Women's reproductive rights in the inter-American system of human rights: conclusions from the Field, June - September 2014

The Inter-American System of Human Rights has proven to be a forum for the advancement of women’s reproductive rights in the Inter-American region. However, the Inter-American System faces significant challenges in promoting structural transformative change that enables women’s enjoyment of their reproductive health rights. This report examines three reproductive rights cases from the Inter- American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: María Mamerita Mestanza Chávez v. Peru; Paulina Ramirez Jacinto v. Mexico; and Artavia Murillo et al. v. Costa Rica. In the summer of 2014, interviews were conducted with representatives in each of the case study countries, with the objective of the research being two-fold: (1) to understand how each of the cases developed, and the subsequent challenges and advancements; and (2) to learn from these cases in order to suggest recommendations for how actors can make better use of the Inter-American System as one of several avenues for protecting, promoting and fulfilling women’s reproductive rights. The report first discusses challenges in implementing women’s reproductive health rights, and then explores how the Inter-American System can strengthen its work on women’s reproductive health rights

Generaci?n de valor p?blico a trav?s de un proyecto sin?rgico de gesti?n de residuos s?lidos en Arequipa Metropolitana

La gesti?n de residuos s?lidos se vincula directamente con la preservaci?n de la salud p?blica y la conservaci?n del medio ambiente, por lo tanto constituye un eje importante para garantizar el ejercicio efectivo de derechos fundamentales de la persona. El diagn?stico del caso de Arequipa Metropolitana permite apreciar que la gesti?n bajo el modelo de administraci?n directa, a cargo de cada municipalidad, puede generar brechas que conllevan a la ineficiencia en el uso de recursos econ?micos, log?sticos y humanos. Sobre esa base, el presente trabajo plantea una propuesta que comprende los servicios de limpieza p?blica y el desarrollo de actividades de valorizaci?n de residuos org?nicos e inorg?nicos, adem?s de promover la inclusi?n de recicladores en el proyecto, a trav?s de una APP Autosostenible. En ese sentido, se busca la generaci?n de valor p?blico mediante la prestaci?n de servicios de calidad, la reducci?n del gasto p?blico, la disminuci?n del impacto ambiental y el fomento de la econom?a circular

Plan de negocios para la creaci?n de un call center de cobranzas enfocado en desarrollar una cultura organizacional que reduzca los altos ?ndices de rotaci?n maximizando los niveles de productividad

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo crear una empresa de call center de cobranzas. A trav?s, de la investigaci?n te?rica y estudios cuantitativos se pudo validar la problem?tica de la rotaci?n y la cultura organizacional en los call center de cobranzas. As? tambi?n, a trav?s de estudios cualitativos como entrevistas, encuestas y focus group se pudo determinar o identificar los principales atributos y caracter?sticas que los clientes valoran al momento de contratar una empresa de call center. Se desarrollaron estrategias que pretende eliminar la brecha que existe entre lo que los clientes desean versus lo que el mercado ofrece. La estrategia de recursos humanos desarrolla una cultura organizacional de clan y mercado para retener al personal y elevar la productividad. La estrategia de marketing plantea un precio similar a la competencia, pero con un servicio diferenciado, por los altos niveles de productividad esperados. As? mismo, la estrategia operativa desarrollada permite identificar los procesos cr?ticos que deber?n ser monitoreados y auditados para evitar fallos que pudieran causar insatisfacci?n de los clientes. Con las estrategias definidas se eval?an los costos e ingresos mediante la evaluaci?n econ?mica que resulta con VAN positivo, que indica que el presente plan de negocios es viable

Charged-particle multiplicity distributions over a wide pseudorapidity range in proton-proton collisions at √s = 0.9, 7 and 8 TeV

We present the charged-particle multiplicity distributions over a wide pseudorapidity range (−3.4<η<5.0) for pp collisions at s√= 0.9, 7, and 8 TeV at the LHC. Results are based on information from the Silicon Pixel Detector and the Forward Multiplicity Detector of ALICE, extending the pseudorapidity coverage of the earlier publications and the high-multiplicity reach. The measurements are compared to results from the CMS experiment and to PYTHIA, PHOJET and EPOS LHC event generators, as well as IP-Glasma calculations

