The Impact of Reproductive and Birth Technologies on Health, Fertility and Labor Outcomes

Access to reproductive health including care during pregnancy and childbirth is paramount for mothers, children and families worldwide. Despite the rapid use of reproductive and birth technologies, multiple questions regarding the impact of this technological advancement still remain. This thesis addresses these issues by focusing on the causal and long-term effects including health indicators, fertility outcomes, female empowerment and labor market outcomes. In the first chapter, I study the causal impacts of planned Cesarean section for high risk births on health, future fertility and labor market responses. In the second chapter, we examine the passage of a reform to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures, mandating single embryo transfer as default. In the last chapter, we study the effect from abortion legalization in Mexico City on fertility, contraceptive use and female empowerment

The Impact of Abortion Legalization on Fertility and Maternal Mortality: New Evidence from Mexico

We examine the effect of a large-scale, free, elective abortion program implemented in Mexico City in 2007. Prior to this program, all states and districts in Mexico had very limited, or no, access to elective abortion. A localized reform in Mexico City resulted in a sharp increase in the request and use of early term elective abortions: approximately 90,000 abortions were administered by public health providers in the four years following the reform, versus only 62 in the five years preceding the reform. We provide evidence using national vital statistics data from Mexico covering over 23 million births and over 11,000 cases of maternal deaths. Our difference-in-difference estimates suggest that this program resulted in a reduction in births by 2.3 to 3.8% among women aged 15-44 and by 5.1 to 7.1% among teenage women (15-19 year-olds). Similar results are found for maternal mortality, for which we find a sharp fall in the rate of maternal deaths, by 8.8 to 16.2% for women aged 15-44 and by 14.9 to as much as 30.3% among teenagers. All told, the reform appears to increase the average age of women at first birth, and reduce the number of mothers giving birth at higher parities.JEL: J13, I15, I18, O1

Religiösa ceremonier och riter i min Musik : implementering och effekter

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Hur professionella skådespelare beskriver sin yrkesverksamhet

Att vara skådespelare är ett yrke som kräver stort engagemang, både fysiskt och psykiskt. Skådespelaryrket sker i en kreativ process som bygger på samarbete och gemenskap. Teaterföreställningar är magiska ögonblick som inte går att reproducera. Forskning kring skådespelares yrkesverksamhet är begränsad. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur professionella skådespelare beskriver sin yrkesverksamhet. I studien deltog sex skådespelare, tre män och tre kvinnor. Samtliga var professionellt verksamma inom teater och/eller film. Studien baserades på sex halvstrukturerade intervjuer där deltagarna besvarade framförallt frågor om motivation, status, yrkesval samt fördelar och nackdelar med yrket. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med tematisk innehållsanalys. Analysen resulterade i fyra huvudteman: arbetsvillkor, bekräftelse, tillhörighet och lust. Resultaten är i linje med tidigare forskning om arbetets mening för konstnärliga yrken