Postpartum physico sexual problems and related factors

زمینه و هدف: آگاهی از مشکلات فیزیکی - جنسی بعد از زایمان و عوامل مرتبط با آن می تواند در مراقبت های بعد از زایمان مد نظر و بکار گرفته شود. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مشکلات فیزیکی ـ جنسی بعد از زایمان و عوامل مرتبط با آن انجام گردیده است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش یک مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و در آن 384 نفر از زنانی که برای اولین بار بعد از زایمان به 12 مرکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر اصفهان مراجعه کرده بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه خود ساخته مشتمل بر 3 قسمت مشخصات فردی، باروری و مشکلات فیزیکی - جنسی بود که به روش مصاحبه حضوری گردآوری گردید و با استفاده از روشهای آماری توصیفی و استنباطی (آزمون تی مستقل و مجذور کا) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اکثریت زنان (6/77) مورد پژوهش دچار مشکلات فیزیکی ـ جنسی می باشند، به طوری که 2 از خشکی واژن در هنگام فعالیت جنسی، 7/3 از درد و ناراحتی پرینه (در محل اپی زیوتومی یا پارگی)، 5/14 از فقدان یا کاهش میل جنسی، 9/24 از احساس خستگی و 9/54 از ترکیبی از مشکلات شاکی بودند. با افزایش تعداد زایمان، تعداد فرزندان و مدت ازدواج، مشکلات فیزیکی ـ جنسی کاهش می یابد (05/0

Patient Satisfaction with Nursing and Medical Care in Hospitals Affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2009

Background: Patient satisfaction is essential and must be taken into account when decisions are being made about changes and enhancements to services. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to assess patient satisfaction with the medical and nursing services provided to patients admitted to teaching hospitals affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2009. The study population consisted of all patients admitted to the study setting. The instrument consisted of a demographic questionnaire and patient satisfaction questionnaire. Study data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Pearson's and Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. Results: In terms of the medical and nursing care provided, 67% and 69% of the participants were satisfied, respectively. The ‘access to opportune nursing care’ and ‘physician’s manner’ items received 82.7% and 81.7% of scores, respectively. Satisfaction with medical and nursing care was significantly correlated with the participants’ education levels (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The study showed that patient satisfaction was at an average level, therefore, policy makers in the organizations should consider customer-based feedback and apply various methods to improve it

Approaches in biotechnological applications of natural polymers

Natural polymers, such as gums and mucilage, are biocompatible, cheap, easily available and non-toxic materials of native origin. These polymers are increasingly preferred over synthetic materials for industrial applications due to their intrinsic properties, as well as they are considered alternative sources of raw materials since they present characteristics of sustainability, biodegradability and biosafety. As definition, gums and mucilages are polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates consisting of one or more monosaccharides or their derivatives linked in bewildering variety of linkages and structures. Natural gums are considered polysaccharides naturally occurring in varieties of plant seeds and exudates, tree or shrub exudates, seaweed extracts, fungi, bacteria, and animal sources. Water-soluble gums, also known as hydrocolloids, are considered exudates and are pathological products; therefore, they do not form a part of cell wall. On the other hand, mucilages are part of cell and physiological products. It is important to highlight that gums represent the largest amounts of polymer materials derived from plants. Gums have enormously large and broad applications in both food and non-food industries, being commonly used as thickening, binding, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing agents and matrices for drug release in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, their gelling properties and the ability to mold edible films and coatings are extensively studied. The use of gums depends on the intrinsic properties that they provide, often at costs below those of synthetic polymers. For upgrading the value of gums, they are being processed into various forms, including the most recent nanomaterials, for various biotechnological applications. Thus, the main natural polymers including galactomannans, cellulose, chitin, agar, carrageenan, alginate, cashew gum, pectin and starch, in addition to the current researches about them are reviewed in this article.. }To the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfíico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for fellowships (LCBBC and MGCC) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nvíel Superior (CAPES) (PBSA). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) (JAT)

Broad beam electron gun: an experimental approach

Electron curtain accelerator is a type of low-energy electron accelerator, which plays an important role in many different industries such as printing, coating and packing to promote product quality, while reducing volatile organic compounds for protecting global environment. Electron emitter is one of the main components of this type of accelerators. Multi-filament cathodes and grid structures within filament housing have been designed carefully to generate uniform broad beam distribution. Compared to single filament &nbsp;cathode, multi-filament cathodes are more preferred in width expansion and beam uniformity. Distortion of linear filament due to thermal expansion is one of the major problems in this type of electron source. The aim of this study is to design and fabricate an appropriate mechanical system to maintain the filament in its initial shape and position when heating. In addition, dependence of emitted electrons on anode voltage (at constant cathode temperature), as well as dependence of emitted electrons on filament current (at constant anode voltage) have been experimentally investigated. &nbsp; &nbsp