Calidad del sueño del personal de enfermería en atención primaria y especializada

Introducción: el personal de enfermería es un colectivo que en numerosas ocasiones trabaja a turnos rotatorios, incrementando esto el riesgo de padecer alteraciones a nivel fisiológico y psicológico. Objetivo: analizar la influencia de la turnicidad en la calidad del sueño en el personal de enfermería comparando una muestra de enfermeros/as que trabajan a turnos en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital Universitario de León con respecto a profesionales de atención primaria del centro de salud de José aguado de León, que trabajan a turno fijo de mañanas o tardes. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, un total de 96 enfermeros/ as con edades entre 24 y 65 años fueron divididos en dos grupos (turno rotatorio y turno fijo de mañana o tarde). El instrumento utilizado fue el índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh. Se realizó un análisis bivariante mediante la prueba de χ² para establecer diferencias entre ambos grupos. Resultados: ambos grupos presentaban una calidad subjetiva del sueño «bastante mala», obteniendo puntuaciones de 8,3 para el trabajo a turnos vs. 5,8 para turno fijo. El grupo que trabajaban a turnos duermen una media de 5,3 horas frente a las 7,5 horas en atención primaria. Se aprecian diferencias significativas en la latencia del sueño, alteraciones del sueño y el uso de medicamentos para dormir, siendo resultados más negativos para el grupo que trabaja a turnos. Conclusiones: el trabajo a turnos rotatorio produce una mala calidad del sueño en comparación con los turnos fijos, mostrando un sueño más reparador el personal de atención primaria frente a los enfermeros/ as de urgencias

Educação física escolar e conteúdos: uma análise comparativa

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os conteúdos da Educação Física Escolar e sua importância na opinião de alunos e ex-alunos. Foram entrevistados quatro Sujeitos, divididos em dois Grupos: Grupo 1, com dois indivíduos entre 13 e 15 anos, que fazem Educação Física atualmente e Grupo 2, com dois indivíduos entre 42 e 45 anos, que fizeram Educação Física por volta dos anos 70.          Metodologia. Os resultados obtidos no Grupo 1 demonstram que tinham como conteúdo prioritário o futebol e as modalidades esportivas tradicionais, que queriam conteúdos diversificados e/ou diferentes e alegam que a Educação Física não teve  importância nenhuma, mas que gostavam das aulas, pois era um momento diferente, ou seja, de “lazer”. Já os resultados do Grupo 2 mostram que os indivíduos vivenciaram uma Educação Física tradicional, davam grande importância aos conteúdos, carregavam consigo boas lembranças das aulas, fizeram muitos amigos, aprenderam alguns jogos, desenvolveram habilidades motoras e atitudes de amizade e de respeito. Logo, essa análise das duas gerações nos permite perceber que, independente do conteúdo, o que faz a Educação Física significativa é a postura compromissada do profissional em relação ao desenvolvimento de seus alunos de maneira integral

Nuevos registros y listados de abejas sin aguijón (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) en el corredor biológico Paso del Istmo de Rivas, Nicaragua

