¿Qué estamos enseñando y qué deberíamos enseñar desde la didáctica de las ciencias en la formación inicial del profesorado de secundaria?

Esta comunicación constituye una síntesis de las aportaciones a una de las mesas redondas de los Encuentros. Se trata de contribuir al debate en torno a la selección y organización de los contenidos de didáctica de las ciencias y de la tecnología para el Máster de formación inicial del profesorado de secundaria. Se realiza una reflexión teórica sobre los fundamentos y la investigación en didáctica y formación del profesorado, se comparan los contenidos impartidos en distintas universidades dentro de la referida titulación, y se plantean algunos dilemas en torno a los criterios que deberían orientar la selección y organización de los mismos. Todo ello con objeto de animar el debate y la discusión al respecto, y demarcar posibles campos de investigación futur

Relación entre el desarrollo vocacional eficaz y los factores de elección en titulados universitarios con discapacidad activos laboralmente. Un estudio preliminar

ABSTRACTThere is little evidence about vocational development of college students with disabilities and even less when they were inserted in the workplace. The objective was to determine the correlation between the vocational development and career choice factors of graduates with disabilities inserted occupationally. For this was used 30 university subjects with an average age of 38.23 years (Sd = 9.2) with various disabilities inserted occupationally to which was applied a questionnaire university biodata and an inventory of vocational factors, to a sample. A correlational design was used and inferential performing correlation analysis, and regression testing using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitne in inferential analysis. The results obtained confirm that the effective vocational development was associated with the tastes and preferences in the choices they made. Was also noted that the higher effective vocational development, exert less influence factors sociogenic character and their own disability. We conclude that knowledge of career development of these subjects may influence improving the processes of vocational and professional advice of this group.RESUMENExiste escasa evidencia sobre el desarrollo vocacional de estudiantes universitarios con discapacidad y menos aún cuando éstos se encuentran insertados en el ámbito laboral. El objetivo de este estudio, fue comprobar la relación existente entre el desarrollo vocacional eficaz y los factores de elección vocacional en titulados universitarios con discapacidad insertados laboralmente. Para ello se empleó una muestra de 30 sujetos de una edad media de 38.23 años (Sd= 9.2) a los que se le aplicó un cuestionario de biodatos universitarios y un Inventario de factores de elección vocacional. Se empleó un diseño correlacional e inferencial realizándose análisis de correlaciones, de regresión y la pruebas de Krusal-Wallis y U de Mann-Whitne en los análisis inferenciales Los resultados obtenidos corroboran, que el desarrollo vocacional eficaz quedó asociado, a los gustos y preferencias en las elecciones que realizaron. También se apreció, que a mayor desarrollo vocacional eficaz, menos influencia ejercieron los factores de carácter sociogénico y su propia discapacidad en la elección vocacional. Se concluye, que el conocimiento del desarrollo vocacional de estos sujetos, puede repercutir en mejorar los procesos de asesoramiento vocacional y profesional de este colectivo.ABSTRACTThere is little evidence about vocational development of college students with disabilities and even less when they were inserted in the workplace. The objective was to determine the correlation between the vocational development and career choice factors of graduates with disabilities inserted occupationally. For this was used 30 university subjects with an average age of 38.23 years (Sd = 9.2) with various disabilities inserted occupationally to which was applied a questionnaire university biodata and an inventory of vocational factors, to a sample. A correlational design was used and inferential performing correlation analysis, and regression testing using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitne in inferential analysis. The results obtained confirm that the effective vocational development was associated with the tastes and preferences in the choices they made. Was also noted that the higher effective vocational development, exert less influence factors sociogenic character and their own disability. We conclude that knowledge of career development of these subjects may influence improving the processes of vocational and professional advice of this group

Brand umbrella and made in the international competitiveness of granite.

