Programa de habitação/reabilitação do centro histórico de São Luís do Maranhão, Brasil (2000-2003)

A cidade de São Luís, capital do Estado do Maranhão, situada na região nordeste do Brasil, possui um valioso acervo de arquitetura civil, remanescente dos séculos XVIII e XIX. Esse legado arquitetônico, que se concentra na Praia Grande e Desterro, bairros mais antigos da cidade, compõe hoje o centro histórico de São Luís, tombado (classificado) pelo governo federal e estadual e inscrito, em 1997, na Lista de Patrimônio Mundial. No século XX, o Maranhão passou por um longo período de estagnação econômica, e a partir de 1950, com a expansão urbana da cidade, a população abandonou a área mais antiga para residir em outros bairros da cidade. Como conseqüência, os sobrados e solares que antes abrigavam a elite, uma vez abandonados, foram, ao poucos, se transformando em ruínas. Para reverter o processo de arruinamento de alguns imóveis, foi elaborado o Programa de Habitação no Centro Histórico de São Luís, executado no período de 2000 a 2003, pelo governo do estado, como o objetivo de reabilitar prédios históricos de propriedade do governo do estado, para habitação e comércio, considerando a vocação da área e os investimentos em infra-estruturas já efetuados. Foram reabilitados cinco sobrados edificados nos séculos XVIII e XIX, em estado precário de conservação, que tiveram seus espaços internos transformados em lojas no pavimento térreo, e apartamentos nos pavimentos superiores, somando no total 18 lojas e 30 apartamentos. Os apartamentos foram destinados, por meio de sorteio, a funcionários públicos do estado. Para participar do Programa, os candidatos tinham que trabalhar no centro histórico, não possuir imóveis na cidade e ganhar até cinco salários mínimos. Numa avaliação mais geral, o Programa teve aprovação da maioria dos seus usuários.The city of São Luís, capital of Maranhão, located in northeastern Brazil, has a valuable collection of civil architecture, remnants of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This architectural legacy, mainly in Praia Grande and Desterro, the oldest neighborhoods of the city, belonging to the historic center of São Luís, classified by the national and state governments, being included in the World Heritage List, in 1997. In the twentieth century, Maranhão went through a long period of economic stagnation, and from 1950 with the expansion of the town, the population moves from the old center area to other city neighborhoods. As a result, houses that once sheltered the nobility, were abandoned, and are gradually turning into ruins. To reverse the degradation process, it was implemented the Programa de Habitação, directed to the Historic Center of São Luís, between 2000 and 2003 by the state government, aimed to: rehabilitate historic buildings owned by the state government, converting them into housing and shops, according to the specificity of the surrounding area and to the infrastructures investment already made. Five houses from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in a critical conservation state were rehabilitated, being their spaces converted into shops on the ground floor and apartments on upper floors. In total, 18 shops and 30 apartments were created. The apartments were allocated, through a gamble, to state public officials. To participate in the program, applicants had to work in the historical city center, not owning any property in the city, and earn monthly up to five times the minimum salary. From a general assessment, the program was positively appreciated by most users

Recreational Use of Protected Areas: Spatiotemporal Insights from the Wikiloc Mobile App

Managing the rising number of visitors to protected areas (PAs) without compromising their environmental goals is a critical challenge that requires a complete understanding of how and when visitors use these spaces. Georeferenced data from fitness-tracking apps can provide detailed information about the visitor’s spatiotemporal behaviour inside PAs, but its potential is still underexplored. This study uses georeferenced data, from Wikiloc, to analyse the visitors’ spatiotemporal behaviour in Alvão Natural Park, Portugal. Our findings show that: 52% of the visitors’ use is concentrated around the Fisgas de Ermelo Waterfall; photos’ hotspots coincide with the waterfalls and viewpoints facing them; 2% of the routes crossed a zone where recreational use is illegal; Spring (26%) and April (11%) receive the most visitors; 52% of routes are done on the weekends; 66% of visitors are inside the park during noon; start/end places are located near parking spaces; the most frequent times to start a route are between 08:00-13:00 hrs, ending between 13-18:00 hrs. A new method was developed to calculate daily visitor numbers without photo concentration bias. These results offer valuable insights that can aid in PAs' environmental and recreational use management by quickly providing detailed and low-cost visitor monitoring data

Determinants of maternal health care and birth outcome in the Dande Health and Demographic Surveillance System area, Angola