Stingless bees are important to ecosystems for their ecological role as pollinators. Little is known about their diversity in Nicaragua. This study presents the first inventory of stingless bees in the Paso del Istmo de Rivas biological corridor, Nicaragua, in the municipalities of Cárdenas, San Juan del Sur and Rivas. Targeted samplings were carried out over thirty-one collecting events at flowering plants in the three municipalities in different agroecosystems. Sampling was done using insect nets at flowering plants visited by bees. A search was made for bibliographic material that shows records of stingless bees and thus updating the species reported in Nicaragua. In total, 109 specimens corresponding to 11 genera and 21 species were collected. The genera Plebeia Schwarz, 1938, Scaptotrigona Moure, 1942, Partamona Schwarz, 1939 and Trigona Jurine, 1807 predominate. In addition, the species Nannotrigona perilampoides (Cresson, 1878), Partamona bilineata (Say, 1837), Plebeia moureana Ayala, 1999, Scaura argyrea (Cockerell, 1912), Trigona nigerrima Cresson, 1878, Trigona muzoensis Schwarz, 1948 as new records for the country, increasing to 35 species of stingless bees recorded in Nicaragua.Las abejas sin aguijón son importantes para los ecosistemas por su papel ecológico como polinizadores. En Nicaragua se sabe poco acerca de su diversidad. En este trabajo, se realizó el primer inventario de abejas sin aguijón en el corredor biológico Paso del Istmo de Rivas, Nicaragua, en los municipios de Cárdenas, San Juan del Sur y Rivas. Se realizaron 31 muestreos dirigidos en plantas en floración en los tres municipios en diferentes agroecosistemas. La colecta se hizo con la técnica de red entomológica principalmente en plantas en floración visitadas por las abejas. Se hizo búsqueda de material bibliográfico que demuestren registros de abejas sin aguijón, actualizando de esta manera las especies reportadas en Nicaragua. En total, se colectaron 109 ejemplares correspondiendo a 11 géneros y 21 especies. Predominan los géneros Plebeia Schwarz, 1938, Scaptotrigona Moure, 1942, Partamona Schwarz, 1939 y Trigona Jurine, 1807. Además, se reportan las especies Nannotrigona perilampoides (Cresson, 1878), Partamona bilineata (Say, 1837), Plebeia moureana Ayala, 1999, Scaura argyrea (Cockerell, 1912), Trigona nigerrima Cresson, 1878, Trigona muzoensis Schwarz, 1948 como nuevos registros para el país, incrementando a 35 especies de abejas sin aguijón registradas en Nicaragua

Worldwide trends in the burden of asthma symptoms in school-aged children: Global Asthma Network Phase I cross-sectional study

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children globally. The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I study aimed to determine if the worldwide burden of asthma symptoms is changing. Methods: This updated cross-sectional study used the same methods as the International study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III. Asthma symptoms were assessed from centres that completed GAN Phase I and ISAAC Phase I (1993–95), ISAAC Phase III (2001–03), or both. We included individuals from two age groups (children aged 6–7 years and adolescents aged 13–14 years) who self-completed written questionnaires at school. We estimated the 10-year rate of change in prevalence of current wheeze, severe asthma symptoms, ever having asthma, exercise wheeze, and night cough (defined by core questions in the questionnaire) for each centre, and we estimated trends across world regions and income levels using mixed-effects linear regression models with region and country income level as confounders. Findings: Overall, 119 795 participants from 27 centres in 14 countries were included: 74 361 adolescents (response rate 90%) and 45 434 children (response rate 79%). About one in ten individuals of both age groups had wheeze in the preceding year, of whom almost half had severe symptoms. Most centres showed a change in prevalence of 2 SE or more between ISAAC Phase III to GAN Phase I. Over the 27-year period (1993–2020), adolescents showed a significant decrease in percentage point prevalence per decade in severe asthma symptoms (–0·37, 95% CI –0·69 to –0·04) and an increase in ever having asthma (1·25, 0·67 to 1·83) and night cough (4·25, 3·06 to 5·44), which was also found in children (3·21, 1·80 to 4·62). The prevalence of current wheeze decreased in low-income countries (–1·37, –2·47 to –0·27], in children and –1·67, –2·70 to –0·64, in adolescents) and increased in lower-middle-income countries (1·99, 0·33 to 3·66, in children and 1·69, 0·13 to 3·25, in adolescents), but it was stable in upper-middle-income and high-income countries. Interpretation: Trends in prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms over the past three decades varied by age group, country income, region, and centre. The high worldwide burden of severe asthma symptoms would be mitigated by enabling access to effective therapies for asthma. Funding: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Boehringer Ingelheim New Zealand, AstraZeneca Educational Grant, National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council, European Research Council, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Trends in eczema prevalence in children and adolescents: A Global Asthma Network Phase I Study

