular homeostasis for coronary atherosclerosis of patients with diabetes and highlight a future novel therapeutic target.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI13/02542Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI11/01661Red de Investigación Cardiovascular; RD12/0042/003