Analysis of a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle and Construction of a Model

The purpose of thesis is to show the result of the analysis Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM). Thus, more information to understand on its behavior in generating force for actuation is obtained. The content of this report consists of few sections such as the introduction, literature review, methodology, result and discussion and conclusion. The introduction part consists of project background and problem statement that discuss PAM behavior while researching about this project. The introduction also discuss about the objective and scope of study which is to analyze the behavior of Pneumatic Muscle by using Finite Element Analysis on ANSYS software. The methodology and project planning is stated to show the flow of the thesis and also the Gantt chart provided shows the working schedule that I follow during all this period of year. The result and discussion shows that the construction of 3D PAM model is mainly consists of flexible, inflatable membrane for which the material type and properties are being specified as neoprene rubber. The result of the model is verified according to the solution obtained from the literature. The thesis is concluded by making an observation towards muscle deformation supported evidence by tables provided by ANSYS software. The deformation of the muscle shows the structural behavior changes after Finite Element Analysis. The PAM expanded with the change in volume and also in diameter. The volume increases while the length decrease when pressure applied

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT CALON MAHASISWA BARU MENDAFTAR PADA FTII UHAMKA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR (K-NN)

In accepting new students at Prof. University. Dr. Hamka, many prospective students or parents of students are looking for registration information, this is a great opportunity for Uhamka to gain the sympathy of prospective students to register at Uhamka, especially the Faculty of Industrial and Informatics Technology. The problem in this study is that there is no data processing related to the factors that influence the interest of prospective new students to choose the Faculty of Industrial and Informatics Technology (FTII) Uhamka. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the interest of prospective new students in choosing majors at the Faculty of Industrial and Information Technology (FTII) Uhamka. The attributes used in this study were 10 attributes, namely full name, major, tuition fee, FII location with domicile, presence of friends/family, accreditation, facilities, PMB services, PMB information, and information of interest. The method that researchers use in this study is the K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (K-NN). From the results of testing the researchers used the K-5 fold technique and the confusion matrix obtained an average accuracy of 72.5%, which means it is good

Arabic words recognition technique for pattern matching using SIFT, SURF and ORB

Image matching technique requires a robust and fast technique to be applicable in various application. This paper investigates which recognition technique suits better in matching an image of printed Arabic text. The recognition algorithm involves the conventional Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) and Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB). A parameters estimator of models algorithm is used to weed out the outlier point of matching images. The test demonstrates on the Arabic word images with the different angles, scales, and viewpoints. We evaluate the performance through analyzing the matching accuracy rate and computational tim

Development of Pose Estimation Algorithm for Quranic Arabic Word

The study carried out in this report proposes the best keypoint detection, description, and pose estimation algorithm combination for Quranic Arabic words. Oriented-FAST Rotated-BRIEF (ORB) and Accelerated-KAZE (AKAZE) are used as the keypoint detection and description algorithms while Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) and Least Median Squares (LMEDS) are used to evaluate the homography for pose estimation algorithms. The algorithms are combined with each other to provide four different techniques to estimate the pose of Quranic Arabic words. The algorithms are tested on a limited dataset chosen from a phrase within the Quran. Performance of each algorithm is measured in real-time through inlier to keypoint ratio which determines pose accuracy

Tropical Pacific climate variability under solar geoengineering: impacts on ENSO extremes

Many modelling studies suggest that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), in interaction with the tropical Pacific background climate, will change with rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Solar geoengineering (reducing the solar flux from outer space) has been proposed as a means to counteract anthropogenic climate change. However, the effectiveness of solar geoengineering concerning a variety of aspects of Earth's climate is uncertain. Robust results are particularly challenging to obtain for ENSO because existing geoengineering simulations are too short (typically ∼ 50 years) to detect statistically significant changes in the highly variable tropical Pacific background climate. We here present results from a 1000-year-long solar-geoengineering simulation, G1, carried out with the coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model HadCM3L. In agreement with previous studies, reducing the solar irradiance (4 %) to offset global mean surface warming in the model more than compensates the warming in the tropical Pacific that develops in the 4 × CO2 scenario. We see an overcooling of 0.3 °C and a 0.23 mm d-1 (5 %) reduction in mean rainfall over the tropical Pacific relative to preindustrial conditions in the G1 simulation, owing to the different latitudinal distributions of the shortwave (solar) and longwave (CO2) forcings. The location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical Pacific, which moved 7.5° southwards under 4 × CO2, is restored to its preindustrial position. However, other aspects of the tropical Pacific mean climate are not reset as effectively. Relative to preindustrial conditions, in G1 the time-averaged zonal wind stress, zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient, and meridional SST gradient are each statistically significantly reduced by around 10 %, and the Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC) is consistently weakened, resulting in conditions conducive to increased frequency of El Niño events. The overall amplitude of ENSO strengthens by 9 %-10 % in G1, but there is a 65 % reduction in the asymmetry between cold and warm events: cold events intensify more than warm events. Notably, the frequency of extreme El Niño and La Niña events increases by ca. 60 % and 30 %, respectively, while the total number of El Niño events increases by around 10 %. All of these changes are statistically significant at either 95 or 99 % confidence level. Somewhat paradoxically, while the number of total and extreme events increases, the extreme El Niño events become weaker relative to the preindustrial state, while the extreme La Niña events become even stronger. That is, such extreme El Niño events in G1 become less intense than under preindustrial conditions but also more frequent. In contrast, extreme La Niña events become stronger in G1, which is in agreement with the general overcooling of the tropical Pacific in G1 relative to preindustrial conditions

Environmental impact on the corrosion behavior of marine grade steel in the Arabian Sea conditions - a comparative analysis of field and laboratory based corrosion tests

Corrosion-induced degradation of marine steel structures is highly dependent on the surrounding environmental conditions and so varies significantly around global seawaters. This research has investigated the dependence of corrosion of carbon steel alloy for marine service on seawater composition and climatic conditions typical of the Arabian Sea. Natural and polluted seawater sites in the Arabian Sea were selected for field exposures. In addition, environmental conditions spanning those anticipated for the shipping structures operating in the Arabian Sea have been simulated in laboratorybased experiments by using heated and aerated artificial seawater. Following their exposures, the performance of samples have been investigated using the weight-loss and dimensional metrology methods. High overall corrosion losses were observed in the polluted seawaters than in the natural seawater conditions of Arabian Sea

Urdu Handwritten Characters Data Visualization and Recognition Using Distributed Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding and Deep Network

This study was supported by the China University of Petroleum-Beijing and Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities under Grant no. 2462020YJRC001.Peer reviewedPublisher PD