Dataset of the efficiency of the ultraviolet light activation of persulfate ion for the degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes in synthetic mining wastewater

In recent years, the extraction of gold has become important for the development of nations. However, mining wastewater represents an environmental problem due to its high content of free cyanide-based compounds and weak and strong cyanocomplexes for the use of sodium cyanide to obtain gold from minerals. The experimental data presented show the performance of the elimination of one of the strongest cyanocomplex that can appear in mining wastewater ð½CoðCNÞ6 3Þ by the ultraviolet C activation of persulfate (PS). The removal of total cobalt in solution was used as an indicator of the elimination of the cobalt cyanocomplexes that appear as transformation products from the degradation of ½CoðCNÞ63. The data evidence that strong cyanocomplexes can be eliminated from mining wastewater. The experimental runs were divided into two parts: as a first step, the influence of the UVC light was elucidated. Afterward, five initial concentrations of persulfate ion (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g/L of PS), two pH values (11 and 13) and two additional initial concentrations of contaminant (25 mg/L and 75 mg/L of ½CoðCNÞ63 ) were examined to find the optimalparameter where the highest Co removal is obtained

Photocatalytic degradation of ferricyanide as synthetic gold mining wastewater using TiO2 assisted by H2 O2

Ferricyanide Fe(CN)6 3- is one of the most stable cyanometallic complexes present in the gold mining effluents. This cyanocomplex is hard to degrade by natural attenuation and generates a negative impact on aquatic environments. Although free cyanide (CN- ) can be obtained by acidifying the solution, the CN- is lethal for all forms of life. The oxidation of Fe(CN)6 3- in a typical photocatalitic system was evaluated with the addition of H2 O2. To verify the degradation, chemical parameters, such as free cyanide, the formation of ammonia, nitrate, and total iron were analyzed at the end of the process. Different parameters were evaluated to analyze the behavior of the degradation: 1. dark stage adsorption using the catalyst, 2. the TiO2 dosage, 3. Addition of H2 O2, 4. UV radiation power (120 and 200W) and finally a test of TiO2 with solar radiation. The photolysis effect from a ferricyanide solution at 100 mg L-1 at alkaline pH 13, showed that the complex studied is highly stable since under UV irradiation conditions (λ> 300 nm), a low rate of dissociation was observed. After 24h of irradiation, the cyanocomplex was under 20%, whereas degradations up to 70% were obtained in a heterogeneous photocatalysis system with TiO2. The best result was achieved with the H2O2 and TiO2 photocatalytic system, and the stoichiometric concentration was about 2.5 times less than the peroxide used in the gold mining industry, reaching 83% degradation. The photocatalytic process obtained less toxic byproducts than the original synthetic ferricyanide used as mining wastewater

Ultraviolet light-mediated activation of persulfate for the degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes

The ultraviolet light activation of persulfate (PS) was evaluated for the degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes, which are considered as some of the most recalcitrant compounds present in mining wastewater. The influence of the solution pH (11 and 13), initial concentration of PS (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g/L), dissolved oxygen and initial concentration of contaminant were evaluated. Photolysis results showed that CoCN63- is photosensitive to UVC radiation, while the activation of PS by alkaline pH does not contribute to the degradation of the cyanocomplex. There was no presence of CN- at both solution pH values using UVC/PS. But at pH 13, the degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes and the pseudo-first-order rate constant increased. This was attributed to the effective conversion of SO4•- to HO• and to the increase in the oxidative photolysis of PS at high pH. Additional tests demonstrated better performance of UVC/PS in the absence of oxygen which may be caused by the quenching effect of O2 to the higher energy excited state of the cyanocomplex that must be reached to initiate degradation reactions. Increasing the initial concentration of CoCN63- will increase the amount of Co removed but it represents the higher specific energy consumption

Photocatalytic degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes in a novel LED photoreactor using TiO2 supported on borosilicate sheets: A new perspective for mining wastewater treatment

The photocatalytic degradation of hexacyanocobaltate ion ([Co(CN)6]3−) by TiO2 supported on borosilicate sheets was studied in a novel photoreactor operated under UVA-LEDs irradiation. The presence and absence of O2 during the process, and the reuse of the TiO2-impregnated sheets were evaluated. The semiconductor was supported by the dip-coating method, and the influence of g TiO2/g Methanol (MetOH) ratio in the suspension and substrate roughness modification were evaluated in the detachment percentage and adherence of TiO2. The highest semiconductor detachment percentage was obtained at 0.36 g TiO2/g MetOH ratio. Besides, it was determined that for the ten layers supported, the substrate roughness modification does not influence the detachment of TiO2. In the first photocatalytic tests, the results show that a better degradation performance was achieved by direct photolysis than photocatalysis according to the higher concentration of CN− released from the cyanocomplex. However, a decrease in the concentration of cobalt in solution was not observed. When the sheets were reused, a decrease of 10% in the concentration of cobalt was achieved, and 14% of CN− was released from the cyanocomplex. This was attributed to the formation of microchannels, hollows amongst other imperfections that increase the surface area and active sites of the coating when TiO2 peels off. The simplified kinetics analysis shows that for UV + O2 (oxic environment) UV + N2 (anoxic environment) similar kinetic parameters were obtained, indicating that both processes follow the same homogeneous pathway in the degradation of [Co(CN)6]3−. However, for the UV + TiO2+O2 and UV + TiO2+N2, their different kinetic parameters suggest a non-homogeneous degradation mechanism with different pathways induced by the presence or absence of O2

