11 research outputs found
Solar Radio Bursts with Spectral Fine Structures in Preflares
A good observation of preflare activities is important for us to understand
the origin and triggering mechanism of solar flares, and to predict the
occurrence of solar flares. This work presents the characteristics of microwave
spectral fine structures as preflare activities of four solar flares observed
by Ond\v{r}ejov radio spectrograph in the frequency range of 0.8--2.0 GHz. We
found that these microwave bursts which occurred 1--4 minutes before the onset
of flares have spectral fine structures with relatively weak intensities and
very short timescales. They include microwave quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP)
with very short period of 0.1-0.3 s and dot bursts with millisecond timescales
and narrow frequency bandwidths. Accompanying these microwave bursts, there are
filament motions, plasma ejection or loop brightening on the EUV imaging
observations and non-thermal hard X-ray emission enhancements observed by
RHESSI. These facts may reveal certain independent non-thermal energy releasing
processes and particle acceleration before the onset of solar flares. They may
be conducive to understand the nature of solar flares and predict their
occurrence
Paradoxes of stabilisation. Bosnia and Herzegovina from the perspective of Central Europe. OSW Report, March 2016
On 15 February 2016 Bosnia and Herzegovina applied for membership of the European Union. This was the result of the new policy strategy which the EU introduced in 2014, aimed at unblocking BiH’s integration process and encouraging local elites to accelerate the reform process. Despite a formal application to the EU, the main internal problems of BiH remain the same - local politicians focus more on the power struggle and enhancing ethnic division than on reform and this is hampering the economic development of one of the poorest countries in Europe. For these reasons this report is devoted to analysing the internal challenges to the stability, coherence and unity of the country. Special attention was also placed on examining the interest and strategies of the various international actors since they can hinder or support the reform process