ANALISIS KEKUATAN STRUKTUR HOOK CRANE SWL 40 TON DENGAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA

Hook Crane ( kait ) adalah komponen yang sangat penting pada crane, yang berfungsi sebagai alat mengaitkan beban ke crane. Hook Crane tidak boleh mengalami kegagalan struktur pada saat melakukan pengangkatan. Hook Crane dapat mengalami kegagalan struktur disebabkan Hook Crane sudah memasuki masa reject. Pada ASME B30.10 1999, disebutkan dengan detail kriteria reject pada Hook Crane. Melakukan analisa statik struktur untuk mengetahui perbedaan respon antara Hook Crane standard ( Model A ) dan Hook Crane yang sudah memasuki kriteria reject ( Model B ) . Analisa menggunakan batuan software elemen hingga ( ANSYS ) untuk mengetahui nilai Total Deformation, Equivalent ( Von Mises ) Stress, Fatique Sensivity. Hasil perbandingan dua model Hook Crane akan digunakan sebagai dasar bahwa kenapa Hook Crane reject tidak boleh digunakan. Hasil simulasi menggunakan software elemen hingga. Pada pembebanan 100% dari SWL 40 ton. Nilai Total deformation Model A 0.68454 mm, Model B 0.8128 mm. Nilai Equivalent ( Von Mises ) Stress Model A 267.92 Mpa, Model B 301 Mpa. Nilai Fatique Sensivity ( Avalaible Life ) Model A 20,000 kali pengangkatan, Model B 9,000 kali pengangkatan. Dari hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Model A Hook Crane yang masih standard memiliki nilai yang lebih baik dari Hook Crane Model B yang sudah memasuki masa reject. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kriteria reject yang diberikan oleh ASME sangat mempengaruhi dari kekuatan struktur dari Hook Crane. Hook Crane Model B sangat berpotensi untuk mengalami kegagalan struktur,  karena hasil dari simulasi Equivalent ( Von Mises ) Stress sebesar 301 Mpa jauh melibihi dari nilai Yield Strength Material yaitu 240 Mpa

Introduction of a simple experiment for the undergraduate organic chemistry laboratory demonstrating the Lewis acid and shape-selective properties of zeolite Na-Y

A simple, inexpensive, discovery-based experiment for undergraduate organic laboratories has been developed that demonstrates the Lewis acid and shape-selective properties of zeolites. Calcined zeolite Na-Y promotes the electrophilic aromatic bromination of toluene with a significantly higher para/ortho ratio than observed under conventional conditions. The experiment can be completed in one three-hour laboratory period. The zeolite can be recovered and regenerated for later reuse. A broad range of organic course topics from orientation in electrophilic aromatic substitution to photochemistry can be discussed

Social Influences on Peer Judgments about Chronic Pain and Disability

Chronic pain is a leading cause of work absenteeism and disability compensation. Previous work demonstrates that patients with chronic illness often seek advice, such as whether or not to pursue disability benefits, from peers with similar health conditions. The current study examined the extent that social factors influence patients with chronic pain (“peers”) when making disability judgments and recommendations for other patients with chronic pain. Participants (N = 71) made pain-related and disability ratings for fictional vignette patients that varied in weight (normal vs obese), fault of accident, and physical work demands. Results of repeated measures analyses of variance indicated that participants rated patients with obesity, who were not at fault, and who held a physically demanding job as experiencing more severe pain symptoms and disability and were more likely to recommend they seek disability benefits. Participants who had applied for disability benefits themselves rated patients as more disabled than participants who had not applied for disability. These data suggest that patients with chronic pain are influenced by patient and contextual factors when making pain-related and disability judgments for peers. These judgments may impact patient decision making via peer support programs and online forums

NASA's Current Evidence and Hypothesis for the Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure Risk

While 40 years of human spaceflight exploration has reported visual decrement to a certain extent in a subgroup of astronauts, recent data suggests that there is indeed a subset of crewmembers that experience refraction changes (hyperoptic shift), cotton wool spot formation, choroidal fold development, papilledema, optic nerve sheath distention and/or posterior globe flattening with varying degrees of severity and permanence. Pre and postflight ocular measures have identified a potential risk of permanent visual changes as a result of microgravity exposure, which has been defined as the Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure risk (VIIP). The combination of symptoms are referred to as the VIIP syndrome. It is thought that the ocular structural and optic nerve changes are caused by events precipitated by the cephalad fluid shift crewmembers experience during long-duration spaceflight. Three important systems, ocular, cardiovascular, and central nervous, seem to be involved in the development of symptoms, but the etiology is still under speculation. It is believed that some crewmembers are more susceptible to these changes due to genetic/anatomical predisposition or lifestyle (fitness) related factors. Future research will focus on determining the etiology of the VIIP syndrome and development of mechanisms to mitigate the spaceflight risk

