Effects of crude ethanol extract of Tapinanthus globiferus a. Rich on functional and structural integrity of the rats kidney

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of crude ethanol extract of Tapinanthus globiferuson rat kidney. The toxic effects of the extract on rats kidney after 28 days of oral administration were evaluated on serum levels of urea, creatinine, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) while histopathology was evaluated on sections of the kidney. Results from the acute toxicity studies on the extract were found to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg body weight in rats after oral administration. The biochemical analysis of the extract showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum urea, creatinine and sodium levels, and significant (p<0.05) increase in serum potassium and chloride levels at doses of 175 and 350 mg/kg, while serum bicarbonate remained insignificant at tested doses. However, histological observations showed no significant structural changes in the kidney architecture at doses of 87.5 and 175 mg/kg extract compared to control, but at 350 mg/kg dose of extract showed areas of degeneration of Bowman’s capsule.The present work has revealed the non-toxicity of the ethanol extracts of Tapinanthus globiferus at low dose but suggests that its prolonged usage at higher dose should be monitored.Keywords: Tapinanthus globiferus, Creatinine, Electrolytes, nephrotoxic, Bowman’s capsul

Radio wave imaging using Ultra-Wide Band Spectrum Antennas for Near-Field Applications. Design, Development, and Measurements of Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Microwave Near-Field Imaging Applications by applying Optimisation Algorithms

The emergence of Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology application has yielded tremendous and vital impacts in the field of microwave wireless communications. These applications include military radar imaging, security screening, and tumour detection, especially for early detection of breast cancer. These indicators have stimulated and inspired many researchers to make the best use of this promising technology. UWB technology challenges such as antenna design, the problem of imaging reconstruction techniques, challenges of severe signal attenuation and dispersion in high loss material. Others are lengthy computational time demand and large computer memory requirements are prevalent constraints that need to be tackled especially in a large scale and complex computational electromagnetic analysis. In this regard, it is necessary to find out recently developed optimisation techniques that can provide solutions to these problems. In this thesis, designing, optimisation, development, measurement, and analysis of UWB antennas for near-field microwave imaging applications are considered. This technology emulates the same concept of surface penetrating radar operating in various forms of the UWB spectrum. The initial design of UWB monopole antennas, including T-slots, rectangular slots, and hexagonal slots on a circular radiating patch, was explicitly implemented for medical imaging applications to cover the UWB frequency ranging from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. Based on this concept, a new bow-tie and Vivaldi UWB antennas were designed for a through-the-wall imaging application. The new antennas were designed to cover a spectrum on a lower frequency ranging from 1 GHz - 4 GHz to ease the high wall losses that will be encountered when using a higher frequency range and to guarantee deeper penetration of the electromagnetic wave. Finally, both simulated and calculated results of the designed, optimised antennas indicate excellent agreement with improved performance in terms of return loss, gain, radiation pattern, and fidelity over the entire UWB frequency. These breakthroughs provided reduced computational time and computer memory requirement for useful, efficient, reliable, and compact sensors for imaging applications, including security and breast cancer detection, thereby saving more lives.Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TET Fund) Supported by the Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA

On Sylow Subgroups of Permutation Groups

A research on Sylow Subgroups of permutation groups is carried out in this paper. The research investigates the nature of Sylow subgroups of permutation groups and examines its behaviors

A Study of the Phytochemical Properties and Synergistic Action of Leaf Extracts of Dodonea Viscosa Linn, Annona Comosus (Linn) Merr Peel and Citrus Senensis Peel on Aeromonas hydrophila and Salmonella Species

The leaf of Dodonea viscosa Linn, peels of Annona comosus (Linn) Merr and Citrus senensis are widely used traditional remedies against various ailments, such as digestive system disorders like: indigestion, ulcers, diarrhoea, constipation, upset stomach and tonic to digestive system. The major chemical constituents reported from the plant parts are alkaloids, flavoniods, saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids and phytosterols which show that these plant parts can be a potential candidate to be use as a therapeutic agent. The aim of the study was to determine the synergism at a concentration ratio of 1:1 between the three extracts using discs diffusion, broth tube dilution and fractional inhibitory concentration techniques against six Salmonella paratyphi B, one Salmonella typhi and three A. hydrophila. In vitro anti-salmonellae and A. hydrophila activities of the extracts were confirmed and no synergism was demonstrated (P = 0.05). Keywords: Bioactivity, phytochemicals, synergism, Dodonea viscosa, Annona comosus, Citrus senensis, MIC, MBC, FIC

