DISEÑO DE UNA MÁQUINA BOLEADORA PARA INDUSTRIA PANIFICADORA (DESIGN OF A BOLLING MACHINE FOR THE BAKING INDUSTRY)

Resumen El presente proyecto se centra en el diseño de máquina boleadora con el fin de ayudar al panadero a reducir el tiempo de boleado de la masa y aumentar la productividad para la elaboración de pan blanco en el área de producción. El objetivo general de este trabajo es diseñar una máquina boleadora para la industria panificadora, mediante el análisis del proceso actual del pan para la maximización de la producción con reducción del tiempo en el área de producción. La información recolectada se analizó mediante diversas técnicas e instrumentos de origen cualitativo, que sirven de apoyo para obtener la información necesaria para el desarrollo óptimo del proyecto. Por lo que con esta información se logró visualizar de mejor manera el diseño de la máquina para reducir los tiempos y el flujo de trabajo, permitiendo al investigador conocer el funcionamiento de la máquina boleadora para la industria, así como los diferentes modelos de máquinas boleadoras existentes. Con la información obtenida se identificó que las opciones en el mercado son costosas y no se adaptan a las necesidades del panadero convencional, se busca elaborar un diseño sencillo y funcional, tomando en cuenta las necesidades y requerimientos específicos de algunas empresas. Este proyecto tendrá un impacto positivo para las empresas panificadoras, debido a que reducirá notablemente el tiempo invertido en el proceso de boleo de la masa, logrando así una mayor productividad. Abstract This project focuses on the design of a rounding machine to help the baker to reduce the time for rounding the dough and increase productivity for the production of white bread in the production area. The general objective of this work is to design a rounding machine for the bakery industry, by analyzing the current bread process to maximize production with reduced time in the production area. The information collected was analyzed using various techniques and instruments of qualitative origin, which serve as support to obtain the information necessary for the optimal development of the project. Therefore, with this information, it was possible to better visualize the design of the machine to reduce time and workflow, allowing the researcher to know the operation of the rounding machine for the industry, as well as the different models of existing rounding machines. . With the information obtained, it was identified that the options in the market are expensive and do not adapt to the needs of the conventional baker. The aim is to develop a simple and functional design, taking into account the specific needs and requirements of some companies. This project will have a positive impact on bakery companies, since it will significantly reduce the time invested in the dough rolling process, thus achieving greater productivity

Amenorrea primaria y disgerminoma en una paciente con disgenesia gonadal pura, reporte de caso

La amenorrea primaria representa un reto diagnóstico para el médico general y especialista, dado que el espectro etiológico es amplio y se requiere de un adecuado enfoque para garantizar una correcta orientación terapéutica. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 18 años de edad con amenorrea primaria, quien a los 15 años presentó cuadro de abdomen agudo por disgerminoma ovárico. Cariotipo reportado como 46XY, configuró el diagnóstico de disgenesia gonadal pura o síndrome de Swyer. El presente reporte de caso ilustra los principales hallazgos de la disgenesia gonadal pura y ejemplifica el abordaje secuencial diagnóstico de una paciente con amenorrea primaria. Abstract Primary amenorrhea is a diagnostic challenge for Specialists and Primary Care Physicians, for proper treatment is required to perform a clinical approach and rule out differential diagnoses. This is a case report of a 18 years old patient with primary amenorrhea, who at age of 15 years old presented acute abdomen for ovarian dysgerminoma. Karyotype reported 46XY, and pure gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome) was diagnosed. This case report illustrates the main clinical features of pure gonadal dysgenesis and the primary amenorrhea›s clinical approach

Association of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with arterial stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus with mild disease activity

Objectives To examine the association of objectively measured physical activity (PA) intensity levels and sedentary time with arterial stiffness in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with mild disease activity and to analyze whether participants meeting the international PA guidelines have lower arterial stiffness than those not meeting the PA guidelines. Methods The study comprised 47 women with SLE (average age 41.2 [standard deviation 13.9]) years, with clinical and treatment stability during the 6 months prior to the study. PA intensity levels and sedentary time were objectively measured with triaxial accelerometry. Arterial stiffness was assessed through pulse wave velocity, evaluated by Mobil-O-Graph® 24h pulse wave analysis monitor. Results The average time in moderate to vigorous PA in bouts of 10 consecutive minutes was 135.1±151.8 minutes per week. There was no association of PA intensity levels and sedentary time with arterial stiffness, either in crude analyses or after adjusting for potential confounders. Participants who met the international PA guidelines did not show lower pulse wave velocity than those not meeting them (b = -0.169; 95% CI: -0.480 to 0.143; P = 0.280). Conclusions Our results suggest that PA intensity levels and sedentary time are not associated with arterial stiffness in patients with SLE. Further analyses revealed that patients with SLE meeting international PA guidelines did not present lower arterial stiffness than those not meeting the PA guidelines. Future prospective research is needed to better understand the association of PA and sedentary time with arterial stiffness in patients with SLE.This work was supported by Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucia Oriental, Grant numbers: PI-0525-2016 (http:// www.fibao.es/; http://www.ibsgranada.es/) to JAVH. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Maternal serum angiopoietin-like 3 levels in healthy and mild preeclamptic pregnant women

