Ontology-based information system for diagnosing and monitoring of spinal deformity

U ovom doktorskom radu, koji je rezultat integralnih i interdisciplinarnih istraživanja u oblasti biomedicine, opisan je razvoj ontologije skolioze kičme OBR-Scolio i ontološki baziranog informacionog sistema ScolioMedIS, za dijagnostikovanje i monitoring deformiteta kičmenog stuba. Informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava evidentiranje vizuelnog pregleda pacijenta sa skoliozom, korišćenjem elektronskog kartona skolioze, koji se bazira na inovativnom protokolu. Osim toga, informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava vizuelni 2D i 3D prikaz: spoljašnje linije simetrije leđa, unutrašnje kičmene linije i oblaka tačaka leđa pacijenta, kao i automatsko određivanje Kobovih uglova kičmenih krivina pacijenata u frontalnoj i bočnoj ravni u uspravnom položaju, korišćenjem postupka optičkog skeniranja. Osim toga, informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava vizuelni 2D prikaz spoljašnje linije simetrije leđa i unutrašnje kičmene linije i određivanja Kobovih uglova u frontalnoj ravni u položajima prilikom savijanja pacijenta u levu i desnu u stranu, korišćenjem digitalne kamere. Nadalje informacioni sistem omogućava i vizuelni 3D prikaz kičme pacijenta, modifikacijom opšteg 3D CAD modela kičme, na osnovu automatski dobijenih parametara iz informacionog sistema ScolioMedIS, korišćenjem postupka optičkog skeniranja. Osim navedenog, korišćenjem ontologije skolioze kičme informacioni sistem obezbeđuje automatsko određivanje tipa skolioze prema Lenkovoj klasifikaciji i ispis statističkih podataka zastupljenosti pojedinih Lenkovih tipova skolioze i njihovih karakteristika u kratkoročnom ili dugoročnom vremenskom periodu, radi analize i međusobnog poređenja. S obzirom da se u procesu dijagnostike i monitoringa skolioze ScolioMedIS informacioni sistem potpuno bazira na korišćenju optičkih, ne-jonizujućih metoda, osnovna prednost korišćenja ovog sistema za monitoring i dijagnostiku skolioze u odnosu na konvencionalni način monitoringa i dijagnostike korišćenjem radiografije je eliminacija štetnog rendgenskog zračenja. Informacionom sistem ScolioMedIS je namenjen potrebama Centra za fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju Kliničkog centra u Kragujevcu, ali se takođe može koristiti i za regionalno praćenje i dijagnostikovanje deformiteta kičmenog stuba i u drugim zdravstvenim centrima u zemlji i inostranstvu.This doctoral thesis is a result of integrated and interdisciplinary researches in biomedical field and it describes the development of scoliosis ontology OBR-Scolio and ontology-based information system ScolioMedIS for diagnosing and monitoring of spine deformities. ScolioMedIS enables recording visual examination of the patient with scoliosis using electronic scoliosis forms based on an innovative protocol. In addition, information system ScolioMedIS enables 2D and 3D visualizations of point’s cloud of back; back symmetry line and inner spinal line, as well as automatic determination of Cobb angles in the frontal and sagittal planes in upright standing patient’s position by employing optical scanning method. Furthermore, the information system provides 2D visualizations of back symmetry line, inner spinal line, as well as automatic determination of Cobb angles in the frontal plane, in side bending patient’s position, using digital camera method. Information system ScolioMedIS enables 3D visualization of the patient’s spine by modifying the generic 3D CAD model of the spine according to parameters which are automatically generated by the ScolioMedIS system using optical scanning method. In addition to this, the information system provides automatic determination of Lenke’s type of scoliosis, statistical overviews in short-term or long-term period for analysis and mutual comparison by employing the scoliosis ontology. Considering that in the process of diagnosing and monitoring of scoliosis, ScolioMedIS information system is fully based on optical and non-ionizing methods, the basic advantage of the system usage for monitoring and diagnosis of scoliosis, compared to the conventional radiography based way of scoliosis monitoring and diagnosing is elimination of harmful X-rays. Although information system ScolioMedIS is dedicated for needs of Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in “Clinical Center Kragujevac”, it could be also used for regional monitoring and diagnosing scoliosis in other health centers in the country and abroa

Mathematica software graphical simulation of Iodine isotopes nuclear decay for teaching purposes