PRIMITIVITY OF PERFECT RESIDUUM OF PERMUTATION GROUPS

In this paper, the construction of permutation groups which include symmetric groups, alternating groups, dihedral groups and the groups generated by the semidirect product (wreath products) of two permutation groups. The perfect residuum of the constructed groups has been obtained and their primitivity status has been investigated which enable us to formulate some results on such properties concerning the groups. A standard computer program, Groups algorithm and programming (GAP) has been employed in enhancing and validating the result obtained. Keywords: Primitive groups, Perfect Residuum, permutation groups

Preliminary design of high rise buildings for global adaptation using the linear static method

Preliminary sizing of the members of high-rise buildings for adaptation in Nigeria and other countries with similar earth tremor data is carried out in this work using the linear static (lateral force) method. The studied building model comprises a regular, symmetric 50 storey Steel Dual-Concentric (chevron) Brace Frame, SD-CBF. European wide flange beam section of HE220M, column section HE260M and brace section HE180B were realised as initial design sections which are structurally safe. Results indicate that the aforementioned sections, though structurally safe can be made more robust for greater safety by applying a factor of safety ranging from 1.25 to 1.5 depending on available investment and seismicity of the environment. This is to justify safety of lives and properties.Keywords: High-rise, Earth-tremor, Linear Static Method and SD-CBF

Inadequacy of Information Communication Technology (S) in Public Universities in Nigeria: Causes, Effects and Way Forward

Public universities in Nigeria are faced with many challenges. Inadequate information communication technology (s) have been identified as one of the major problem. This paper is aimed to examine the factors responsible for inadequate information communication technology (s) in the Nigerian public universities. To do this, we employed the used of primary and secondary data. The secondary data were sourced from print documents and online publication on ICT. With the help of the document reviewed inadequate funding, poor implementation of ICT policies, corruption, poor maintenance culture, poor forecasting, lack of data and high cost of ICT facilities were identified as the factors responsible for inadequate information communication technology(s) in the Nigerian public universities. The effects of inadequate information communication technology(s) in the Nigerian public universities include poor implementation of teaching programme, research programme, learning programme and slowing down of school administration. To solve these problems, the paper recommended that the government should increase the funding of public universities and ensure more funds are allocated for the development of ICT programme etc

On Radical Groups of Permutation Groups

In this paper a new theorem has been stated and proved concerning the radical group of permutation groups. Symmetric groups, alternating groups, dihedral groups and groups generated by semidirect products of two permutation groups have been considered in the research being them as permutation groups

Survey on Social Media Network Participation, Impact on Biology Students’ Performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria

This study looks at social media network participation. its evident impact on performance on senior secondary School students in biology, the study was aimed at identifying social media network sites and their usage among students, how students networked and participated on social media networks, time invested by students on social networks, the effects of social media networks participation on student's academic performance within the context of the social learning and the axe and gratification theories. To achieve the objectives of the research, the study used a mixed method approach which involved the survey of students in jour senior secondary schools and interviews of heads of the schools. The study revealed that majority of respondents used social networks for chatting for downloading videos, music and listening to music. In addition, majority of respondents experienced negative effects such as, late submission of assignment, less study time and poor performance in biology and addiction problems due to the heavy participation on social media networks Furthermore. there was a high addiction rate among students in the usage of social media network., Nevertheless, there were few cases where other students experienced improvement on their performances as a result of participation on social media networks. Recommendations generated from the research studies were: students should reduce their exposure to social media and pay more attention to their studies, students, especially those willing to record huge academic success should guide themselves against the use of social media and the government, schools and other well to do individuals .should encourage hard work by rewarding successful students through Scholarship schemes and other incentives

A review on soft set-based parameter reduction and decision making

Many real world decision making problems often involve uncertainty data, which mainly originating from incomplete data and imprecise decision. The soft set theory as a mathematical tool that deals with uncertainty, imprecise, and vagueness is often employed in solving decision making problem. It has been widely used to identify irrelevant parameters and make reduction set of parameters for decision making in order to bring out the optimal choices. In this paper, we present a review on different parameter reduction and decision making techniques for soft set and hybrid soft sets under unpleasant set of hypothesis environment as well as performance analysis of the their derived algorithms. The review has summarized this paper in those areas of research, pointed out the limitations of previous works and areas that require further research works. Researchers can use our review to quickly identify areas that received diminutive or no attention from researchers so as to propose novel methods and applications