Objective: Angiopoietin-like protein 3(ANGPTL3) is an important regulator of lipoprotein metabolism in the fed state by inhibiting the enzyme lipoprotein lipase in oxidative tissues. However, the possible role of ANGPTL3 throughout gestation and its relationship with hormonal and biochemical variables are still unknown. The aim of this study was to determinate serum ANGPTL3 level in healthy non-pregnant women, during healthy and preeclamptic pregnancy and postpartum. Methods: Serum ANGPTL3 was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in a prospective cohort of healthy pregnant women (n = 52) and women with mild preeclampsia (n = 21), and women at three months postpartum (n = 20) and healthy non-pregnant women (n = 20). The results obtained were correlated with biochemical, hormonal and anthropometric variables and insulin resistance indices. Results: Levels of ANGPTL3 were not different between the follicular and the luteal phases of the cycle in healthy non-pregnant women. There was a significant reduction in serum ANGPTL3 levels from the first to the third trimester in healthy pregnant women compared with healthy non-pregnant and postpartum women (p 0.05) Conclusions: We describe for the first time the profile of ANGPTL3 throughout pregnancy and postpartum as well as and discussed about explore their potential contribution interactions with lipoprotein metabolism throughout pregnancy and postpartum. Thus, low levels of ANGPTL3 during pregnancy might favor lipid uptake in oxidative tissues as the main maternal energy source, while may helping to preserve glucose for use by the fetus and placenta.Fil: Garces, María Fernanda. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Rodriguez Navarro, Haiver Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Buell Acosta, Julieth Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Burgos Cardenas, Alvaro Javier. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Franco Vega, Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Maldonado Acosta, Luis Miguel. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Eslava Schmalbach, Javier. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Parada Baños, Arturo José. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Castro Pinzon, Andres. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Sanchez, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Angel Muller, Edith. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Lacunza, Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Castaño, Justo P.. Universidad de Córdoba; EspañaFil: Dieguez, Carlos. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Nogueiras, Rubén. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Ruiz Parra, Ariel Ivan. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Caminos, Jorge Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombi

Validation of the Amsterdam Pre-surgery Anxiety and Information Scale in Latino American women with breast cancer: Mexico – Costa Rica research

Surgery is the most frequent and efficient treatment for cancer, however, it is an invasive procedure that has been associated with psychological symptoms in up to 76% of patients. Health professional require specific and adapted tools to evaluate anxiety related to surgery, but there are few instruments to evaluate it. An option is the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), which has been validated in multiple countries with patients undergoing different surgeries. Validations have shown APAIS has adequate psychometric properties. Aim: To obtain the reliability and validity of APAIS in the oncology population for the Latin American population. Method: Cross-sectional, non-experimental, psychometric analysis study that included a non-probabilistic sample of 117 women aged between 25 and 75 years, all patients have been diagnosed with breast cancer and have been scheduled for surgery in a public hospital in Mexico (57 women) or Costa Rica (63 women). Results: The six items of the APAIS Scale showed an adequate distribution of the responses of the participants among the response options, the ability to discriminate between extreme groups and contributed to the internal consistency of the instrument. The factor analysis of maximum likelihood with varimax rotation showed a structure that explained 58.58% of the variance with two factors, this structure was confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis. The total scale showed an internal consistency of α = .816. This scale showed adequate sensitivity and specificity with a cut-off point of 14 points. Conclusions: The APAIS scale shows adequate psychometric properties to be considered valid and reliable to evaluate pre-surgical anxiety in patients with cancer

Identification of candidate genes associated with fibromyalgia susceptibility in southern Spanish women: the al‑Ándalus project

Candidate-gene studies on fibromyalgia susceptibility often include a small number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which is a limitation. Moreover, there is a paucity of evidence in Europe. Therefore, we compared genotype frequencies of candidate SNPs in a well-characterised sample of Spanish women with fibromyalgia and healthy non-fibromyalgia women.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [I+D+i DEP2010-15639, I+D+i DEP2013-40908-R to M.D.-F.; BES-2014-067612 to F.E.-L.]; the Spanish Ministry of Education [FPU2014/02518 to M.B.-C.]; the Consejería de Turismo, Comercio y Deporte, Junta de Andalucía [CTCD-201000019242-TRA to M.D.-F.]; Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía [PI-0520-2016 to M.D.-F.], and the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES). This work is part of a Ph.D. Thesis conducted in the Biomedicine Doctoral Studies of the University of Granada, Spai