Spain, like Italy, the traditional leader of granite sector, has seen how China, India or Brazil have risen several positions on global production and export rankings. In a globalized context, it's necessary a good differentiation from international competitors, much more when this is a generic product that offers suitable prices and quality. One way to identify and differentiate it, is providing value by creating a brand. In this paper we study the utility of a strategy based on made in for Galicia, major production location for the industry in Spain; an alternative that seems attractive to enterprises, but whose implementation requires strong collaboration between firms and public and private institutions.Granite; brand; made in; internacionalization

Physical and chemical treatment of the acid wastewater poured from Aznalcollar quarry (Sevilla-Spain)

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados experimentales de Ios ensayos de tratamiento fisicoquímico llevados a cabo en el Grupo de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales de la Universidad de Sevilla, con el agua vertida tras la rotura de la balsa minera de Aznalcóllar el pasado 25 de abril de 1998.E1 objeto de los ensayos era neutralizar la acidez inicial del agua y disminuir las elevadas concentraciones de metales pesados en solución. Entre los tratamientos empleados, la combinación de hidróxido cálcico y policloruro de aluminio proporcionó el mejor rendimiento en términos dé eficacia en la elevación del pH del agua y en Ia eliminación de metales pesados en solución. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que una estrategia de tratamiento basada en el uso combinado de agentes correctores de pH y coagulantes químicos, contribuye eficazmente a romper ia estabilidad de las partículas metálicas en disolución y a lograr su eliminación del agua por sedimentación. TaIes procedimientos podrían resultar de gran utilidad en el tratamiento de aguas superficiales contaminadas por metales.In this work, laboratory results of physical and chemical treatment of the acid wastewater poured from Aznalcóilar quarry (Sevilla, Spain) the last april 25, 1998, are presented. Experiments were carried out in the facilities of the Wastewater Treatment Research Group, University of Sevilla. Objectives were to adjust pH and to remove heavy metals from the water. Comparative results showed application of calcium hydroxide and aluminium polychloride as the most effective physical and chemical treatment for the water, in terms of pH adjustment and heavy metal removal. Data suggest that treatment systems including preliminary adjustment of water pH followed by addition of chemical coagulants, significantly alter the physical state of dissolved heavy metals and facilitate their removal by sedimentation. Such procedures might be useful for the treatment of surface waters polluted with high concentrations of heavy metals

Aprender a trabajar con las familias en Atención Temprana: estudio de caso

The main aim of the present case study was to identify the needs of families attending Childhood Early Intervention Centres, because professionals working in this setting have noted the low level of participation in the programs offered. An investigation tool was designed to gather information on their needs. In total, 58 families participated in the project. A first descriptive analysis of the data was conducted, followed by an inferential one. Of these families, 55.7% considered the Childhood Early Intervention Centre to be the right setting to foster participation, and 67.24% considered that these spaces should be permanent. Implementing a support program for families and between families would be easier in a Childhood Early Intervention Centre, because parents focus on their children and their needs when they attend these centres. These support programs can be used to provide the needed support and the emotional and communication space in order to network “expert” families and families facing such issues for the first time. An upcoming challenge is to design and implement such a support program.El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las necesidades de las familias que acuden a un Centro de Atención e Intervención Temprana generalista, ya que los profesionales han detectado que la oferta para su atención tiene escasa participación. Para identificar estas necesidades se ha elaborado un instrumento de recogida de información. Han participado 58 familias. Se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo de los datos, para posteriormente realizar un análisis inferencial. Estas familias en un 55.70% afirman que la propia entidad de atención temprana tendría que facilitar espacios para ese intercambio, es más, para un 67.24% dichos espacios tendrían que ser permanentes. Poner en marcha un programa de apoyo para y entre familias puede ser más fácil desde un centro de atención e intervención temprana, ya que las familias en este momento están totalmente volcadas en sus hijos/as, y es a través de la atención a sus hijos/as como se puede facilitar a las familias los apoyos necesarios, brindándoles espacio emocional y de comunicación entre familias con más experiencia, y nuevas familias que están iniciando este duro recorrido. El desafío ahora es diseñar e implementar este programa

Instituto de Historia de la Cultura Material de la Academia Polaca de Ciencias : la arqueología polaca moderna

Una invitación del Instituto de Historia de la Cultura Material de la Academia polaca de Ciencias nos ha permitido conocer este importante organismo científico y su funcionamiento, que exponemos a continuación ante los arqueólogos, como uno de los modelos a seguir

Bioavailability of Bioactive Compounds from Reconstituted Grapefruit Juice as Affected by the Obtention Process

