Uso de promotores de crescimento para cabritos leiteiros, fase de aleitamento.

A fase de aleitamento de cabritos leiteiros esta inserida no periodo de seu maior potencial de crescimento. Nesta fase, os animais sao susceptiveis as enterites (diarreias) de origem alimentar e/ou infecciosa, consideradas como a principais causas de baixo desempenho de cabritos. Assim, este experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito de promotores de crescimento sobre o desempenho de cabritos leiteiros, na fase de aleitamento. Foram utilizados 30 crias, femeas, sendo 15 da raca Saanen e 15 da raca Anglo-Nubiana. Os animais foram aleitados com leite de vaca durante todo o periodo experimental e receberam capim elefante e concentrado ad libitum a partir de 15 dias de idade. Os tratamentos foram: T1= leite de vaca, T2= leite de vaca+salinomicina e T3= leite de vaca+probiotico. Os resultados mostraram que nao houve diferenca (P>0,05) entre tratamentos. Os valores encontrados para ganho de peso (g/animal/dia) e para peso ao desaleitamento (Kg) foram: 126,5 126,8, 122,4 e 10,2, 10,4 e 10,0, respectivamente. Nao foi observado ocorrencia de enterite nos animais. Entre raca, tambem, nao foi detectada diferenca (P>0,05) significativa. [Use of growth promotors for dairy kids, at the suckling phase]. The suckling phase of dairy kids is the period of higher potential for growth. In this phase, the animals are susceptible to the alimentary and infectious enteritis. These types of enteritis are the principal cause of low kid's performance. So, this experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of growth promoters on performance of dairy kids during the suckling phase. Thirty females kids of the Anglo-nubiana breed (15) and of the Saanen breed (15) were used. The animals were artificially reared with cow milk, during the trial and they received napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) and concentrate ad libitum after 15 days of age. The treatments were T1 - cow milk, T2 - cow milk + salinomicine T3 - cow milk + probiotic. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among treatments and breed. The values to weight gain (g/animal/day) and wean weight (kg/animal) were 126.5, 126.8, 122.4 e 10.2, 10.4 e 10.0, respectively. There was not enteritis in animals

QTLs for resistance to soybean cyst nematode, races 3, 9, and 14 in cultivar Hartwig.

The objective of this work was to identify major and minor-effect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to races 3, 9, and 14 of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in Hartwig cultivar; to map new resistance QTLs for these races; and to check for the existence of epistatic interactions between QTLs. Cultivar Hartwig is an important resistance source to SCN. Recombinant inbred lines (RIL) obtained from a cross between 'Hartwig' (resistant) and Y23 (susceptible) were evaluated regarding resistance to the three races. New genomic regions for resistance to SCN were identified by microsatellites. Four QTLs, which explained between 12 and 34% of phenotypic variance, were detected for resistance to race 3 in linkage groups (LG) A2, G, J, and M. The QTL in LG G is also important for resistance to race 9. Epistatic interactions were detected between loci, which indicate resistance to races 9 and 14. There are high and low-effect resistance QTLs to SCN.Título em português: QTLs de resistência ao nematoide do cisto da soja, raças 3, 9 e 14 na cultivar Hartwig

Avaliação e seleção de porta-enxertos de cajueiro anão precoce.

O cultivo de cajueiro anao precoce ... Atualmente, encontram-se disponiveis para cultivo seis clones de cajueiro anao precoce, dos quais somente quatro sao explorados comercialmente para copa ...bitstream/CNPAT-2010/5382/1/Pa-075.pd

Validation of microsatellite markers for assisted selection of soybean resistance to cyst nematode races 3 and 14.

ABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to validate microsatellite markers associated with resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) races 3 and 14, in soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes, for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) programs. Microsatellites of soybean linkage groups A2, D2 and G were tested in two populations, and their selection efficiencies were determined. The populations were 65 F2:3 families from Msoy8001 (resistant) x Conquista (susceptible) cross, and 66 F2:3 families of S5995 (resistant) x Renascença (susceptible) cross, evaluated for resistance to races 3 and 14, respectively. Families with female index up to 30% were considered moderately resistant. Markers of A2 and G linkage groups were associated with resistance to race 3. Markers Satt309 and GMENOD2B explained the greatest proportion of phenotypic variance in the different groups. The combinations Satt309+GMENOD2B and Satt309+Satt187 presented 100% selection efficiency. Resistance to race 14 was associated with markers of G linkage group, and selection efficiency in the Satt309+Satt356 combination was 100%. The selection differential obtained by phenotypic and marker assisted selection showed that both can result in similar gains. RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi validar marcadores microssatélites associados à resistência às raças 3 e 14 do nematóide-de-cisto (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) da soja (Glycine max L.), para serem utilizados em programas de seleção assistida por marcadores moleculares (SAM). Microssatélites dos grupos de ligação A2, D2 e G da soja foram testados em duas populações, e suas eficiências de seleção foram determinadas. As populações foram 65 famílias F2:3,do cruzamento Msoy8001 (resistente) x Conquista (suscetível), e 66 famílias F2:3, do cruzamento S5995 (resistente) x Renascença (suscetível), avaliadas para a resistência às raças 3 e 14, respectivamente. Famílias com índice de fêmeas de até 30% foram consideradas moderadamente resistentes. Marcadores dos grupos de ligação A2 e G apresentaram associação com a resistência à raça 3. Os marcadores Satt309 e GMENOD2B explicaram a maior proporção da variância fenotípica nos diferentes grupos. As combinações Satt309+GMENOD2B e Satt309+Satt187 apresentaram eficiência de seleção de 100%. A resistência à raça 14 foi associada com marcadores do grupo de ligação G, e a eficiência de seleção da combinação Satt309+Satt356 foi de 100%. Os diferenciais de seleção fenotípica e de seleção assistida mostraram que os dois tipos de seleção podem proporcionar ganhos similares

Manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura do algodoeiro.

bitstream/CNPA/18291/1/CIRTEC96.pd

Yerba mate aqueous extract improves the oxidative and inflammatory states of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis

Healthy and adjuvant-induced arthritic rats were treated for 23 days with daily doses of 400 and 800 mg kg−1 Ilex paraguariensis extract. This treatment (a) diminished the ROS levels in the liver and brain, (b) decreased oxidative protein and lipid damage in liver and brain, (c) increased the plasma antioxidant capacity, (d) increased the GSH levels and the GSH/GSSH ratio in both the liver and the brain, (e) almost restored the enzymatic activities linked to the metabolism of GSH–GSSG, and (f ) reversed the modified activities of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The anti-inflammatory actions (firstly) and the antioxidant actions (in the second place) of the yerba mate constituents (e.g., chlorogenic acid derivatives) are the causes of these beneficial effects. Daily ingestion of traditional yerba mate beverages may be effective in attenuating the symptoms of inflammatory diseases, especially in older adults.This work was financially supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-307944/2015-8), Coordenação do Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES) and Fundação Araucária. The authors are also indebted to Jailson Araújo Dantas for his technical assistance and to Dr Ciomar A. B. Amado for facilitating access to equipment of the Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department of the State University of Maringá. The authors are also grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013) and L. Barros contract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of coffee reference genes for relative expression studies by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-13T00:45:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SP19769ID31946.pdf: 204740 bytes, checksum: f0768334e0a23ef537d95e7f8c6fcea5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-1

Removal of Paracetamol and Cu2+ from Water by Using Porous Carbons Derived from Agrowastes

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Dende and babassu coconuts are largely used in tropical countries, namely in Brazil, for the extraction of oils from kernels. The remaining biowastes are industrially processed to produce porous carbons (PCs). PCs derived from dende and babassu biowastes and produced at an industrial scale have been characterized by textural, chemical, and ecotoxicological parameters. A commercial activated carbon (CC) of mineral origin has been used as a benchmarking material. Although the CC sample presented a higher surface area (SBET = 1083 m2/g), the PCs derived from the biowastes were richer in micropores (Vmicro = 0.25–0.26 cm3/g), while the CC carbon presented wider pore size distribution with a higher mesopore volume (Vmeso = 0.41 cm3/g). All the adsorbents used in this work have shown a non-acute ecotoxic behavior for the bacterium Vibrio fischeri (EC50-30 min > 99% v/v). The adsorbents have been tested for paracetamol and Cu2+ adsorption in mono- and bicomponent solutions. The uptake capacities of paracetamol (qe, 98–123 mg g−1) and Cu2+ (qe, 15–18 mg g−1) from monocomponent solutions were similar to the ones obtained in the bicomponent solutions, indicating no competition or cooperative effects but a site-specific adsorption. This finding represents an advantage for the removal of these adsorbates when present in the same solution as they can be adsorbed under similar rates as in the single systems. Paracetamol adsorption was related to micropore filling, π-π interactions, and H-bonding, whereas Cu2+ removal was attributed to the cation exchange mechanism and complexation to the hydroxyl groups at the carbons’ surface.publishersversionpublishe