How refugees’ stereotypes toward host society members predict acculturation orientations: the role of perceived discrimination

Refugee migration leads to increased diversity in host societies and refugees have to face many stereotyped attitudes in the host society. However, there has been little research on minority group stereotypes toward host society members and how these stereotypes relate to the acculturation-relevant attitudes of refugees in their first phase of acculturation. This study surveyed 783 refugees in Germany who had migrated mostly in the so-called “refugee crisis” between 2015 and 2016. At the time of the survey in 2018, they had been in Germany for an average of 27 months ( SD = 15 months). These refugees reported their positive and negative sociability stereotypes toward German host society members, acculturation-related orientations, shared reality values, and perceived discrimination. Results showed that positive sociability stereotypes toward host society members were associated with increased cultural adoption and shared reality. In contrast, negative sociability stereotypes negatively affected cultural adoption and shared reality. However, stereotypes showed no association at all with cultural maintenance. Interactions between sociability stereotypes and discrimination experiences highlighted a disillusion effect, in the sense that discrimination reduced the motivation to adopt the host culture more strongly among refugees who held strongly positive sociability stereotypes. The study extends knowledge on the significance of minority group stereotypes in the context of refugee migration and reveals the maladaptive consequences of discriminatory behavior against refugees by host society members

Developmental Prevention of Prejudice: Conceptual Issues, Evidence-Based Designing, and Outcome Results

This article reviews conceptual and empirical issues on the developmental prevention of prejudice in childhood and adolescence. Developmental prejudice prevention is defined as interventions that intentionally change and promote intergroup attitudes and behavior by systematically recognizing theories and empirical results on the development of prejudice in young people. After presenting a general conception of designing evidence-based interventions, we will discuss the application of this model in the field of developmental prejudice prevention. This includes the legitimation, a developmental concept of change, and the derivation of intervention content and implementation. Finally, we summarized recent evaluations results by reviewing meta-analytical evidence of programs and discuss important issues of future research and practice

Die strafrechtliche Würdigung des Whistleblowings

The author analyses different systems of whistleblowing from a criminal point of view. After giving a short overview of different systems of legislation dealing with whistleblowing, the author focuses on the question, under which circumstances the whistleblower commits a crime, an offence or a misdemeanour in the German law system by going outside, revealing wrongdoing. The examination ends with an addendum about questions concerning German criminal procedure law

Incidencia de los niveles de inventario en el desarrollo y crecimiento de un distribuidor de neumáticos

Las empresas de hoy en día basan su éxito o fracaso en una estrategia inteligente de su cadena de suministros. Proveedores, clientes, y asociaciones con otras empresas, deben ser estudiadas y seleccionadas bajo un racional estratégico, con el fin de agregar valor para el consumidor final y que sus productos y servicios sean elegidos por éste una y otra vez. Es por eso que la estrategia de inventarios es una parte fundamental en la carrera por la creación de valor. Por consecuencia, el objeto del presente estudio busca analizar esta estrategia en una empresa comercializadora de neumáticos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, para de esta manera buscar mejores alternativas y optimizar la cadena de valor, para lograr un negocio consistentemente redituable

Die Entstehung der täuferischen Schreckensherrschaft von Münster (1530-1535) - Ein Schlüssel zum christentumsgeschichtlichen Umgang mit religiöser Differenz?

Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit den Täufern und dem Täuferreich von Münster (1534/1535) und konzentriert sich auf die Frage nach dem Umgang der Täufer mit religiöser Differenz. Fokussierten sich die Täufer auf die Beobachtung religiöser Differenz, die Akzeptanz religiöser Differenz, die Minimalisierung von religiöser Differenz oder die Maximierung religiöser Differenz? Das Hauptkennzeichen der Münsteraner Täufer ist das Fehlen jedweder Toleranz gegenüber Andersgläubigen. Für sie gab es nur ihren eigenen Glauben und ihre eigene religiöse Praxis. Alle Menschen mit anderen Glaubensüberzeugungen (z. B. römisch-katholischen oder lutherischen Glaubens) hatten sich an die seit 1534 mit exklusivem Anspruch vorgetragenen religiösen Regeln der Täufer zu halten oder die Stadt sofort zu verlassen, wenn sie nicht Opfer täuferischer Gewalt werden wollten. Die Täufer konnten diese politische Autorität beanspruchen, nachdem sie die jährliche Wahl zum Stadtrat in Münster 1534 gewonnen und sogleich jede konkurrierende politische Kraft abgeschafft hatten. Mit anderen Worten: Die Täufer von Münster waren bestrebt, jede religiöse Differenz nach Kräften zu minimieren. So wollten sie zwar einen einzigartigen und vorwärtsweisenden religiösen Aufbruch auf den Weg bringen, aber vertraten am Ende einem Selbstverständnis, das ReligionshistorikerInnen als archaisch bezeichnen würden: ein Gott, ein Glaube, eine religiöse Praxis. Somit war es noch ein weiter Weg bis zur weitreichenden Akzeptanz von religiösen Differenzen, wie sie das II. Vatikanum verabschiedete.This article deals with the Anabaptists and the Anabaptist Kingdom in Münster (1534/1535). It focuses on the question how the Anabaptists handled religious difference. Did they simply notice religious difference? Did they accept it? Did they minimize it? Or did they maximize it? The main characteristic of the Anabaptist Kingdom in Münster is the lack of any religious tolerance. These Anabaptists insisted exclusively on their religious belief and practice. People (for example: Roman Catholics or Lutherans) who were not willing to follow them had to leave town immediately or were forced by violence to convert fully to these rigid rules. The Münster Anabaptists had the authority to do so after winning the annual elections for city council (Stadtratswahl) in Münster in the year 1534. Immediately, the Anabaptists abolished any opposing political power. In other words: The Anabaptists minimized any religious group differing from their own. Although they had a religious breakthrough in mind when they started ruling in Münster in 1534, they ended up with a conviction that religious historians would describe as archaic: one God, one belief and one single practice. Thus, it was still a long way to the wide-ranging acceptance of religious differences, as adopted by the Second Vatican Council