Objectives Maternal health care improvement and reduction of maternal and child mortality are priorities of the global health agenda. In Angola, maternal mortality remains high and the risk of pregnancy-related death was 1 in 32 during 2015. This study aims to identify demographic and social factors influencing antenatal care and health facility delivery among women in Dande and to understand their impact on birth outcomes. Methods This study is based on community–based longitudinal data collected by the Dande Health and Demographic Surveillance System between 2009 and 2015. Data on pregnancy outcomes (10,289 outcomes of 8,066 women) were collected for all reported pregnancies, including sociodemographic information, health services utilisation and women’s reproductive history. Logistic regression was used to investigate the determinants of birth outcomes, antenatal care attendance and institutionalised delivery. Findings Of the 10,289 pregnancy outcomes, 98.5% resulted in live births, 96.8% attended antenatal care, and 82.5% had four or more visits. Yet, 50.7% of the women delivered outside a health facility. Antenatal care attendance was a determinant of birth outcomes (stillbirth: unadjusted OR = 0.34 95% CI = 0.16–0.70; abortion: OR = 0.07 95% CI = 0.04–0.12). Older women, with lower education, living at a greater distance of a health facility and in rural areas, were less likely to use maternal health care. Having had previous pregnancies, namely resulting in live births, also decreased the likelihood of health care utilization by pregnant women. Conclusions The study identifies relevant social determinants for the utilisation of antenatal care, place of delivery and their impact on birth outcome, thereby providing insight on how best to address inequities in health care utilization.The core funding of all CISA activities has been provided by Camões - Portuguese Institute for Cooperation and Language, by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, by the Angolan Ministry of Health and by the Bengo Province Government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Coaching in pharmaceutical sciences

Poster presented at the European Association of Faculties of Pharmacy Annual Conference. 15-17 May 2019, Krakow, PolandN/

Classroom teachers’ perception about physical education and physical activity: A typology

Introduction: According to the socioecological model teachers may act as facilitators or barriers in a school physical activity (PA) program. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize classroom teachers’ perceptions about Physical Education (PE). Methods: 297 teachers answered a questionnaire about PE past experience, status, aims, and academic benefits of PA. The Multiple Correspondence Analysis was used aiming to identify teachers’ profiles. Results: Dimension 1 combines the view that the PA affects academic achievement (AA) with the idea that PE must be optional or compulsory, but non-examinable. In dimension 2 the biggest difference is between a standard that refers to a relatively neutral position in relation to PA (PE as important for promotion of healthy lifestyles associated with the idea that PA does not affect AA, and PE should be compulsory but non-examinable), as opposed to positions, either in favour (PA benefits AA and PE should be compulsory and examinable) or against PA (PE should be optional). The joint analysis of the two dimensions allowed to identify three distinct patterns of teacher’s perceptions which made possible to build a typology, regardless the cluster they belong to. Considering their personal experience teachers make a misjudgment of PE in schools they attended specially in cluster 3. As for the relation between PA and AA, most teachers say that the PA benefits AA (65% in cluster 1; 96% in cluster 2). In cluster 3, 70% of the teachers say that PA impairs AA. Conclusions: These results support the importance of the earliest good experiences in PE, in generating positive attitudes towards PE. PE teachers should explain to other teachers that PA does not affect academic performance, and that PA prevents deviant behaviours.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Local knowledge management and innovation spillover

Tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs play an essential role in the innovation and competitiveness of tourist destinations. However, existing knowledge about the determinants of the innovation they generate is far from being fully exploited. There is still little knowledge about the innovation spillover effect, which is a determining factor for the destination's competitiveness. One of the key factors for innovation results from local knowledge management and the ability of tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs to turn this knowledge into innovation. To test the role of knowledge management in innovation and spillover, a survey was conducted on a sample of 115 tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs, with the hypotheses tested using structural equations. The results reveal that place attachment and knowledge acquisition have a direct effect on knowledge assimilation and community-centered strategy. Furthermore, it was also found that community-centered strategy and knowledge assimilation play a mediating role between place attachment and innovation capacity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hierarchical Spatial Organization of Geographical Networks

In this work we propose the use of a hirarchical extension of the polygonality index as a means to characterize and model geographical networks: each node is associated with the spatial position of the nodes, while the edges of the network are defined by progressive connectivity adjacencies. Through the analysis of such networks, while relating its topological and geometrical properties, it is possible to obtain important indications about the development dynamics of the networks under analysis. The potential of the methodology is illustrated with respect to synthetic geographical networks.Comment: 3 page, 3 figures. A wokring manuscript: suggestions welcome