The influence of Widmanstätten ferrite, martensite and grain boundary carbides on the strength and impact behaviour of high Al (0.2%) and Nb containing hot rolled steels

The influence of Al and Nb on the strength and impact behaviour of hot rolled 0.06%C, 1.4%Mn steels has been determined after hot rolling to 15 and 30 mm thick plate. When 0.16%Al was added to the plain C-Mn steel, the impact behaviour significantly improved even though Widmanstätten ferrite (WF) was present. This improvement was due to refinement of the grain boundary carbides and removing the N from solution as AlN. The hot rolled steels all contained WF but when Nb was added more WF formed as well as MA giving poor impact behaviour. Reducing the hardenability from that shown in previous work by decreasing C from 0.1 to 0.06%, Nb from 0.03 to 0.02%, and cooling rate from 33 to 17 K/min had no effect in improving the impact performance of hot rolled Nb steels. To ensure optimum properties not only is it necessary to reduce the hardenability, but WF formation must be discouraged by having a high Ar3. This can only be presently achieved by refining the austenite grain size via control rolling the Nb containing steels; the benefit of adding Al can then, readily be seen. Suggestions are made as to how this might be achieved for hot rolling

Size-tuneable nanometric MRI contrast agents for the imaging of molecular weight dependent transport processes

Purpose: To evaluate size-tuneable nanomeric glycol-chitosan-DTPA-Gd conjugates as MRI contrast agents for the imaging of molecular weight (MW) dependent transport processes. Material & Methods: Glycol chitosans (GC) – DTPA conjugates of precisely controlled MWs were synthesised and evaluated in mice against Gd-DTPA using times series of high-resolution MRI images of trunk, head, and xenograft flank tumours. All animal studies were approved by the local ethics committee and the UK authorities. Results: GC-DTPA modification ratio was one DTPA per 3.9 – 5.13 of GC monomers. GC-DTAPGd provided overall superior contrast compared to Gd-DTPA with the duration of the enhancement depending on MW (≥ 1h for 40kD). Kidneys showed early enhancement also in the renal pelvis suggesting renal elimination. Imaging of the head with GC-DTPA-Gd allowed detailed anatomical identification of specific blood vessels in particular with the high MW agent. Sequential high-resolution isotropic imaging of established A431 xenograft flank tumours with DTPA-Gd and GC-DTPA-Gd demonstrated that the initial delivery of the contrast agents was well correlated with blood supply. Subsequent tissue transport was primarily by diffusion and was limited by molecular weight. The data also highlight the role of heterogeneity in CA distribution that was again more prominent for the high MW agent. Conclusion: GC-DTPA-Gd with identical physical chemical properties but precisely controlled MW allow isotropic high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of molecular weight dependent transport processes which could potentially lead to clinical biomarkers for molecular weight dependent drug transport and support selection of suitable tumour models for pre-clinical development

Preparando estudantes da Pós-Graduação para a indústria e aprendizado para a vida: uma abordagem baseada em projeto

Este estudo de caso baseia-se em projetos que têm uma dimensão de mundo real, em que os alunos estão mais propensos a adquirir as competências e habilidades que a indústria exige. Informações de base são apresenta- das, relacionando vínculos entre a academia, a indústria e o papel dos projetos dos estudantes. Os dados são provenien- tes de programas de computação em nível de mestrado, da Universidade de Sunderland, e dos projetos desenvolvidos por cada um dos estudantes. Uma abordagem específica permitiu que centenas de projetos bem sucedidos, realiza- dos anualmente com o setor da indústria, fossem descritos juntamente com a avaliação de sua eficácia em dar aos alunos uma formação de competência para a vida

Organizational Assessment and Development Guide for Regional Associations

This publication was originally a product of The Regional Initiative, a 1992-1995special project cosponsored by the Council on Foundations and twenty-four of the nation's regional associations of grantmakers (RAGs). The purpose of the Initiative was to enhance the capacity of regional associations to meet their members' needs, by building both management and program effectiveness. The Initiative's long-term goal was to strengthen regional associations as agents of organized philanthropy in American life

Oxidation Reduction Potential of Developing Plaque, Periodontal Pockets and Gingival Sulci

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141573/1/jper0630.pd

Unleashing the Potential of University Entrepreneurship Education: A Mandate for a Broader Perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the ways in which traditional views of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship have inadvertently limited entrepreneurship education. The authors propose a broader view of what it means to be an entrepreneur and describe a disruptive approach to entrepreneurship education, one that centers around building students’ entrepreneurial mindset. By tapping into students’ “inner entrepreneur” and nurturing their abilities to think and act creatively, embrace failure, effect change and be resilient, the authors are preparing them for the challenges of the twenty-first century labor market. Design/methodology/approach – This is a perspective paper about how the traditional views of entrepreneurship education may be limiting its potential to create entrepreneurial college graduates set to take on twenty-first century careers. Findings – Teaching the entrepreneurial mindset and process will allow us, as educators, to best prepare our students for the complexities of the current and future workforce. Originality/value – By embracing the original meanings of the word “entrepreneur” – an act of reaching out and capturing and undertaking – the authors demystify what it means to be an entrepreneur. When we adopt a broader and more accurate conceptualization of “the entrepreneur,” we can teach our students to be the entrepreneurs of their lives