Интерактивная обработка изображений, получаемых посредством лазерного монитора в режиме реального времени

В ходе исследования необходимо было создать устройство позиционирования объекта в системе лазерного монитора. В процессе исследования проводилось исследование алгоритмов определения резкости изображения. На основе выбранного метода был разработан алгоритм автоматической фокусировки изображения. Также был разработан алгоритм системы слежения за объектом на основе алгоритма нормированной кросскорреляции. В результате исследования удалось снизить искажения, вносимые оптической системой лазерного монитора и активной оптической средой, и организовать систему автоматической фокусировки изображения и систему слежения, позволяющую отслеживать перемещение объекта наблюдения с точностью до 1 пикселя.In the study, it was necessary to create a device object positioning system for the laser monitor. The study surveyed algorithms determine the sharpness of the image. Based on the selected method algorithm for automatic focus of the image was developed. There was also designeded a tracking system for the object of the algorithm based on normalized cross-correlation method. The study was able to reduce the distortions introduced by the optical system of the laser and monitor the active optical medium, and to organize a system of auto focus and image tracking system to track the movement of the object of observation up to 1 pixel

Конверсия попутных нефтяных газов С3-С4 в жидкие углеводороды на модифицированных цеолитных катализаторах

Исследованы влияние модифицирования цеолита типа MFI и активированные плазмой, на кислотные и каталитические свойства в конверсии пропан-бутановой фракции в арены.The effect of modification of MFI zeolite activated by plasma on acid and catalytic properties in the conversion of the propane-butane fraction into arenes was investigated

The MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) 2.0 Knee Score and Atlas

Objective Since the first introduction of the MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) score, significant progress has been made with regard to surgical treatment options for cartilage defects, as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of such defects. Thus, the aim of this study was to introduce the MOCART 2.0 knee score — an incremental update on the original MOCART score — that incorporates this progression. Materials and Methods The volume of cartilage defect filling is now assessed in 25% increments, with hypertrophic filling of up to 150% receiving the same scoring as complete repair. Integration now assesses only the integration to neighboring native cartilage, and the severity of surface irregularities is assessed in reference to cartilage repair length rather than depth. The signal intensity of the repair tissue differentiates normal signal, minor abnormal, or severely abnormal signal alterations. The assessment of the variables "subchondral lamina," "adhesions," and "synovitis" was removed and the points were reallocated to the new variable "bony defect or bony overgrowth." The variable "subchondral bone" was renamed to "subchondral changes" and assesses minor and severe edema-like marrow signal, as well as subchondral cysts or osteonecrosis-like signal. Overall, a MOCART 2.0 knee score ranging from 0 to 100 points may be reached. Four independent readers (two expert readers and two radiology residents with limited experience) assessed the 3 T MRI examinations of 24 patients, who had undergone cartilage repair of a femoral cartilage defect using the new MOCART 2.0 knee score. One of the expert readers and both inexperienced readers performed two readings, separated by a four-week interval. For the inexperienced readers, the first reading was based on the evaluation sheet only. For the second reading, a newly introduced atlas was used as an additional reference. Intrarater and interrater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and weighted kappa statistics. ICCs were interpreted according to Koo and Li; weighted kappa statistics were interpreted according to the criteria of Landis and Koch. Results The overall intrarater (ICC = 0.88, P < 0.001) as well as the interrater (ICC = 0.84, P < 0.001) reliability of the expert readers was almost perfect. Based on the evaluation sheet of the MOCART 2.0 knee score, the overall interrater reliability of the inexperienced readers was poor (ICC = 0.34, P < 0.019) and improved to moderate (ICC = 0.59, P = 0.001) with the use of the atlas. Conclusions The MOCART 2.0 knee score was updated to account for changes in the past decade and demonstrates almost perfect interrater and intrarater reliability in expert readers. In inexperienced readers, use of the atlas may improve interrater reliability and, thus, increase the comparability of results across studies

Comparison of 1.0 M gadobutrol and 0.5 M gadopentate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI in 471 patients with known or suspected renal lesions: Results of a multicenter, single-blind, interindividual, randomized clinical phase III trial

The purpose of this phase III clinical trial was to compare two different extracellular contrast agents, 1.0 M gadobutrol and 0.5 M gadopentate dimeglumine, for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with known or suspected focal renal lesions. Using a multicenter, single-blind, interindividual, randomized study design, both contrast agents were compared in a total of 471 patients regarding their diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity to correctly classify focal lesions of the kidney. To test for noninferiority the diagnostic accuracy rates for both contrast agents were compared with CT results based on a blinded reading. The average diagnostic accuracy across the three blinded readers ('average reader') was 83.7% for gadobutrol and 87.3% for gadopentate dimeglumine. The increase in accuracy from precontrast to combined precontrast and postcontrast MRI was 8.0% for gadobutrol and 6.9% for gadopentate dimeglumine. Sensitivity of the average reader was 85.2% for gadobutrol and 88.7% for gadopentate dimeglumine. Specificity of the average reader was 82.1% for gadobutrol and 86.1% for gadopentate dimeglumine. In conclusion, this study documents evidence for the noninferiority of a single i.v. bolus injection of 1.0 M gadobutrol compared with 0.5 M gadopentate dimeglumine in the diagnostic assessment of renal lesions with CE-MRI

The benefits of strength training on musculoskeletal system health: practical applications for interdisciplinary care

Global health organizations have provided recommendations regarding exercise for the general population. Strength training has been included in several position statements due to its multi-systemic benefits. In this narrative review, we examine the available literature, first explaining how specific mechanical loading is converted into positive cellular responses. Secondly, benefits related to specific musculoskeletal tissues are discussed, with practical applications and training programmes clearly outlined for both common musculoskeletal disorders and primary prevention strategies