Anforderungen für einen ML- und plattformgestützten Simulationsservice

Today, with the rapid development of new technologies, many industries have adopted them to enhance their performance. Among them, additive manufacturing is known as a rapid manufacturing process that can produce products in a single step, reducing time to market. Since 2019, COVID-19 has caused significant negative impacts on the global supply chain (SC), including shortages of medical goods. Therefore, an agile and flexible medical SC is required. While machine learning (ML) methods are known for using big data to gain valuable insights through forecasting, simulation enables unlimited if-then scenarios to make informed decisions in optimising SC operations. The combination methods between ML and simulation in solving SC issues has not been investigated at a sufficient level. This paper, therefore, aims to explore the advantages of coupling ML with simulation techniques in the SC field by conducting a systematic literature review. Through an expert survey, requirements for a ML and platform-based simulation service will be investigated from a technical point of view to develop a suitable use case in the future

Plattform zur Simulation von energetischen Einflussfaktoren in Matrix-Produktionssystemen

Matrix production systems are designed to be flexible and productive at the same time. This is to be achieved by a modular design and high degree of automation in terms of process control, material transport and work distribution. This also affects the flow of energy which results in a highly variable energetic behaviour of the overall system. This contribution presents a synthetic simulation platform approach to investigate the energetic behaviour of matrix production systems. The setup and modules of the approach are pointed out based on the typical characteristics of matrix production systems. An experiment study is showcased to demonstrate the approach and give an insight into the results of the simulation

Simulation Modeling for Energy-Flexible Manufacturing: Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them

Due to the high share of industry in total electricity consumption, industrial demand-side management can make a relevant contribution to the stability of power systems. At the same time, companies get the opportunity to reduce their electricity procurement costs by taking advantage of increasingly fluctuating prices on short-term electricity markets, the provision of system services on balancing power markets, or by increasing the share of their own consumption from on-site generated renewable energy. Demand-side management requires the ability to react flexibly to the power supply situation without negatively affecting production targets. It also means that the management and operation of production must consider not only production-related parameters but also parameters of energy availability, which further increase the complexity of decision-making. Although simulation studies are a recognized tool for supporting decision-making processes in production and logistics, the simultaneous simulation of material and energy flows has so far been limited mainly to issues of energy efficiency as opposed to energy flexibility, where application-oriented experience is still limited. We assume that the consideration of energy flexibility in the simulation of manufacturing systems will amplify already known pitfalls in conducting simulation studies. Based on five representative industrial use cases, this article provides practitioners with application-oriented experiences of the coupling of energy and material flows in simulation modeling of energy-flexible manufacturing, identifies challenges in the simulation of energy-flexible production systems, and proposes approaches to face these challenges. Seven pitfalls that pose a particular challenge in simulating energy-flexible manufacturing have been identified, and possible solutions and measures for avoiding them are shown. It has been found that, among other things, consistent management of all parties involved, early clarification of energy-related, logistical, and resulting technical requirements for models and software, as well as the application of suitable methods for validation and verification are central to avoiding these pitfalls. The identification and characterization of challenges and the derivation of recommendations for coping with them can raise awareness of typical pitfalls. This paper thus helps to ensure that simulation studies of energy-flexible production systems can be carried out more efficiently in the future

A Time Projection Chamber with GEM-Based Readout

For the International Large Detector concept at the planned International Linear Collider, the use of time projection chambers (TPC) with micro-pattern gas detector readout as the main tracking detector is investigated. In this paper, results from a prototype TPC, placed in a 1 T solenoidal field and read out with three independent GEM-based readout modules, are reported. The TPC was exposed to a 6 GeV electron beam at the DESY II synchrotron. The efficiency for reconstructing hits, the measurement of the drift velocity, the space point resolution and the control of field inhomogeneities are presented.Comment: 22 pages, 19 figure

Simulation Modeling for Energy-Flexible Manufacturing: Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them

Due to the high share of industry in total electricity consumption, industrial demand-side management can make a relevant contribution to the stability of power systems. At the same time, companies get the opportunity to reduce their electricity procurement costs by taking advantage of increasingly fluctuating prices on short-term electricity markets, the provision of system services on balancing power markets, or by increasing the share of their own consumption from on-site generated renewable energy. Demand-side management requires the ability to react flexibly to the power supply situation without negatively affecting production targets. It also means that the management and operation of production must consider not only production-related parameters but also parameters of energy availability, which further increase the complexity of decision-making. Although simulation studies are a recognized tool for supporting decision-making processes in production and logistics, the simultaneous simulation of material and energy flows has so far been limited mainly to issues of energy efficiency as opposed to energy flexibility, where application-oriented experience is still limited. We assume that the consideration of energy flexibility in the simulation of manufacturing systems will amplify already known pitfalls in conducting simulation studies. Based on five representative industrial use cases, this article provides practitioners with application-oriented experiences of the coupling of energy and material flows in simulation modeling of energy-flexible manufacturing, identifies challenges in the simulation of energy-flexible production systems, and proposes approaches to face these challenges. Seven pitfalls that pose a particular challenge in simulating energy-flexible manufacturing have been identified, and possible solutions and measures for avoiding them are shown. It has been found that, among other things, consistent management of all parties involved, early clarification of energy-related, logistical, and resulting technical requirements for models and software, as well as the application of suitable methods for validation and verification are central to avoiding these pitfalls. The identification and characterization of challenges and the derivation of recommendations for coping with them can raise awareness of typical pitfalls. This paper thus helps to ensure that simulation studies of energy-flexible production systems can be carried out more efficiently in the future

MHz data collection of a microcrystalline mixture of different jack bean proteins

Design Type(s)protocol testing objectiveMeasurement Type(s)protein structure dataTechnology Type(s)x ray crystallographyFactor Type(s)Sample Characteristic(s)Canavalia Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format

Megahertz data collection from protein microcrystals at an X-ray free-electron laser

The European X-ray free-electron laser (EuXFEL) in Hamburg is the first megahertz (MHz) repetition rate XFEL. Here the authors use lysozyme crystals and microcrystals from jack bean proteins and demonstrate that damage-free high quality data can be collected at a MHz repetition rate

A time projection chamber with GEM-based readout

International audienceFor the International Large Detector concept at the planned International Linear Collider, the use of time projection chambers (TPC) with micro-pattern gas detector readout as the main tracking detector is investigated. In this paper, results from a prototype TPC, placed in a 1T solenoidal field and read out with three independent Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based readout modules, are reported. The TPC was exposed to a 6GeV electron beam at the DESY II synchrotron. The efficiency for reconstructing hits, the measurement of the drift velocity, the space point resolution and the control of field inhomogeneities are presented