Decoherence assisting a measurement-driven quantum evolution process

We study the problem of driving an unknown initial mixed quantum state onto a known pure state without using unitary transformations. This can be achieved, in an efficient manner, with the help of sequential measurements on at least two unbiased bases. However here we found that, when the system is affected by a decoherence mechanism, only one observable is required in order to achieve the same goal. In this way the decoherence can assist the process. We show that, depending on the sort of decoherence, the process can converge faster or slower than the method implemented by means of two complementary observables.Comment: Four pages, three figures included ([email protected]

Update on Extended Treatment for Venous Thromboembolism

The importance of assessing the probability of venous thromboembolism recurrence, a condition that includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, lies in the fact that it is the most important factor in deciding the duration of anticoagulant treatment. Risk of recurrence depends mostly on the presence of a risk factor for developing venous thromboembolism, with patients with unprovoked events being at the higher risk of recurrence. The risk of recurrence needs to be balanced with the risk of bleeding and the potential severity of these thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. In patients with an unprovoked venous thromboembolism who complete treatment for the acute (first 10 days) and post-acute phase of the disease (from day 10 to 3-6 months), decision has to be made regarding prolonged antithrombotic therapy to prevent recurrences. The main goal of extended treatment is preventing recurrences with a safe profile in terms of bleeding risk. Many therapeutic options are now available for these patients, including antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or direct oral anticoagulants. Moreover, apixaban and rivaroxaban at prophylactic doses have demonstrated efficacy in preventing recurrences with a low risk of bleeding

Estudio del 2,3 - difosfoglicerato intraeritrocetario, con especial referencia a su papel modulador en el transporte de oxígeno en algunas situaciones clínicas

Tesis Univ. Complutense.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEProQuestpu

Identification of NS2 determinants stimulating intrinsic HCV NS2 protease activity

Hepatitis C Virus NS2-NS3 cleavage is mediated by NS2 autoprotease (NS2pro) and this cleavage is important for genome replication and virus assembly. Efficient NS2-NS3 cleavage relies on the stimulation of an intrinsic NS2pro activity by the NS3 protease domain. NS2pro activation depends on conserved hydrophobic NS3 surface residues and yet unknown NS2-NS3 surface interactions. Guided by an in silico NS2-NS3 precursor model, we experimentally identified two NS2 surface residues, F103 and L144, that are important for NS2pro activation by NS3. When analyzed in the absence of NS3, a combination of defined amino acid exchanges, namely F103A and L144I, acts together to increase intrinsic NS2pro activity. This effect is conserved between different HCV genotypes. For mutation L144I its stimulatory effect on NS2pro could be also demonstrated for two other mammalian hepaciviruses, highlighting the functional significance of this finding. We hypothesize that the two exchanges stimulating the intrinsic NS2pro activity mimic structural changes occurring during NS3-mediated NS2pro activation. Introducing these activating NS2pro mutations into a NS2-NS5B replicon reduced NS2-NS3 cleavage and RNA replication, indicating their interference with NS2-NS3 surface interactions pivotal for NS2pro activation by NS3. Data from chimeric hepaciviral NS2-NS3 precursor constructs, suggest that NS2 F103 is involved in the reception or transfer of the NS3 stimulus by NS3 P115. Accordingly, fine-tuned NS2-NS3 surface interactions are a salient feature of HCV NS2-NS3 cleavage. Together, these novel insights provide an exciting basis to dissect molecular mechanisms of NS2pro activation by NS3