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, and these results are parts of the Grant No. 451-03-68/2022-14/200132 with University of Kragujevac - Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak.The aim of this work is to show the simulation of the nuclear decay of Iodine isotopes using the Mathematica software package. The nuclear decay of Iodine occurs most often during nuclear accidents in various types of nuclear facilities, during which radioactive isotopes are produced. Radioactive Iodine isotopes lead to the manifestation of harmful side effects, but with the development of science, it has been established that some of them can be used for diagnostic purposes and to detect certain types of carcinoma. The software package itself makes it possible to actively change the parameters in real time that are characteristic for the nuclear decay of Iodine. Graphically by displaying the exponential curves for decayed and non-decayed nuclei, the ratio of the number of undecayed nuclei as a function of the elapsed time can be directly calculated. The model can be implemented in classes and enables students to better understand nuclear decay in the undergraduate courses of Physics, Physics 2 and Computer simulation of physical phenomena.Publishe

Primena beta trikalcijum-fosfata i goveđeg koštanog matriksa u vođenoj regeneraciji dubokih infrakoštanih parodontalnih oštećenja

Introduction. The primary goal of bone regeneration procedures with application of various regenerative biologic agents and biomaterials is to facilitate the formation of periodontal tissues lost as a result of periodontitis. Objective. The aim of the study was to compare clinical outcome of the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) treatment with the use of β-tricalcium phosphate and with bovine bone matrix in human deep intra-osseous defects. Methods. Twenty-one systemically healthy subjects with moderate to advanced periodontitis, between 30 and 56 years of age, 11 females and 10 males, were selected. Patients having two similar inter-proximal defects with pocket probing depths following initial therapy greater than 5 mm were recruited for the study. Experimental sites were grafted with pure β-tricalcium phosphate biomaterial (Cerasorb®) and a biomembrane, while control sites were treated with bovine-bone hydroxiapatite xenograft (Bio-oss®) and a biomembrane. Immediately before surgery and 12 months after surgery, pocket probing depth (PPD), epithelial attachment level (EAL) and gingival recession (GR) were evaluated. Results. In the experimental group PPD amounted to 6.76±0.83 mm before surgery, and decreased significantly to 2.67±0.48 mm 12 months following surgery, while in the control group PPD significantly decreased from 7.14±0.65 mm presurgically to 2.85±0.57 mm postsurgically. After one year, EAL gain was 2.76±0.99 mm in the experimental group, and 3.24±0.16 mm in the control group. After twelve months postoperatively GR amounted to 1.33±0.79 mm in the experimental group and to 1.05±0.80 mm in the control group. No statistically significant differences for PPD reduction, EAL gain and GR increase were detected between the groups. Conclusion. Results from the present study indicate that GTR treatment of deep intra-osseous defects with Bio-oss® and Cerasorb® resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvement of EAL gain and PPD reduction. A GR was slightly increased, with no statistical significance.Uvod. Za regeneraciju tkiva koje je izgubljeno tokom parodontopatije koriste se razni biološki i sintetski materijali s različitim uspehom. Oni se najčešće primenjuju za obnavljanje pripojnog epitela i gubljenje alveolarne kosti u dubokim infrakoštanim oštećenjima. Cilj rada. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita značaj primene beta trikalcijum-fosfata i hidroksiapatita u lečenju dubokih infrakoštanih oštećenja. Metode rada. U istraživanje je uključena dvadeset i jedna zdrava osoba (11 žena i 10 muškaraca) starosti 30-45 godina kod koje je dijagnostikovana parodontopatija. Kod svih ispitanika ustanovljena su dva slična oštećenja sa dubinom sondiranja džepa od preko 5 mm. Tzv. eksperimentalna strana je tretirana čistim beta trikalcijum-fosfatnim biomaterijalom (Cerasorb®) i biomembranom, dok je tzv. kontrolna strana tretirana hidroksiapatitnim goveđim koštanim ksenograftom (Bio-oss®) i biomembranom. Dubina sondiranja džepa, nivo pripojenog epitela i recesija gingive su zabeleženi neposredno pre intervencije i 12 meseci kasnije. Rezultati. U eksperimentalnoj grupi dubina sondiranja džepa je bila 6,76±0,83 mm pre intervencije, a značajno manja nakon 12 meseci (2,76±0,48 mm). U kontrolnoj grupi ona je bila 7,14±0,65 mm pre intervencije, a značajno manja na kontrolnom pregledu (2,85±0,57 mm). Posle godinu dana nivo pripojenog epitela se povećao 2,76±0,99 mm u eksperimentalnoj grupi, odnosno 3,24±0,16 mm u kontrolnoj. Dvanaest meseci nakon intervencije recesija gingive bila je 1,33±0,79 mm u eksperimentalnoj, odnosno 1,05±0,80 mm u kontrolnoj grupi. Nisu zabeležene statistički značajne razlike u vrednosti dubine sondiranja džepa, nivou pripojenog epitela i recesiji gingive između kontrolne i eksperimentalne grupe. Zaključak. Tretman dubokih infrakoštanih oštećenja beta trikalcijum-fosfatom i hidroksiapatitom dao je dobre kliničke rezultate, budući da se značajno smanjila dubina oštećenja, a nivo pripojenog epitela podigao. Recesija gingive se umanjila, ali bez statistički značajne razlike