El hueso, la obesidad y su interacción endocrina

La asociación entre la obesidad y la densidad mineral ósea ha sido un punto controversial al momento de establecer si existe una asociación positiva o negativa entre las mismas. Diversos estudios han propuesto que la obesidad es un factor protector del hueso, debido a la tensión mecánica dada por el peso corporal en la remodelación ósea. Otros estudios plantean que la relación es mucho más compleja debido a que el tejido adiposo y los osteoblastos provienen de líneas germinales comunes. Además, el adipocito tiene la capacidad de secretar diversas moléculas, entre ellas las adipocinas. Adicionalmente, el tejido adiposo es una de las principales fuentes de aromatasa, esto lo involucra en la conversión de andrógenos a estrógenos, que juegan un papel importante en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis ósea. Por lo tanto, se ha planteado el hueso como órgano blanco de diversas vías endocrinas y, a su vez, se considera un órgano endocrino que puede afectar otros órganos cuando está alterado. Por otra parte, se ha visto que la resistencia a la insulina en el contexto de la obesidad está asociada con inflamación crónica de bajo grado, deterioro funcional de órganos y alteración del metabolismo energético, que impacta la remodelación ósea.   Abstract There is controversy over the effect of obesity in bone mineral density. Several studies have proposed that obesity is a protective factor of the bone by the mechanical tension that favors the bone remodeling. However, other studies suggest that this relationship is more complex because both tissues come from a common germ line; emphasizing that the adipocyte secretes diverse molecules, among them adipocinas. In addition, adipose tissue has aromatases that convert androgens into estrogens, having an importance in bone homeostasis. Therefore, the bone has been raised as a target organ of various endocrine pathways, which may affect other organs when it is altered. On the other hand, it has been shown that insulin resistance in the context of obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, functional impairment of organs and impaired energy metabolism, which impacts bone remodeling

La sequía de la península de Yucatán

La sequía es uno de los fenómenos naturales más difíciles de estudiar debido a que no se cuenta con una definición lo suficientemente clara ni con los recursos técnicos para poder predecirla. Es un problema que, en el mundo, se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas como consecuencia del cambio climático. En México, la sequía afecta a más personas que cualquier otra contingencia natural, por lo que se requiere estudiarla para poder prevenir y mitigar sus efectos. En la península de Yucatán (PY), zona privilegiada por tener un vasto manto acuífero, la sequía no se presenta de manera tan catastrófica como en otros estados de la república. La sequía produce pérdidas y bajo rendimiento de cultivos, cabezas de ganado y colmenas, disminución de la calidad de los productos, así como incremento en los costos de producción, lo que produce reducción en el ingreso de los productores. A nivel de los organismos operadores no se registra baja en la disponibilidad de agua durante la época de sequía y sólo se reporta su disminución para consumo humano en algunas localidades en donde el acuífero se encuentra muy profundo o la calidad natural del agua no es adecuada para consumo humano. Sin embargo, al depender la PY casi en su totalidad del acuífero para el abasto del agua, su disponibilidad podría disminuir súbitamente por problemas en la infraestructura del sistema operador o de contaminación (importante por la permeabilidad del sustrato geológico y porque no existen sistemas de drenaje y potabilización de agua suficientes)

Integral care guide for early detection and diagnosis of depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorder in adults. Integral attention of adults with a diagnosis of depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorder part II : general aspects of treatment, management of the acute phase, continuation and maintenance of patients with a depression diagnosis

Introducción El presente artículo busca presentar las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia que surgieron como respuesta a una serie de preguntas clínicas respecto al episodio depresivo y al trastorno depresivo recurrente, haciendo hincapié en los aspectos generales de tratamiento, el tratamiento en la fase aguda y el manejo de la fase de continuación/mantenimiento, con el fin de brindar parámetros de atención en salud basados en la mejor y más actualizada evidencia disponible para lograr los estándares mínimos de calidad en el abordaje de adultos con dichos diagnósticos. Método Se elaboró una guía de práctica clínica bajo los lineamientos de la Guía Metodológica del Ministerio de la Protección Social. Se adaptaron las recomendaciones de las guías NICE90 y CANMAT para las preguntas que estas guías contestaban y se desarrollaron de novo para las preguntas no encontradas. Resultados Se presentan las recomendaciones 5-22 correspondientes al manejo de la depresión.Q4740-773Introduction This article presents recommendations based on evidence gathered to answer a series of clinical questions concerning the depressive episode and the recurrent depressive disorder, with emphasis on general treatment aspects, treatment in the acute phase and management of the continuation/maintenance, all intended to grant health care parameters based on the best and more updated available evidence for achieving minimum quality standards with adult patients thus diagnosed. Methodology A practical clinical guide was elaborated according to standards of the Methodological Guide of the Ministry of Social Protection. Recommendation from NICE90 and CANMAT guides were adopted and updated so as to answer the questions posed while de novo questions were developed. Results Recommendations 5-22 corresponding to management of depression are presented