Exigências térmicas de Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus Skuse, 1894 (Diptera, Culicidae) em condições de laboratório

Thermal requirements of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus Skuse, 1894 (Diptera, Culicidae) under laboratory conditions. Allochtonous species of Ae. albopictus in the American continent can be found in fourteen Brazilian states - about fifteen years had been elapsed since the first report of the presence of this species in Brazilian territory. Considering its potential epidemiological importance and its adaptation to several habitats, it was determined, for this species, the threshold temperature and the thermal constant for egg, larval and pupal stages under laboratory conditions under four constant temperatures and 12:12 hours light-dark photoperiod. The threshold temperature for the egg phase and for the first instar were quite similar: 9.07 ºC (K=214.46 degree days) and 9.23 ºC (K= 36.64 degree days), respectively. For 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar, the basal-temperature was higher, oscilating between 12.26 ºC and 13.95 ºC. The threshold temperature for the complete larval stage and for the pupal stage were 12.03 ºC (K= 99.48 degree days) and 11.87 ºC (K=32.40 degree days) for males and 11.95 ºC (K=110.11 degree days) and 11.60 ºC (K=35.30 degree days) for females, respectively

<p><strong>Neotropical <em>Ablabesmyia</em> Johannsen (Diptera: Chironomidae, Tanypodinae)–Part I</strong></p>

Oliveira, Caroline Silva Neubern De, Silva, Mário Antonio Navarro Da, Gessner, Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca (2013): Neotropical Ablabesmyia Johannsen (Diptera: Chironomidae, Tanypodinae)–Part I. Zootaxa 3733 (1): 1-123, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3733.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3733.1.

Race in a hot environment changes the leukocyte profile in healthy trained subjects

Aims: To assess the effects of an outdoor race of 15 km in a hot environment on leukocyte kinetics in healthy trained men. Methods: The sample consisted of 14 men who participated in a recreational race group. Volunteers who said they were able to run a minimum distance of 15 km, were not taking any immunosuppressants, and had no infectious disease were included in the study. The exclusion criteria were the following: hypertension at rest before the race, history of musculoskeletal, metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases, and failure to finish the race. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the race for determination of hematocrit levels and immune cell count by immunocytochemistry. Results: An increase in total leukocyte and neutrophil count was observed after the race (9.31±2.4 x 10³ cells/µL and 7.64±3.4 x 10³ cells/µL, respectively) compared to the pre-race period (5.52±0.2 x 10³ cells/µL and 2.90±0.6 x 103 cells/µL, respectively), (p0.05). Conclusions: The 15-km outdoor race in a hot environment led to a typical leukocyte kinetics, resulting in leukocytosis owing to the increase in neutrophil count as well as to a decrease in lymphocyte and eosinophil count in healthy trained men. These findings shed some further light upon exercise-induced leukocytosis and may indicate the level of stress produced by exercise under extreme environmental conditions

Corrida em ambiente quente altera o perfil leucocitário de sujeitos treinados saudáveis = Race in a hot environment changes the leukocyte profile in healthy trained subjects

Objetivos: Analisar os efeitos de uma corrida de 15 km ao ar livre em ambiente de alta temperatura na modulação da leucocitose em homens saudáveis treinados em corrida. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 14 homens que participavam de um grupo de corrida recreativo. Foram incluídos voluntários que declarassem ser capazes de percorrer a distância mínima de 15 km, não estivessem tomando nenhum medicamento imunossupressor e não tivessem nenhuma doença infecciosa. Os critérios de exclusão foram hipertensão arterial em repouso antes da corrida, histórico de doenças osteomioarticulares, metabólicas e/ou cardiovasculares, e não completar o percurso da corrida. Amostras de sangue venoso antes e após a corrida foram coletadas para determinação do hematócrito e contagem de células imunes por imunocitoquímica. Resultados: Observou-se aumento no número de leucócitos totais e neutrófilos no momento pós corrida (9,31±2,4×10³ células/µL e 7,64±3,4×10³ células/µL respectivamente) em comparação ao momento pré corrida (5,52±0. 2×10³ células/µL e 2,90±0,6×10³ células/µL respectivamente) (p0,05) Conclusões: A corrida de 15 km ao ar livre, em ambiente de alta temperatura, induziu a uma cinética leucocitária típica, com leucocitose às custas do aumento no número de neutrófilos, assim como queda no número de linfócitos e eosinófilos, em homens saudáveis com prévio treinamento em corrida. Estes resultados ajudam a compreender melhor a leucocitose induzida pelo exercício e podem indicar a intensidade do estresse promovido pelo exercício em condições ambientais extrema

Commented list of diurnal mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) occurring in forested areas of the state of Paraná, southern Brazil

This study was conducted to determine the composition and distribution of anthropophilic diurnal mosquitos in forest environments in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. Mosquitoes were collected between April 2004 and June 2006, in the remnant forests of rural and urban areas of 37 municipalities. A total of 15 genera and 121 species, or groups of species. The largest number of species, or groups of species, belonged to Wyeomyia (32 species or morphospecies), followed by Sabethes (20), Aedes (15) and Anopheles (13) genera. The results are discussed and compared with other entomological surveys conducted in Paraná. Several species collected are potential vectors of infectious agents to humans