Theseus and the Minotaur

Theseus and the Minotaur is a four movement, through-composed chamber work for flute, clarinet, violin, viola, cello, and double bass. The work explores elements of fear, chaos, love, and aggression

Statistics of dressed modes in a thermal state

By a Wigner-function calculation, we evaluate the trace of a certain Gaussian operator arising in the theory of a boson system subject to both finite temperature and (weak) interaction. Thereby we rederive (and generalize) a recent result by Kocharovsky, Kocharovsky, and Scully [Phys. Rev. A, vol. 61, art. 053606 (2000)] in a way that is technically much simpler. One step uses a special case of the response of Wigner functions to linear transformations, and we demonstrate the general case by simple means. As an application we extract the counting statistics for each mode of the Bose gas.Comment: to appear in Optics Communications, 10 page

Comparison of different procedures to map reference evapotranspiration using geographical information systems and regression-based techniques

16 páginas, 6 figuras, 8 tablas.This paper compares different procedures for mapping reference evapotranspiration (ETo) by means of regression-based techniques and geographical information systems (GIS). ETo is calculated following the method of Hargreaves (HG) from a dense database of meteorological stations in the northernmost semi-arid region of Europe, the Ebro valley. The HG method requires the calculation of estimates of extraterrestrial radiation (Ra). We calculated this parameter using two approaches: (1) the common approach that assumes a planar surface and determines the parameter as a function of latitude and (2) using a digital terrain model (DTM) and GIS modelling. The maps were made on a monthly basis using both approaches. We also compared possible propagations of errors in the map calculations for maps derived from modelled layers of maximum and minimum temperatures with those modelled using previously determined local ETo calculations. We demonstrate that calculations of Ra from a DTM and GIS modelling provide a more realistic spatial distribution of ETo than those derived by only considering latitude. It is also preferable to model in advance the variables involved in the calculation of ETo (temperature and Ra) and to subsequently calculate ETo by means of layer algebra in the GIS rather than directly model the local ETo calculations. The obtained maps are useful for the purposes of agriculture and ecological and water resources management in the study area.This work has been supported by the project CGL2005- 04508/BOS financed by the Spanish Comission of Science and Technology (CICYT) and FEDER, PIP176/2005 financed by the Aragón Government, and ‘Programa de grupos de investigación consolidados’ (BOA 48 of 20-04-2005), also financed by the Aragón Government. Research of the third author was supported by postdoctoral fellowship by the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spain).Peer reviewe

Discrete Wigner functions and the phase space representation of quantum teleportation

We present a phase space description of the process of quantum teleportation for a system with an $N$ dimensional space of states. For this purpose we define a discrete Wigner function which is a minor variation of previously existing ones. This function is useful to represent composite quantum system in phase space and to analyze situations where entanglement between subsystems is relevant (dimensionality of the space of states of each subsystem is arbitrary). We also describe how a direct tomographic measurement of this Wigner function can be performed.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys Rev

Quantum-circuit guide to optical and atomic interferometry

Atomic (qubit) and optical or microwave (modal) phase-estimation protocols are placed on the same footing in terms of quantum-circuit diagrams. Circuit equivalences are used to demonstrate the equivalence of protocols that achieve the Heisenberg limit by employing entangled superpositions of Fock states, such as N00N states. The key equivalences are those that disentangle a circuit so that phase information is written exclusively on a mode or modes or on a qubit. The Fock-state-superposition phase-estimation circuits are converted to use entangled coherent-state superpositions; the resulting protocols are more amenable to realization in the lab, particularly in a qubit/cavity setting at microwave frequencies.Comment: To appear in Optics Communications special issue in memory of Krzysztof Wodkiewic