1,184 research outputs found
Empirical description of beta-delayed fission partial half-lives
Background: The process of beta-delayed fission (bDF) provides a versatile
tool to study low-energy fission in nuclei far away from the beta-stability
line, especially for nuclei which do not fission spontaneously. Purpose: The
aim of this paper is to investigate systematic trends in bDF partial
half-lives. Method: A semi-phenomenological framework was developed to
systematically account for the behavior of bDF partial half-lives. Results: The
bDF partial half-life appears to exponentially depend on the difference between
the Q value for beta decay of the parent nucleus and the fission-barrier energy
of the daughter (after beta decay) product. Such dependence was found to arise
naturally from some simple theoretical considerations. Conclusions: This
systematic trend was confirmed for experimental bDF partial half-lives spanning
over 7 orders of magnitudes when using fission barriers calculated from either
the Thomas-Fermi or the liquid-drop fission model. The same dependence was also
observed, although less pronounced, when comparing to fission barriers from the
finite-range liquid-drop model or the Thomas-Fermi plus Strutinsky Integral
method.Comment: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Spin-flip processes and ultrafast magnetization dynamics in Co - unifying the microscopic and macroscopic view of femtosecond magnetism
The femtosecond magnetization dynamics of a thin cobalt film excited with
ultrashort laser pulses has been studied using two complementary pump-probe
techniques, namely spin-, energy- and time-resolved photoemission and
time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Combining the two methods it is
possible to identify the microscopic electron spin-flip mechanisms responsible
for the ultrafast macroscopic magnetization dynamics of the cobalt film. In
particular, we show that electron-magnon excitation does not affect the overall
magnetization even though it is an efficient spin-flip channel on the sub-200
fs timescale. Instead we find experimental evidence for the relevance of
Elliott-Yafet type spin-flip processes for the ultrafast demagnetization taking
place on a time scale of 300 fs.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted by Physical Review Letter
Розрахунок кумулянтів і параметрів функції розподілу методом Монте-Карло та із рівняння для неї
Calculations results of the moments, central moments, cumulants and parameters of the distribution function of a beam of ions implanted in a solid body were analyzed. To analyze the differences between the results of modeling this process by the Monte Carlo method, which is widely used for practically important targets, and the results of the solution of the corresponding integrodifferential equations that describe ions distribution analytically, in the simple case of axial symmetry of the ion beam, when all moments of odd order along the transverse Cartesian coordinate is considered equal to zero due to the symmetry of the problem. It is shown that the same moments obtained by the Monte Carlo method is not exactly equal to zero, but slowly decrease with an increase in the number of ions, as predicted by statistics, and then remain approximately constant. Increasing the number of ions for Monte Carlo simulation reduces the statistical component of this error, but does not affect on the component arising from the application of a simplified model of ion-atom collisions.
Pages of the article in the issue: 112 - 115
Language of the article: UkrainianПроаналізовано результати розрахунку моментів, центральних моментів, кумулянтів та параметрів функції розподілу пучка іонів імплантованих у тверде тіло. Для аналізу відмінностей між результатами моделювання цього процесу методом Монте-Карло, який широко використовується для практично важливих мішеней, та результатами розв’язку інтегродиференціальних рівнянь, які його описують аналітично, розглянуто випадок осьової симетрії пучка іонів, коли всі моменти непарного порядку по поперечній декартовій координаті рівні нулю в силу симетрії задачі. Показано, що ці ж самі моменти, отримані методом Монте-Карло повільно спадають до нуля із збільшенням кількості іонів, як і передбачається статистикою, і залишаються приблизно сталими
Abrupt changes in alpha decay systematics as a manifestation of collective nuclear modes
An abrupt change in decay systematics around the N=126 neutron shell
closure is discussed. It is explained as a sudden hindrance of the clustering
of the nucleons that eventually form the particle. This is because the
clustering induced by the pairing mode acting upon the four nucleons is
inhibited if the configuration space does not allow a proper manifestation of
the pairing collectivity.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C, a few new references
adde
Shape Coexistence in Pb186: Beyond-mean-field description by configuration mixing of symmetry restored wave functions
We study shape coexistence in Pb186 using configuration mixing of
angular-momentum and particle-number projected self-consistent mean-field
states. The same Skyrme interaction SLy6 is used everywhere in connection with
a density-dependent zero-range pairing force. The model predicts coexisting
spherical, prolate and oblate 0+ states at low energy.Comment: 5 pages REVTEX4, 4 eps figures, accepted by Phys. Lett. B. Revised
version with some polishing of the text without changing its conten
Structural evolution in Pt isotopes with the Interacting Boson Model Hamiltonian derived from the Gogny Energy Density Functional
Spectroscopic calculations are carried out, for the description of the
shape/phase transition in Pt nuclei in terms of the Interacting Boson Model
(IBM) Hamiltonian derived from (constrained) Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB)
calculations with the finite range and density dependent Gogny-D1S Energy
Density Functional. Assuming that the many-nucleon driven dynamics of nuclear
surface deformation can be simulated by effective bosonic degrees of freedom,
the Gogny-D1S potential energy surface (PES) with quadrupole degrees of freedom
is mapped onto the corresponding PES of the IBM. Using this mapping procedure,
the parameters of the IBM Hamiltonian, relevant to the low-lying quadrupole
collective states, are derived as functions of the number of valence nucleons.
Merits of both Gogny-HFB and IBM approaches are utilized so that the spectra
and the wave functions in the laboratory system are calculated precisely. The
experimental low-lying spectra of both ground-state and side-band levels are
well reproduced. From the systematics of the calculated spectra and the reduced
E2 transition probabilities (E2), the prolate-to-oblate shape/phase
transition is shown to take place quite smoothly as a function of neutron
number in the considered Pt isotopic chain, for which the -softness
plays an essential role. All these spectroscopic observables behave
consistently with the relevant PESs and the derived parameters of the IBM
Hamiltonian as functions of . Spectroscopic predictions are also made for
those nuclei which do not have enough experimental E2 data.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Trends of Macroeconomic Models
This article provides an overview and analysis of the ideas of the leading macroeconomists expressed in the issue “Rebuilding Macroeconomic Theory”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy journal. These ideas were expressed in connection with the discussion of the future of macroeconomic models. The motivation for the discussion lies in the poor performance of macroeconomic models before the global economic crisis of 2007–2008 and in the subsequent period of recovery. The main issue considered by economists is the possible changes in the basic neoKeynesian model and DSGE-models as a whole. It was found that there are three directions for the solution of the issue. First, the rejection of the primary role of DSGE-models in the analysis of modern macroeconomics and the use of other types of models. Secondly, the elimination of defciencies of existing models associated with poor justifcation at the micro level, as well as an unsatisfactory description of fnancial frictions. Thirdly, it is possible not to make any targeted efforts, since the class of DSGE-models is still the most efcient. The paper concludes that the second path of development is more preferable
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