Overview of Global Monitoring of Terrestrial Chlorophyll Fluorescence from Space

Despite the critical importance of photosynthesis for the Earth system, understanding how it is influenced by factors such as climate variability, disturbance history, and water or nutrient availability remains a challenge because of the complex interactions and the lack of GPP measurements at various temporal and spatial scales. Space observations of the sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) electromagnetic signal emitted by plants in the 650-850nm spectral range hold the promise of providing a new view of vegetation photosynthesis on a global basis. Global retrievals of SIF from space have recently been achieved from a number of spaceborne spectrometers originally intended for atmospheric research. Despite not having been designed for land applications, such instruments have turned out to provide the necessary spectral and radiometric sensitivity for SIF retrieval from space. The first global measurements of SIF were achieved in 2011 from spectra acquired by the Japanese GOSAT mission launched in 2009. The retrieval takes advantage of the high spectral resolution provided by GOSATs Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) which allows the evaluation of the in-filling of solar Fraunhofer lines by SIF. Unfortunately, GOSAT only provides a sparse spatial sampling with individual soundings separated by several hundred kilometers. Complementary, the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instruments onboard MetOp-A and MetOp-B enable SIF retrievals since 2007 with a continuous and global spatial coverage. GOME-2 measures in the red and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions with a spectral resolution of 0.5 nm and a pixel size of up to 40x40 km2. Most recently, another global and spatially continuous data set of SIF retrievals at 740 nm spanning the 2003-2012 time frame has been produced from ENVISATSCIAMACHY. This observational scenario has been completed by the first fluorescence data from the NASA-JPL OCO-2 mission (launched in July 2014) and the upcoming Copernicus' Sentinel 5-Precursor to be launched in early 2016. OCO-2 and TROPOMI offer the possibility of monitoring SIF globally with a 100-fold improvement in spatial and temporal resolution with respect to the current measurements from the GOSAT, GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY missions. In this contribution, we will provide an overview of existing global SIF data sets derived from space-based atmospheric spectrometers and will demonstrate the potential of such data to improve our knowledge of vegetation photosynthesis and gross primary production at the synoptic scale. We will show examples of ongoing research exploiting SIF data for an improved monitoring of photosynthetic activity in different ecosystems, including large crop belts worldwide, the Amazon rainforest and boreal evergreen forests

A spatially downscaled sun-induced fluorescence global product for enhanced monitoring of vegetation productivity

Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) retrieved from satellite spectrometers can be a highly valuable proxy for photosynthesis. The SIF signal is very small and notoriously difficult to measure, requiring sub-nanometre spectral-resolution measurements, which to date are only available from atmospheric spectrometers sampling at low spatial resolution. For example, the widely used SIF dataset derived from the GOME-2 mission is typically provided in 0.5∘ composites. This paper presents a new SIF dataset based on GOME-2 satellite observations with an enhanced spatial resolution of 0.05∘ and an 8 d time step covering the period 2007–2018. It leverages on a proven methodology that relies on using a light-use efficiency (LUE) modelling approach to establish a semi-empirical relationship between SIF and various explanatory variables derived from remote sensing at higher spatial resolution. An optimal set of explanatory variables is selected based on an independent validation with OCO-2 SIF observations, which are only sparsely available but have a high accuracy and spatial resolution. After bias correction, the resulting downscaled SIF data show high spatio-temporal agreement with the first SIF retrievals from the new TROPOMI mission, opening the path towards establishing a surrogate archive for this promising new dataset. We foresee this new SIF dataset becoming a valuable asset for Earth system science in general and for monitoring vegetation productivity in particular. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.2905/21935FFC-B797-4BEE-94DA-8FEC85B3F9E1 (Duveiller et al., 2019)

Vigilancia ambiental en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Tantahuatay de la Compañía Minera Coimolache S.A., ubicada en el departamento Cajamarca - 2019

