Fractura-luxación de Galeazzi, con epifisiolisis cubital distal e interposición tendinosa.

Una rara variante no descrita de la fractura-luxación de Galeazzi, con afectación de la epífisis del cúbito, cuya reducción estaba impedida por la interposición del tendón Extensor Carpi Ulnaris, (extensor cubital del carpo). Los autores presentan un caso y revisan la literatura, así como su solución quirúrgica y resultado obtenido.An unusual variant of Galeazzi's fracture-luxation involving the distal ulnar epiphysis, whos e reduction was impeded by the interposition of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU) tendom. Presentation of a case and revision of the current literature

Afectación ósea severa en reticulohistiosis multicéntrica, una enfermedad infrecuente: A propósito de un caso

La reticulohistiocitosis multicéntrica es una enfermedad muy infrecuente que afecta preferentemente a individuos de una edad media, y que se caracteriza por la aparición de nódulos diseminados en piel, mucosas, tejido subcutáneo y sinovial, xantomas, y afectación de pequeñas articulaciones de los dedos de las manos de apariencia similar a la artritis reumatoide, además de articulaciones de gran tamaño, principalmente hombros, caderas y rodillas, sobre las que sobreviene una artritis deformante y mutilante. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 55 años con afectación severa de hombros y caderas al que fue preciso recambiarle ambas articulaciones coxofemorales.Multicentric reticulohystiocytoses is a rare systemic disease which affects middle age patients, manifested by gradual development of nodules in the skin, mucosa, subcutaneous tissues and synovia, xantomas, and arthritis of the small joints of the hands, similar to reumathoid arthritis. Involvement of large joints as shoulders, hips and knee resulting in deforming and erosive arthritis. A case of a 55 year-old patient is presented, with severe destruction of shoulder and hips requiring bilateral total hip arthroplasty

Estudio histomorfométrico del hueso diafísario en la rata

Se ha realizado un estudio histomorfométrico de la diálisis femoral en la rata blanca cepa «Wistar» calculando las dimensiones del endostio y periostio, así como las modificaciones de las áreas de la corteza, cavidad medular y hueso total en relación a la actividad endóstica y perióstica del hueso durante el primer año de vida. Los resultados demuestran un crecimiento discontinuo con una fase de enlentecimiento entre los 25 y 45 días de vida. La evolución de los cambios diafisarios en la rata es superponible a la del hombre, considerándola un animal de experimentación válido para estudiar los fenómenos de remodelación ósea durante el crecimiento.A histomophometric study of the femoral diaphyseal bone was undertaken in «Wistar» albine rat. Measurements of the endosteal and periosteal thickness as weel as variations in cortical, medular and total bone areas in relation to the endosteal and periosteal bone activity during the first year of life were analyzed. The results showed a continuous growth increase with a phase of lower growth rate from the 25th to the 45th day of life. The pattern of diaphyseal growing changes resembled that found in humans. The rat can therefore be considered as a suitable experimental animal for the study of bone remodeling during growth

Angiomatosis quística esquelética : a propósito de 1 caso

La angiomatosis quística esquelética es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por una afectación multifocal del esqueleto consistente en una proliferación anómala de vasos sanguíneos, linfáticos o ambos y en la que frecuentemente existe afectación de otros tejidos. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 4 años que sufrió una fractura patológica de húmero derecho. Un mapa óseo y una biopsia abierta condujeron al diagnóstico. No se evidenció afectación extraesquelética. Se ha realizado un seguimiento de 19 años en los que sus lesiones han sufrido un curso progresivo. Se revisa la literatura al respecto.Cystic angiomatosis of bone is a rare multicentric skeletal lesión caused by proliferation of blood vessels, lymphatics, or both and often accompanied by angiomatous lesions in other tissues. We report a case of a 4-year-old boy who suffered a pathologic fracture of the right humerus. A bone scan and an open biopsy lead to diagnosis. Visceral involvement was not found. The patient has been followed for 19 years and his lesions have showed progression

Quiste óseo unicameral de astrágalo: Consideraciones terapéuticas a propósito de un caso