STUDI MORFOLOGI ANATOMI STRUKTUR SYRINX AYAM KETAWA USIA 1 BULAN SAMPAI 4 BULAN

2016Ayam Ketawa atau dalam bahasa Bugis dikenal dalam istilah Manu??? Gaga??? yang artinya ayam yang tergagap ??? gagap. Ayam ini merupakan hewan endemik dari Sulawesi Selatan yang termasuk dalam golongan rumpun ayam penyanyi karena memiliki suara kokok yang khas seperti orang tertawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur morfologi anatomi syrinx ayam Ketawa usia 1 ??? 4 bulan. Pengamatan dilakukan secara topografik dan morfologi anatomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam Ketawa Jantan sebanyak 12 ekor, masing ??? masing berjumlah 3 ekor ayam Ketawa di setiap usianya. Pengamatan morfologi anatomi syrinx dilakukan dengan pewarnaan methylen blue. Pada pengamatan topografi dan morfologi anatomi struktur syrinx ayam Ketawa mengalami perkembangan di setiap tahapan pertambahan usianya seperti ukuran syrinx, letak larinx, warna dan ukuran otot. Pada pengamatan skeletal, diketahui bahwa cincin-cincin kartilago yang menyusun organ bronkus, syrinx, dan trakea ayam Ketawa ukurannya mengalami peningkatan dan jarak antar cincin kartilago-nya semakin merenggang sejalan dengan tahapan pertambahan usianya. Struktur membran tympani yang memproduksi suara, luas permukaan dan tingkat ketebalan lapisannya meningkat disetiap tahapan pertambahan usianya. Laju pertubuhan trahea caudalis, panjang pessulus, diameter cartilago dorsoventral I-IV dan panjang membrana tympanum lateral terjadi sangat cepat mulai usia 1 bulan sampai 2 bulan dan mulai melambat pertumbuhannya ketika memasuki usia 2 bulan sampai 4 bulan terkecuali pada panjang pessulus yang laju pertumbuhannya tetap cepat di usia 1 bulan sampai 3 bulan, dan mulai melambat ketika memasuki usia 3 bulan sampai 4 bulan. Sedangkan luas pessulus, diameter cartilago lateolateral I-IV dan luas membrana timpanum lateral laju pertumbuhannya melambat mulai dari usia 1 bulan sampai 4 bulan. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil berdasarkan penelitian ini adalah karakteristik anatomi bronkus, syrinx, trakea dan membran tympani ayam Ketawa dewasa cenderung lebih lentur atau lebih fleksibel dibanding pada ayam Ketawa muda.\ud Kata kunci : Ayam Ketawa, syrinx, topografik, morfologi anatomi

Contexts of diffusion: Adoption of research synthesis in Social Work and Women's Studies

Texts reveal the subjects of interest in research fields, and the values, beliefs, and practices of researchers. In this study, texts are examined through bibliometric mapping and topic modeling to provide a birds eye view of the social dynamics associated with the diffusion of research synthesis methods in the contexts of Social Work and Women's Studies. Research synthesis texts are especially revealing because the methods, which include meta-analysis and systematic review, are reliant on the availability of past research and data, sometimes idealized as objective, egalitarian approaches to research evaluation, fundamentally tied to past research practices, and performed with the goal informing future research and practice. This study highlights the co-influence of past and subsequent research within research fields; illustrates dynamics of the diffusion process; and provides insight into the cultural contexts of research in Social Work and Women's Studies. This study suggests the potential to further develop bibliometric mapping and topic modeling techniques to inform research problem selection and resource allocation.Comment: To appear in proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling, and Prediction (SBP2014

Melanoma induction by ultraviolet A but not ultraviolet B radiation requires melanin pigment

Malignant melanoma of the skin (CMM) is associated with ultraviolet radiation exposure, but the mechanisms and even the wavelengths responsible are unclear. Here we use a mammalian model to investigate melanoma formed in response to precise spectrally defined ultraviolet wavelengths and biologically relevant doses. We show that melanoma induction by ultraviolet A (320–400 nm) requires the presence of melanin pigment and is associated with oxidative DNA damage within melanocytes. In contrast, ultraviolet B radiation (280–320 nm) initiates melanoma in a pigment-independent manner associated with direct ultraviolet B DNA damage. Thus, we identified two ultraviolet wavelength-dependent pathways for the induction of CMM and describe an unexpected and significant role for melanin within the melanocyte in melanomagenesis

Characterisation of the urinary microbiome of a frog, and the effect of antibiotics on bacterial abundance and sperm viability during refrigerated storage

Reproductive technologies are increasingly being adopted to improve the conservation management of threatened species. The storage and transport of sperm is a vital aspect of the practical implementation of reproductive technologies, however, bacterial contamination during the storage and transport of sperm samples presents a biosecurity risk and can contribute to a reduction in sperm longevity during storage. The present study: 1) characterised the urinary microbiome (bacterial species composition and abundance) using culture-independent 16S rRNA sequencing; 2) quantified the effect of various doses of gentamicin and streptomycin-penicillin on bacterial abundance (colony-forming units; CFUs) and; 3) quantified the effect of antibiotic supplementation on the sperm viability (proportion live/dead) of spermic urine during a 12-day cold-storage period, using the common eastern froglet, Crinia signifera. Overall, urine samples were found to host a diverse array of bacteria, dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Bacterial abundance was significantly reduced in all antibiotic treatment groups compared to the control group. Antibiotic supplementation had no effect on sperm viability between day 0 and day 6 of storage, however both antibiotic treatments significantly improved sperm viability from days 9 to 12 of storage compared to the control group. Overall, the results of this study provide novel insight into the urinary microbiome, being the first to use a metagenomics approach to characterise the bacterial community present in the urine of an amphibian. Importantly, this study provides evidence that antibiotic supplementation with either gentamicin or streptomycin-penicillin, minimises bacterial proliferation and improves sperm viability during cold storage. These findings will contribute to the development of biosecurity protocols aimed at reducing the risk of disease transmission and cross-infection from unwanted bacteria and infectious agents in amphibian captive breeding programs