Background: Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a major global public health issue with high prevalence and morbidity. Our goal was to evaluate eczema prevalence over time, using standardized methodology. Methods: The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I study is an international collaborative study arising from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC). Using surveys, we assessed eczema prevalence, severity, and lifetime prevalence, in global centres participating in GAN Phase I (2015–2020) and one/ both of ISAAC Phase I (1993–1995) and Phase III (2001–2003). We fitted linear mixed models to estimate 10-yearly prevalence trends, by age group, income, and region. Results: We analysed GAN Phase I data from 27 centres in 14 countries involving 74,361 adolescents aged 13–14 and 47,907 children aged 6–7 (response rate 90%, 79%). A median of 6% of children and adolescents had symptoms of current eczema, with 1.1% and 0.6% in adolescents and children, respectively, reporting symptoms of severe eczema. Over 27 years, after adjusting for world region and income, we estimated small overall 10-year increases in current eczema prevalence (adolescents: 0.98%, 95% CI 0.04%–1.92%; children: 1.21%, 95% CI 0.18%–2.24%), and severe eczema (adolescents: 0.26%, 95% CI 0.06%–0.46%; children: 0.23%, 95% CI 0.02%–0.45%) with larger increases in lifetime prevalence (adolescents: 2.71%, 95% CI 1.10%–4.32%; children: 3.91%, 95% CI 2.07%–5.75%). There was substantial heterogeneity in 10-year change between centres (standard deviations 2.40%, 0.58%, and 3.04%), and strong evidence that some of this heterogeneity was explained by region and income level, with increases in some outcomes in high-income children and middle-income adolescents. Conclusions: There is substantial variation in changes in eczema prevalence over time by income and region. Understanding reasons for increases in some regions and decreases in others will help inform prevention strategies

Graduação em Educação Física: qualidade a partir do aprimoramento da docência universitária

En Brasil, desde los años 1990, las institutos de enseñanza superior pasan por procesos de evaluación, tanto internos cuanto externos. Observamos la creación de comisiones o de instrumentos para evaluación interna y de comisiones de especialistas para evaluación externa. Juntamente, la expansión de la enseñanza superior ha ampliado la búsqueda de docentes competentes y con titulación. Todo ese contexto vuelve urgente la discusión sobre la Universidad en la Sociedad del Conocimiento. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: Discutir la inserción de la Universidad en la Sociedad del Conocimiento y presentar los caminos que la FEF-Mackenzie viene construyendo. Concluyendo, compromiso e inversiones en la formación docente son factores decisivos encontrados en esa construcción

Signo de McConnell en el diagnóstico ecocardiográfico del tromboembolismo pulmonar. A propósito de un caso.

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 38 años de edad con disnea de súbita aparición. Sediagnostica tromboembolismo pulmonar sobre la base de los hallazgos ecocardiográficos, enparticular, por la presencia delsigno de Mc Connell. El diagnóstico se confirmó posteriormentemediante la tomografía multicortes

Signo de Mc Connell en el diagnóstico ecocardiográfico del Tromboembolismo Pulmonar. A propósito de un caso. McConnell sign in the echocardiography diagnosis of the pulmonary embolism. Regarding a case.

The case of a 38 years old patient with sudden shortness of breath is presented. The diagnosisof Pulmonary Embolism was suggested by the echocardiogram, especially by Mc Connell’ssign. Shortly thereafter the condition was confirmed by computed tomography

Identification and characterization of a new oncogene derived from the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

p85/p110 phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a heterodimer composed of a p85-regulatory and a p110-catalytic subunit, which is involved in a variety of cellular responses including cytoskeletal organization, cell survival and proliferation. We describe here the cloning and characterization of p65-PI3K, a mutant of the regulatory subunit of PI3K, which includes the initial 571 residues of the wild type p85alpha-protein linked to a region conserved in the eph tyrosine kinase receptor family. We demonstrate that this mutation, obtained from a transformed cell, unlike previously engineered mutations of the regulatory subunit, induces the constitutive activation of PI3K and contributes to cellular transformation. This report links the PI3K enzyme to mammalian tumor development for the first time