El quiste óseo unicameral se localiza excepcionalmente en el astrágalo, y só- lo once casos han sido publicados previamente en la literatura médica. Se presenta un nuevo caso en una niña de cinco años de edad, que por su tamaño y localización fue tratado quirúrgicamente con legrado y aposición de aloinjerto. Consideramos que en los quistes óseos de localización en astrágalo y que ocupan más del 30-40% de su volumen deben evitarse las perforaciones y punciones intraquísticas debido al riesgo de fractura y necrosis del mismo.Unicameral bone cysts are very rarely found in the talus and we have only been able to find 11 previously reported in the literature consulted. We report a further case occurring in a five-year-old girl because of its site and location treated surgically by means of curettage and allograft. We believe that in bone cysts occupying more than 30-40% of the talus, perforations and intracystic punctures should be avoided due to the risk of fracture and necrosis

Epifisiólisis femoral proxima: revisión de 44 casos

Se revisan 44 niños con 47 epifisiólisis femorales proximales. Veintitrés desplazamientos fueron leves, 18 moderados y 6 severos. Todas las epifisiólisis excepto 1 se trataron quirúrgicamente. En 10 casos se fijó profilácticamente la cadera contralateral. Existió penetración articular por el implante en 17 (30%) de las 56 caderas fijadas. El seguimiento medio ha sido de 56 meses (rango: 3 a 148 meses). Los resultados, según criterios clínicos y radiográficos, han sido excelentes o buenos en el 91% de los deslizamientos leves, el 77% de los moderados y el 33% de los severos. Las complicaciones fueron 2 casos de condrólisis, ambos asociados a penetración articular. En 2 (6%) de los pacientes donde no se realización profiláctica se produjo deslizamiento contralateral. En nuestro estudio los resultados se correlacionan con la cuantía del deslizamiento. No recomendamos la fijación profiláctica contraletal.We review 44 children with 47 slipped capital femoral epiphysis. There were 23 mild slips, 18 moderate, and 6 severe. Operative treatment was performed in all but one of the slips. In 10 cases prophylactic pinning of the contralateral hip was performed. Penetration of the joint by the implant was present in 17 (30%) of the 56 fixed hips. The average follow-up was 56 months (range: 3 to 178 months). The results, according to clinical and rocntgenographic parameters were excellent or good in 91% of mild slips, 77% of moderate and 33% of severe. As complications there were two cases of chondrolysis, both associated with joint penetration. In 2 (6%) patients where prophylactic pinning was not performed, contralateral hip slipping developed. In our study, results correlate with slip severity. We do not recommend prophylactic contralateral pinning

Lesiones traumáticas de la columna vertebral en niños

—Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo de los casos de traumatismo raquídeo atendidos en urgencias de nuestro centro desde 1987 hasta 1995. Del total de 159.202 niños atendidos en dicho período, el 1,8% sufría algún tipo de patología traumática de la columna, de los cuales requirieron ingreso 45 casos. Se analizan la distribución por edad, los factores etiológicos y la localización de la lesión. En 4 casos existió afectación neurológica, 2 de ellos con paraplejía completa. Los traumatismos del raquis en el niño son lesiones poco frecuentes, siendo aún más rara la afectación neurológica. fin nuestra serie el grupo más afectado fueron varones de 8 a 13 años de edad. El tratamiento conservador generalmente da resultados satisfactorios, recurriendo a la cirugía sólo en casos de severa inestabilidad o compromiso neurológico.We report the results of a restrospective study of cases with spinal trauma in children treated in our institution from 1987 until 1995. From 159,202 children under fourteen, only in 1.8% spinal traumatism was present being necessary hospitalization in 45 cases. We analized age distribution, etiologic factors, and level of the lesion. In four patients a neurologic deficit was present, two of them had complete paraplegia. Pediatric spinal trauma is a rare lesion, and associated neurologic deficit is still less common. In our scries, the most affected group was boys, from 8 to 13. Usually conservative treatment provides satisfactory results. Surgery is required only when severe unstability or neurologic deficit are present

Bolaform surfactant‐induced Au nanoparticle assemblies for reliable solution‐based surface‐enhanced Raman scattering detection