Constraining the magnitude of the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Event Shape Engineering in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV

In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, the event-by-event variation of the elliptic flow $v_2$ reflects fluctuations in the shape of the initial state of the system. This allows to select events with the same centrality but different initial geometry. This selection technique, Event Shape Engineering, has been used in the analysis of charge-dependent two- and three-particle correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} =2.76$ TeV. The two-particle correlator $\langle \cos(\varphi_\alpha - \varphi_\beta) \rangle$, calculated for different combinations of charges $\alpha$ and $\beta$, is almost independent of $v_2$ (for a given centrality), while the three-particle correlator $\langle \cos(\varphi_\alpha + \varphi_\beta - 2\Psi_2) \rangle$ scales almost linearly both with the event $v_2$ and charged-particle pseudorapidity density. The charge dependence of the three-particle correlator is often interpreted as evidence for the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME), a parity violating effect of the strong interaction. However, its measured dependence on $v_2$ points to a large non-CME contribution to the correlator. Comparing the results with Monte Carlo calculations including a magnetic field due to the spectators, the upper limit of the CME signal contribution to the three-particle correlator in the 10-50% centrality interval is found to be 26-33% at 95% confidence level

Constraining the magnitude of the chiral magnetic effect with event shape engineering in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV

In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, the event-by-event variation of the elliptic flow v2 reflects fluctuations in the shape of the initial state of the system. This allows to select events with the same centrality but different initial geometry. This selection technique, Event Shape Engineering, has been used in the analysis of charge-dependent two- and three-particle correlations in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV. The two-particle correlator 〈cos⁡(φα−φβ)〉, calculated for different combinations of charges α and β, is almost independent of v2 (for a given centrality), while the three-particle correlator 〈cos⁡(φα+φβ−2Ψ2)〉 scales almost linearly both with the event v2 and charged-particle pseudorapidity density. The charge dependence of the three-particle correlator is often interpreted as evidence for the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME), a parity violating effect of the strong interaction. However, its measured dependence on v2 points to a large non-CME contribution to the correlator. Comparing the results with Monte Carlo calculations including a magnetic field due to the spectators, the upper limit of the CME signal contribution to the three-particle correlator in the 10–50% centrality interval is found to be 26–33% at 95% confidence level

Dielectron and heavy-quark production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The measurement of dielectron production is presented as a function of invariant mass and transverse momentum (pT) at midrapidity (|ye| < 0.8) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV. The contributions from light-hadron decays are calculated from their measured cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV or 13 TeV. The remaining continuum stems from correlated semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons. Fitting the data with templates from two different MC event generators, PYTHIA and POWHEG, the charm and beauty cross sections at midrapidity are extracted for the first time at this collision energy: dσcc¯/dy|y=0 = 974 ± 138 (stat.) ± 140 (syst.) ± 214(BR) μb and dσbb¯ /dy|y=0 = 79 ± 14 (stat.) ± 11 (syst.) ± 5(BR) μb using PYTHIA simulations and dσcc¯/dy|y=0 = 1417 ± 184 (stat.) ± 204 (syst.) ± 312(BR) μb and dσbb¯ /dy|y=0 = 48 ± 14 (stat.) ± 7 (syst.) ± 3(BR) μb for POWHEG. These values, whose uncertainties are fully correlated between the two generators, are consistent with extrapolations from lower energies. The different results obtained with POWHEG and PYTHIA imply different kinematic correlations of the heavy-quark pairs in these two generators. Furthermore, comparisons of dielectron spectra in inelastic events and in events collected with a trigger on high charged-particle multiplicities are presented in various pT intervals. The differences are consistent with the already measured scaling of light-hadron and open-charm production at high charged-particle multiplicity as a function of pT. Upper limits for the contribution of virtual direct photons are extracted at 90% confidence level and found to be in agreement with pQCD calculations