4,578 research outputs found
New Entrants versus Incumbents in the Emerging On-Line Financial Services Complex
The emergence of electronic commerce complexes raises important questions regarding competence building and leveraging, both for practitioners and strategy scholars. Competences of brick-and-mortar incumbents (large and mature players) are being challenged by new entrants' click-and-mortar or click-and-click business models. The implications of this challenge for the financial services industry - as for many other industries - are only starting to become clear. In this paper we contribute to these initial understandings by developing a conceptual framework that considers which strategies incumbents and new entrants might adopt to improve their competitiveness. We identify four relevant organizational types in the emerging on-line financial services complex. For each of these types we outline how ties to sponsoring organizations can be used as a buffer against environmental turbulence and as a bridge towards changing stakeholder perspectives.legitimacy;e-commerce;co-evolution;competence building and leveraging;on-line financial services complex
Speech register influences listenersâ word expectations
We utilized the N400 effect to investigate the influence of speech register on predictive language processing. Participants listened to long stretches (4 â 15 min) of naturalistic speech from different registers (dialogues, news broadcasts, and read-aloud books), totalling approximately 50,000 words, while the EEG signal was recorded. We estimated the surprisal of words in the speech materials with the aid of a statistical language model in such a manner that it reflected different predictive processing strategies; generic, register-specific, or recency-based. The N400 amplitude was best predicted with register-specific word surprisal, indicating that the statistics of the wider context (i.e., register) influences predictive language processing. Furthermore, adaptation to speech register cannot merely be explained by recency effects; instead, listeners adapt their word anticipations to the presented speech register
In search of an appropriate abstraction level for motif annotations
In: Proceedings of the 2012 Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative, (pp. 22-28).
Properties of Galaxy Groups in the SDSS: I.-- The Dependence of Colour, Star Formation, and Morphology on Halo Mass
Using a large galaxy group catalogue constructed from the SDSS, we
investigate the correlation between various galaxy properties and halo mass. We
split the population of galaxies in early types, late types, and intermediate
types, based on their colour and specific star formation rate. At fixed
luminosity, the early type fraction increases with increasing halo mass. Most
importantly, this mass dependence is smooth and persists over the entire mass
range probed, without any break or feature at any mass scale. We argue that the
previous claim of a characteristic feature on galaxy group scales is an
artefact of the environment estimators used. At fixed halo mass, the luminosity
dependence of the type fractions is surprisingly weak: galaxy type depends more
strongly on halo mass than on luminosity. We also find that the early type
fraction decreases with increasing halo-centric radius. Contrary to previous
studies, we find that this radial dependence is also present in low mass
haloes. The properties of satellite galaxies are strongly correlated with those
of their central galaxy. In particular, the early type fraction of satellites
is significantly higher in a halo with an early type central galaxy than in a
halo of the same mass but with a late type central galaxy. This phenomenon,
which we call `galactic conformity', is present in haloes of all masses and for
satellites of all luminosities. Finally, the fraction of intermediate type
galaxies is always ~20 percent, independent of luminosity, independent of halo
mass, independent of halo-centric radius, and independent of whether the galaxy
is a central galaxy or a satellite galaxy. We discuss the implications of all
these findings for galaxy formation and evolution.Comment: 28 pages, 15 figures. Submitted for publication in MNRA
Broad expertise retrieval in sparse data environments
Expertise retrieval has been largely unexplored on data other than the W3C collection. At the same time, many intranets of universities and other knowledge-intensive organisations offer examples of relatively small but clean multilingual expertise data, covering broad ranges of expertise areas. We first present two main expertise retrieval tasks, along with a set of baseline approaches based on generative language modeling, aimed at finding expertise relations between topics and people. For our experimental evaluation, we introduce (and release) a new test set based on a crawl of a university site. Using this test set, we conduct two series of experiments. The first is aimed at determining the effectiveness of baseline expertise retrieval methods applied to the new test set. The second is aimed at assessing refined models that exploit characteristic features of the new test set, such as the organizational structure of the university, and the hierarchical structure of the topics in the test set. Expertise retrieval models are shown to be robust with respect to environments smaller than the W3C collection, and current techniques appear to be generalizable to other settings
Identification and parameter-varying decoupling of a 3-DOF platform with manipulator