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGSolution-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection typically involves the aggregation of citrate-stabilized Au nanoparticles into colloidal assemblies. Although this sensing methodology offers excellent prospects for sensitivity, portability, and speed, it is still challenging to control the assembly process by a salting-out effect, which affects the reproducibility of the assemblies and, therefore, the reliability of the analysis. This work presents an alternative approach that uses a bolaform surfactant, B20, to induce the plasmonic assembly. The decrease of the surface charge and the bridging effect, both promoted by the adsorption of B20, are hypothesized as the key points governing the assembly. Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulations supported the bridging effect of the B20 by showing the preferential bridging of surfactant monomers between two adjacent Au(111) slabs. The colloidal assemblies showed excellent SERS capabilities towards the rapid, on-site detection and quantification of beta-blockers and analgesic drugs in the nanomolar regime, with a portable Raman device. Interestingly, the application of state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks, such as ResNet, allows a 100% accuracy in classifying the concentration of different binary mixtures. Finally, the colloidal approach was successfully implemented in a millifluidic chip allowing the automation of the whole process, as well as improving the performance of the sensor in terms of speed, reliability, and reusability without affecting its sensitivity.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 | Ref. PID2019-108954RB-I00MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 | Ref. PID2019-106960GB-I00MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 | Ref. BES-2017-08167MEC/AEI | Ref. CTQ2017-84354-PXunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC ED431C 2020/09Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GR 2007/08

CRISPR-Cas9 Technology as a Tool to Target Gene Drivers in Cancer: Proof of Concept and New Opportunities to Treat Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic malignancy produced by a unique oncogenic event involving the constitutively active tyrosine-kinase (TK) BCR/ABL1. TK inhibitors (TKI) changed its prognosis and natural history. Unfortunately, ABL1 remains unaffected by TKIs. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) remain, and resistant mutations arise during treatment. To address this problem, we have designed a therapeutic CRISPR-Cas9 deletion system targeting BCR/ABL1. The system was efficiently electroporated to cell lines, LSCs from a CML murine model, and LSCs from CML patients at diagnosis, generating a specific ABL1 null mutation at high efficiency and allowing the edited leukemic cells to be detected and tracked. The CRISPR-Cas9 deletion system triggered cell proliferation arrest and apoptosis in murine and human CML cell lines. Patient and murine-derived xenografts with CRISPR-edited LSCs in NOD SCID gamma niches revealed that normal multipotency and repopulation ability of CRISPR edited LSCs were fully restored. Normal hematopoiesis was restored, avoiding myeloid bias. To the best of our knowledge, we show for the first time how a CRISPR-Cas9 deletion system efficiently interrupts BCR/ABL1 oncogene in primary LSCs to bestow a therapeutic benefit. This study is a proof of concept for genome editing in all those diseases, like CML, sustained by a single oncogenic event, opening up new therapeutic opportunities

Subscapular and triceps skinfolds reference values of Hispanic American children and adolescents and their comparison with the reference of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Introduction: the assessment of the skinfold thickness is an objective measure of adiposity. Therefore, it is a useful tool for nutritional diagnosis and prevention of metabolic risk associated with excess fat in chilhood and adolescence. Objective: to provide percentiles of subscapular and triceps skinfolds for Hispanic American schoolchildren and compare them with those published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from United States, that it have been commonly used as a reference in most of these countries. Methods: subscapular and triceps skinfolds were measured in 9.973 schoolchildren 4-19 aged from Spain, Argentina, Cuba, Venezuela and Mexico with Holtain caliper with 0.2 mm accuracy. Percentiles were obtained with the LMS statistical method and were presented in tables divided in stages of 6 months and in curves graphics. The difference between Hispanic American and CDC mean values were provided for P3, P50 and P97 in mm and also were graphically represented. Results: skinfolds measurements obviously increased with age in both sexes but, in boys, this increase is much more marked in highest percentiles between 8 and 13 years; this maximum is reached earlier than what occurs in CDC reference. In both sexes, all percentiles analized in Hispanic American schoolchildren were higher than the CDC reference except P97 up to 10 or 13 years that was notably smaller. Conclusions: the skinfolds percentiles of Hispanic American children and adolescents differ from CDC that are usually used as reference. The values of subscapular and triceps skinfolds provided in this study, could be applied to populations of a similar ethnic background, especially in comparative studies of body composition