Realiza la vigilancia ambiental de los cuerpos de agua en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Tantahuatay de la Compañía Minera Coimolache S.A., a través de monitoreos de agua, sedimentos e hidrobiología. El periodo de ejecución fue del 14 al 20 de marzo de 2019 y del 29 de mayo al 04 de junio de 2019. Evalúa la calidad del agua y sedimentos en las quebradas Tantahuatay, Tacamache, Azufre, Colorado, Tres Amigos, Puente de la Hierba, Hueco 2 y las lagunas Las Auroras, Los Gentiles, Vira Vira, Melchos y Cueva de Campos. Así como el estado ecológico mediante los macroinvertebrados bentónicos en las quebradas. Contiene los siguientes anexos: Anexo 1. Mapas: Anexo 1.1. Mapa de ubicación, Anexo 1.2. Mapa de puntos de monitoreo del primer monitoreo (marzo), Anexo 1.3. Mapa de puntos de monitoreo del segundo monitoreo (mayo/junio) -- Anexo 2. Reporte de resultados del segundo monitoreo (mayo/junio) -- Anexo 3. Informes de ensayo del primer monitoreo (marzo) -- Anexo 4. Reporte de campo del segundo monitoreo (mayo/junio) -- Anexo 5. Equivalencias de los puntos de monitoreo del OEFA con los de la línea base de los IGA del administrado -- Anexo 6. Documentos de la Dirección de Supervisión Ambiental en Energía y Minas, Anexo 6.1. Acta de supervisión regular (marzo 2019), Anexo 6.2. Reporte de muestreo ambiental

Vigilancia ambiental en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Tucari, de Aruntani S.A.C., ubicada en el departamento de Moquegua – 2019

Realiza la vigilancia ambiental ante la posible afectación de los cuerpos de agua en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Tucari de Aruntani S.A.C., a través de monitoreos de agua, sedimento y comunidades hidrobiológicas. Entre otras conclusiones menciona que la quebrada Apostoloni Sur presentó elevada concentración de metales totales desde su naciente hasta antes de su confluencia con la quebrada Margaritani que afecta la calidad de sus aguas, ya que: 1) aguas abajo del PAD, de la quebrada Apostoloni Norte y del vertimiento PS-02 el pH de esta quebrada es más ácida y registra mayor concentración de arsénico, cobre y manganeso total que superaron los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental para agua 2008, categoría 3; y 2) en el sedimento, se incrementaron las concentraciones de arsénico y cadmio que superaron referencialmente el valor Probable Effect Level (PEL) de la norma canadiense; además, presentaron concentraciones en aluminio, hierro y manganeso y que al estar en un medio ácido también influyeron en la calidad de esta quebrada en abril y octubre. Contiene los siguientes anexos: Anexo 1. Mapa de ubicación de la UM Tucari -- Anexo 2. Mapa de ubicación de los puntos de monitoreo -- Anexo 3. Fichas fotográficas -- Anexo 4. Datos de campo -- Anexo 5. Certificados de calibración de los equipos -- Anexo 6. Cadenas de custodia -- Anexo 7. Informes de ensayo -- Anexo 8. Resultados de la vigilancia ambiental -- Anexo 9. Actas de reunión con la Dirección de Supervisión en Energía y Minas (DSEM) -- Anexo 10. Actas de Evaluación -- Anexo 11. Análisis estadístico -- Anexo 12. Registro audiovisual

Vigilancia ambiental en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Anabi de Anabi S.A.C.

Realiza la vigilancia ambiental ante la presunta afectación de los cuerpos de agua ubicada en el área de influencia de la unidad minera Anabi administrada por Anabi S.A.C. Evalúa la calidad del agua en las quebradas Chonta, Millo y Huisamarca y efluentes provenientes de las pozas de sedimentación que colecta las aguas provenientes de la planta de destrucción de cianuro (QCH-D), botadero de desmonte (QCH-A), tajo Huisamarca (QCH-1) y poza que colecta las aguas del subdrenaje del botadero de desmonte y escorrentía del canal perimétrico del PAD (Eflu-Qhui). Evalúa la calidad del sedimento en las quebradas Chonta, Millo y Huisamarca, y el comportamiento de macroinvertebrados bentónicos y la calidad ecológica. Contiene los siguientes anexos: Anexo 1. Tablas de resultados -- Anexo 2. Mapa de ubicación -- Anexo 3. Mapa de los puntos de monitoreo por componente -- Anexo 4. Ficha fotográfica -- Anexo 5. Datos de campo -- Anexo 6. Certificados de calibración de los equipos -- Anexo 7. Cadena de custodia -- Anexo 8. Informes de ensayo de laboratorio -- Anexo 9. Sistematización de IGA