Use of electronic design automation tools in computer engineering courses

The research in this paper is part of the project 451-03-68/2022-14/200132 funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools are widely used semiconductor industry to support the ever-growing complexity of computer design, and they became an important skill which is required by computer engineers. In this paper, we present the usage of the EDA Playground web platform for practical exercise in the Digital systems design course at the computer engineering department of the Faculty of technical sciences. This platform was used in process of designing and testing of program counter register of a simple processor.Publishe

Ontology-based information system for diagnosing and monitoring of spinal deformity

U ovom doktorskom radu, koji je rezultat integralnih i interdisciplinarnih istraživanja u oblasti biomedicine, opisan je razvoj ontologije skolioze kičme OBR-Scolio i ontološki baziranog informacionog sistema ScolioMedIS, za dijagnostikovanje i monitoring deformiteta kičmenog stuba. Informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava evidentiranje vizuelnog pregleda pacijenta sa skoliozom, korišćenjem elektronskog kartona skolioze, koji se bazira na inovativnom protokolu. Osim toga, informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava vizuelni 2D i 3D prikaz: spoljašnje linije simetrije leđa, unutrašnje kičmene linije i oblaka tačaka leđa pacijenta, kao i automatsko određivanje Kobovih uglova kičmenih krivina pacijenata u frontalnoj i bočnoj ravni u uspravnom položaju, korišćenjem postupka optičkog skeniranja. Osim toga, informacioni sistem ScolioMedIS omogućava vizuelni 2D prikaz spoljašnje linije simetrije leđa i unutrašnje kičmene linije i određivanja Kobovih uglova u frontalnoj ravni u položajima prilikom savijanja pacijenta u levu i desnu u stranu, korišćenjem digitalne kamere. Nadalje informacioni sistem omogućava i vizuelni 3D prikaz kičme pacijenta, modifikacijom opšteg 3D CAD modela kičme, na osnovu automatski dobijenih parametara iz informacionog sistema ScolioMedIS, korišćenjem postupka optičkog skeniranja. Osim navedenog, korišćenjem ontologije skolioze kičme informacioni sistem obezbeđuje automatsko određivanje tipa skolioze prema Lenkovoj klasifikaciji i ispis statističkih podataka zastupljenosti pojedinih Lenkovih tipova skolioze i njihovih karakteristika u kratkoročnom ili dugoročnom vremenskom periodu, radi analize i međusobnog poređenja. S obzirom da se u procesu dijagnostike i monitoringa skolioze ScolioMedIS informacioni sistem potpuno bazira na korišćenju optičkih, ne-jonizujućih metoda, osnovna prednost korišćenja ovog sistema za monitoring i dijagnostiku skolioze u odnosu na konvencionalni način monitoringa i dijagnostike korišćenjem radiografije je eliminacija štetnog rendgenskog zračenja. Informacionom sistem ScolioMedIS je namenjen potrebama Centra za fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju Kliničkog centra u Kragujevcu, ali se takođe može koristiti i za regionalno praćenje i dijagnostikovanje deformiteta kičmenog stuba i u drugim zdravstvenim centrima u zemlji i inostranstvu.This doctoral thesis is a result of integrated and interdisciplinary researches in biomedical field and it describes the development of scoliosis ontology OBR-Scolio and ontology-based information system ScolioMedIS for diagnosing and monitoring of spine deformities. ScolioMedIS enables recording visual examination of the patient with scoliosis using electronic scoliosis forms based on an innovative protocol. In addition, information system ScolioMedIS enables 2D and 3D visualizations of point’s cloud of back; back symmetry line and inner spinal line, as well as automatic determination of Cobb angles in the frontal and sagittal planes in upright standing patient’s position by employing optical scanning method. Furthermore, the information system provides 2D visualizations of back symmetry line, inner spinal line, as well as automatic determination of Cobb angles in the frontal plane, in side bending patient’s position, using digital camera method. Information system ScolioMedIS enables 3D visualization of the patient’s spine by modifying the generic 3D CAD model of the spine according to parameters which are automatically generated by the ScolioMedIS system using optical scanning method. In addition to this, the information system provides automatic determination of Lenke’s type of scoliosis, statistical overviews in short-term or long-term period for analysis and mutual comparison by employing the scoliosis ontology. Considering that in the process of diagnosing and monitoring of scoliosis, ScolioMedIS information system is fully based on optical and non-ionizing methods, the basic advantage of the system usage for monitoring and diagnosis of scoliosis, compared to the conventional radiography based way of scoliosis monitoring and diagnosing is elimination of harmful X-rays. Although information system ScolioMedIS is dedicated for needs of Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in “Clinical Center Kragujevac”, it could be also used for regional monitoring and diagnosing scoliosis in other health centers in the country and abroa

The remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" aimed for learning design of digital circuits

The application of remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" for learning digital circuits design is described in this paper. The experiment requires installation of Xilinx ISE Design Suite software on students' PCs for designing digital circuits and generating. bit file. There are three ways of designing digital circuits in Xilinx ISE Design Suite software: by programming in VHDL language, by programming in Verilog language or by using schematic diagrams. Working environment of the remote lab consists of Digilent Nexys 2 FPGA platform that is connected with PC. Students connect with the remote lab PC through CEyeClon viewer which also needs to be installed on their PCs together with. Net Framework 4.5. Generated. bit file is loaded through Digilent Adept2 software that is installed on the remote lab PC and used for the FPGA programming. The usage of this experiment enable engineering students to achieve practical experiences and skills for designing and simulating digital circuits using FPGA and to better understand and learn theory of designing digital circuits

Theory reviews - Hardware and software support for testing material on specimens of the small cross section

© 2019 Published by Faculty of Engineering. Testing techniques to obtain the mechanical properties of materials on specimens of the small cross section (miniature specimen) become the subject of numerous researches due to several advantages, in economic and organizational terms. This paper presents the model of the tensile testing device for materials on the specimens of the small cross section, its hardware and software basis. The device proved to be very reliable, so it is suitable for testing the mechanical characteristics of the material, just like the one used for the demonstration of material testing for students

The remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" aimed for learning design of digital circuits

The application of remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" for learning digital circuits design is described in this paper. The experiment requires installation of Xilinx ISE Design Suite software on students' PCs for designing digital circuits and generating. bit file. There are three ways of designing digital circuits in Xilinx ISE Design Suite software: by programming in VHDL language, by programming in Verilog language or by using schematic diagrams. Working environment of the remote lab consists of Digilent Nexys 2 FPGA platform that is connected with PC. Students connect with the remote lab PC through CEyeClon viewer which also needs to be installed on their PCs together with. Net Framework 4.5. Generated. bit file is loaded through Digilent Adept2 software that is installed on the remote lab PC and used for the FPGA programming. The usage of this experiment enable engineering students to achieve practical experiences and skills for designing and simulating digital circuits using FPGA and to better understand and learn theory of designing digital circuits

The use of beta-tricalcium phosphate and bovine bone matrix in the guided tissue regeneration treatment of deep infra-bony defects

Introduction. The primary goal of bone regeneration procedures with application of various regenerative biologic agents and biomaterials is to facilitate the formation of periodontal tissues lost as a result of periodontitis. Objective. The aim of the study was to compare clinical outcome of the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) treatment with the use of β-tricalcium phosphate and with bovine bone matrix in human deep intra-osseous defects. Methods. Twenty-one systemically healthy subjects with moderate to advanced periodontitis, between 30 and 56 years of age, 11 females and 10 males, were selected. Patients having two similar inter-proximal defects with pocket probing depths following initial therapy greater than 5 mm were recruited for the study. Experimental sites were grafted with pure β-tricalcium phosphate biomaterial (Cerasorb®) and a biomembrane, while control sites were treated with bovine-bone hydroxiapatite xenograft (Bio-oss®) and a biomembrane. Immediately before surgery and 12 months after surgery, pocket probing depth (PPD), epithelial attachment level (EAL) and gingival recession (GR) were evaluated. Results. In the experimental group PPD amounted to 6.76±0.83 mm before surgery, and decreased significantly to 2.67±0.48 mm 12 months following surgery, while in the control group PPD significantly decreased from 7.14±0.65 mm presurgically to 2.85±0.57 mm postsurgically. After one year, EAL gain was 2.76±0.99 mm in the experimental group, and 3.24±0.16 mm in the control group. After twelve months postoperatively GR amounted to 1.33±0.79 mm in the experimental group and to 1.05±0.80 mm in the control group. No statistically significant differences for PPD reduction, EAL gain and GR increase were detected between the groups. Conclusion. Results from the present study indicate that GTR treatment of deep intra-osseous defects with Bio-oss® and Cerasorb® resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvement of EAL gain and PPD reduction. A GR was slightly increased, with no statistical significance