Criterios doctrinales, normativos y jurisprudenciales relacionados con la duración del proceso en el juzgado civil municipal de Sevilla, Valle del Cauca, en el año 2019

El Estado colombiano de manera permanente hace uso de herramientas por medio de las cuales se intenta beneficiar a la comunidad; las leyes relativas a la justicia en el país se encuentran demarcadas en índices de atención eficaz del proceso, entre otros, que hacen que las personas sientan confianza respecto de su funcionario judicial. Es así como esta investigación se realiza partiendo de la base de un hecho notorio denominado congestión judicial, el cual se encuentra en cada juzgado que se visita en el número de estados publicados a diario, en las pocas sentencias que las personas esperan, y en la evidente carga de trabajo para los operadores jurídicos, por lo que la investigación es necesaria para dejar una evidencia real con casos en particular de los juzgados civiles municipales de un municipio de Sevilla, Valle del Cauca, en el cual existe una población bastante amplia y los funcionarios judiciales se ven abocados a conocer diversos procesos de naturaleza civil, y al conocimiento de acciones de tutela.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereira -- Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales -- Especialización en Derecho Procesal, Probatorio y OralidadThe Colombian State, on a permanent basis, makes use of tools by means of which it tries to benefit the community, the laws related to justice in the country are marked by care efficiency of the process, among others, that make people feel confident about their judicial officer. Thus, as this investigation is carried out on the basis of a notorious fact called judicial management, which is found in every court visited in the number of states published daily, in the few sentences that people expect, in the obvious workload for legal operators. It is for this reason that the investigation is done to leave real evidence with particular cases of the municipal civil courts of a municipality in which there is a fairly large population and judicial officials are forced to learn about various processes of a civil nature and the knowledge of guardianship actions

Degradation of hexacyanoferrate (III) ion by the coupling of the ultraviolet light and the activation of persulfate at basic pH

The ultraviolet light activation of persulfate (PS) under alkaline conditions was evaluated for treating hexacyanoferrate (III) ion ([Fe(CN)6]3-). The effect of the wavelength type (i.e., UVA and UVC), initial PS concentration (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 g L−1), and pH value (11 and 13) on the degradation of 50 mg L−1 of [Fe(CN)6]3- were studied. Finally, the role of the main degrading agents (SO4•-, O2•-, or HO•) involved in the degradation process was determined using scavengers and a degradation pathway for [Fe(CN)6]3- was proposed. Results show that [Fe(CN)6]3- can be decomposed by UVC light, while UVA is not effective neither in [Fe(CN)6]3- photolysis nor in the activation of PS. Alkaline activation alone at pH 13 can also not degrade the cyanocomplex. However, the combination of UVC with PS (0.3 g L−1) at pH 13 showed high efficiency in the elimination of [Fe(CN)6]3-, achieving 93.3% of removal after 125 min of treatment. The highest CN- release and Fe dissolved removal also occurs at pH 13 and 0.3 g L−1 PS. Further increases in initial PS concentrations may lead to an excess of radicals in solution, resulting in detrimental recombination reactions that affect the efficiency of the process. Quenching tests showed that the importance of radicals involved in the degradation of [Fe(CN)6]3- follows the order: HO• > O2•- >>> 1O2 or SO4•-, and allowed to demonstrate that singlet oxygen could participate in the UVC photolysis of [Fe(CN)6]3-. All these results suggest the feasibility of this technology to treat this type of industrial wastewater efficiently

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Metodología para la revisión bibliográfica y la gestión de información de temas científicos, a través de su estructuración y sistematización

Este documento presenta una metodología para búsqueda, organización y análisis de la documentación en cualquier campo de investigación, facilitando la adquisición de la información disponible y la identificación de los principales autores, el número de publicaciones por año, las principales áreas de trabajo y las tendencias futuras de un tema propuesto. Se presenta también una aplicación de la metodología para el tema de �Análisis de la respuesta en frecuencia con el transformador energizado (FRA on-line)�

Recent Developments in the Photocatalytic Treatment of Cyanide Wastewater: An Approach to Remediation and Recovery of Metals

For gold extraction, the most used extraction technique is the Merrill-Crow process, which uses lixiviants as sodium or potassium cyanide for gold leaching at alkaline conditions. The cyanide ion has an affinity not only for gold and silver, but for other metals in the ores, such as Al, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, and other toxic metals like Hg, As, Cr, Co, Pb, Sn, and Mn. After the extraction stage, the resulting wastewater is concentrated at alkaline conditions with concentrations up to 1000 ppm of metals. Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) able to generate a photoreaction in the solid surface of a semiconductor activated by light. Although it is well known that photocatalytic processes can remove metals in solution, there are no compilations about the researches on photocatalytic removal of metals in wastewater with cyanide. Hence, this review comprises the existing applications of photocatalytic processes to remove metal and in some cases recover cyanide from recalcitrant wastewater from gold extraction. The use of this process, in general, requires the addition of several scavengers in order to force the mechanism to a pathway where the electrons can be transferred to the metal-cyanide matrices, or elsewhere the entire metallic cyanocomplex can be degraded by an oxidative pathway