[EN] Much attention has been paid to the health benefits of including fruits and vegetables in the diet. However, for the compounds responsible for this beneficial effect to be effective at the level of the human organism, they must be available for absorption after digestion. In this sense, in vivo studies are needed to demonstrate the bioavailability of these compounds and their physiological activity. In order to provide information in this regard, this study collects data on the levels of vitamin C (VC) and naringenin (NAG) in the blood serum of the 11 volunteer participants in this trial, before and after consuming two different grapefruit juices. The juices were prepared by rehydrating the grapefruit powder obtained by freeze-drying (FD) the fruit puree or by spray-drying (SD) the liquefied grapefruit. No significant differences (p > 0.05) neither by juice nor by participant were observed in any case. The mean relative increase of VC, NAG and the radical scavenging ability (RSA) in blood serum due to grapefruit juices intake was 12%, 28% and 26%, respectively. Just VC showed a positive and significant Pearson¿s correlation with RSA. The mean bioavailability of VC was quantified as 1.529 +- 0.002 mg VC/L serum per 100 mg of VC ingested.This research was funded by Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Project AGL 2012-39103.Camacho Vidal, MM.; Martínez-Lahuerta, JJ.; García Martínez, EM.; Igual Ramo, M.; Martínez-Navarrete, N. (2023). Bioavailability of Bioactive Compounds from Reconstituted Grapefruit Juice as Affected by the Obtention Process. Molecules. 28(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2807290428

El Prácticum como enseñanza reflexiva: una propuesta de innovación didáctica realizada en la Escuela de Magisterio de la UAH

En este artículo presentamos una experiencia piloto de innovación referida al Prácticum, realizada en la E. de Magisterio de la UAH., durante los cursos 2006-07 y 2007-08. La experiencia, que parte de la premisa de formar un profesor crítico y con criterio, nos ha llevado a situarnos en el modelo del profesor refl exivo. Empezamos indicando el origen de la propuesta, y más tarde justifi camos las bases del modelo, explicamos la metodología que hemos empleado e indicamos las conclusiones que se derivan de la experiencia.                                                                                                                                  This article presents a pilot and innovative experience dealing with the Teaching Practice that has been carried out at the Teacher Training School of the University of Alcalá during the academic years 2006/07 and 2007/08. This experience is based on the premise of educating a teacher so that s/he can become a person of sound judgement and constructive criticism and it has made us choose the refl exive teacher model. Our study begins by indicating the background of our proposal and continues by reasoning the basis of that model. Then we explain the methodology we have used and we fi nally point out the conclusions we have reached from this innovative experience

Gestión eficiente de la evaluación continua del alumnado. La integración del trabajo de escritorio con moodle

Se presenta una aplicación desarrollada en Visual Basic para Microsoft Excel 2010 con el propósito de ofrecer una herramienta que ayude al profesorado en las labores de calificación de pruebas de evaluación continua a lo largo de un curso en conjunción con la plataforma Moodle. Se describe también su aplicación a una asignatura concreta

The role of the in-cylinder gas temperature and oxygen concentration over low load reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion efficiency

Several studies carried out with the aim of improving the RCCI (reactivity controlled compression ignition) concept in terms of thermal efficiency conclude that the main cause of the reduced efficiency at light loads is the reduced combustion efficiency. The present study used both a 3D computational model and engine experiments to explore the effect of the oxygen concentration and intake temperature on RCCI combustion efficiency at light load. The experiments were conducted using a single-cylinder heavy-duty research diesel engine adapted for dual fuel operation. Results suggest that it is possible to achieve an improvement of around 1.5% in the combustion efficiency with both strategies studied; the combined effect of intake temperature and in-cylinder fuel blending as well as the combined effect of oxygen concentration and in-cylinder fuel blending (ICFB). In addition, the direct comparison of both strategies suggests that the combustion losses trend is mainly associated to the in-cylinder equivalence ratio stratification, which is determined by the diesel to gasoline ratio in the blend since the injection timing is kept constant for all the tests. Moreover, the combined effect of the intake temperature and ICFB promotes a slight improvement in the combustion losses over the combined effect of the oxygen concentration and ICFB. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.The authors gratefully acknowledge the modeling support and guidance of Jose Manuel Pastor and VOLVO Group Trucks Technology (CN-2012-46) for supporting this research.Desantes Fernández, JM.; Benajes Calvo, JV.; García Martínez, A.; Monsalve Serrano, J. (2014). The role of the in-cylinder gas temperature and oxygen concentration over low load reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion efficiency. Energy. 78:854-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.080S8548687