The paper describes identification and a new parameter-varying decoupling method for a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) platform with a manipulator on top of it, which is magnetically levitated by 9 voice-coil actuators. The identification has been performed in closed-loop using two different indirect approaches. In the first approach time-domain data of the system were processed using Ho-Kalman algorithm. The second approach was based on frequency-response measurements. The 3 DOFs of the platform are coupled and the coupling is even varying as the manipulator on top is moving. In order to design separate SISO controllers for each DOF of the platform, a new decoupling method has been developed which uses frequency response measurements of the system obtained for different positions of the manipulator
Boards of DirectorsââŹâ˘ Contribution to Strategy: A Literature Review and Research Agenda
Manuscript Type: Literature review.Research Question/Issue: Over the last four decades, research on the relationship between boards of directors and strategy has proliferated. Yet to date there is little theoretical and empirical agreement regarding the question of how boards of directors contribute to strategy. This review assesses the extant literature by highlighting emerging trends and identifying several avenues for future research.Research Findings/Insights: Using a content-analysis of 150 articles published in 23 manage-ment journals until 2007, we describe and analyze how research on boards of directors and strategy has evolved over time. We illustrate how topics, theories, settings and sources of data interact and influence insights about board-strategy relationships during three specific periods.Theoretical/Academic Implications: Our study illustrates that research on boards of directors and strategy evolved from normative and structural approaches to behavioral and cognitive approaches. Our results encourage future studies (i) to examine the impact of institutional and context-specific factors on the (expected) contribution of boards to strategy, and (ii) to apply alternative methods to fully capture the impact of board processes and dynamics on strategy-making.Practical/Policy Implications: The increasing interest in boards of directorsââŹâ˘ contribution to strategy echoes a movement towards more strategic involvement of boards of directors. However, best governance practices and the emphasis on board independence and control may hinder the board contribution to the strategic decision-making. Our study invites investors and policy-makers to consider the requirements for an effective strategic task when they nominee board members and develop new regulations.boards of directors;contribution to strategy;literature review
Active noise compensation for multichannel magnetocardiography in an unshielded environment
A multichannel high-T/sub c/-SQUID-based heart scanner for unshielded environments is under development, Outside a magnetically shielded room, sensitive SQUID measurements are possible using gradiometers. However, it is difficult to realize large-baseline gradiometers in high-T/sub c/ materials, Therefore, the authors developed two active noise compensation techniques. In the Total Field Compensation technique, a Helmholtz type coil set is placed around the sensors. One magnetometer is used as a zero detector controlling the compensation current through the coil set. For Individual Flux Compensation, the reference signal is sent to the separate SQUIDs (or their flux transformer circuits) to compensate the local environmental noise fluxes, The latter technique was tested on low-T/sub c/ rf-SQUID magnetometers, each sensor set to a field resolution SQUID magnetometers, i.e. 0.1 pT/sub RMS///spl radic/Hz. The authors were able to suppress the environmental disturbances to such an extent that magnetocardiograms could be recorded in an ordinary environment. Here the two suppression techniques are described and experimental results are presente
Weak Lensing by Galaxies in Groups and Clusters: I.--Theoretical Expectations
Galaxy-galaxy lensing is rapidly becoming one of the most promising means to
accurately measure the average relation between galaxy properties and halo
mass. In order to obtain a signal of sufficient signal-to-noise, one needs to
stack many lens galaxies according to their property of interest, such as
luminosity or stellar mass. Since such a stack consists of both central and
satellite galaxies, which contribute very different lensing signals, the
resulting shear measurements can be difficult to interpret. In the past,
galaxy-galaxy lensing studies have either completely ignored this problem, have
applied rough isolation criteria in an attempt to preferentially select
`central' galaxies, or have tried to model the contribution of satellites
explicitely. However, if one is able to {\it a priori} split the galaxy
population in central and satellite galaxies, one can measure their lensing
signals separately. This not only allows a much cleaner measurement of the
relation between halo mass and their galaxy populations, but also allows a
direct measurement of the sub-halo masses around satellite galaxies. In this
paper, we use a realistic mock galaxy redshift survey to show that galaxy
groups, properly selected from large galaxy surveys, can be used to accurately
split the galaxy population in centrals and satellites. Stacking the resulting
centrals according to their group mass, estimated from the total group
luminosity, allows a remarkably accurate recovery of the masses and density
profiles of their host haloes. In addition, stacking the corresponding
satellite galaxies according to their projected distance from the group center
yields a lensing signal that can be used to accurate measure the masses of both
sub-haloes and host haloes. (Abridged)Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRA
- âŚ