Removal of Azo Dyes Through a Natural Coagulant Obtained from Coffee Waste (coffea Arabica)

The present work evaluated the performance of coffee (Coffea Arabica) Caturra variety waste extracts for the removal of two azo dyes used in the textile industry. Ultrasonic extractions were performed to evaluate the effect of particle size and type of residue on the concentration of polyphenols in the extracts, finding that the dehydrated pulp with a particle diameter of 3.375 mm is the residue with the highest yield with 6.96 ± 0.08 milligrams of Gallic Acid in a gram of dry base (mgGAE/gBD); The extract of polyphenolic compounds was dosed in synthetic waters with azo dyes to test its efficacy as a coagulant, using a jar test by varying the doses and pH. It was found that the maximum removal for the acid red dye was 59.37 % of the acid red dye #88 (RD-88) at a concentration of 15 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of the natural coagulant at acid pH and 49.76 % of the acid yellow dye #36 (YD-36) at a concentration of 15 mg/L of the polyphenolic extract at neutral pH. Finally, the results obtained were compared with the performance of aluminum sulfate (AS), which achieved a 65.44% removal of YD-36 at a concentration of 15 mg/L at neutral pH and 95.04% of RD-88 at a concentration of 10 mg/L of metallic coagulant at acid pH. natural coagulants obtained from coffee residues have the potential to be used in the removal of cationic dyes by coagulation processes, it is necessary to carry out tests to optimize the process and improve the coagulant by means of chemical modifications and the use of complementary flocculants

Polarimetric imaging for the detection of synthetic models of SARS-CoV-2: A proof of concept

Objective: To conduct a proof-of-concept study of the detection of two synthetic models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using polarimetric imaging. Approach: Two SARS-CoV-2 models were prepared as engineered lentiviruses pseudotyped with the G protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus, and with the characteristic Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Samples were prepared in two biofluids (saline solution and artificial saliva), in four concentrations, and deposited as 5-µL droplets on a supporting plate. The angles of maximal degree of linear polarization (DLP) of light diffusely scattered from dry residues were determined using Mueller polarimetry from87 samples at 405 nm and 514 nm. A polarimetric camera was used for imaging several samples under 380–420 nm illumination at angles similar to those of maximal DLP. Per-pixel image analysis included quantification and combination of polarization feature descriptors in 475 samples. Main results: The angles (from sample surface) of maximal DLP were 3° for 405 nm and 6° for 514 nm. Similar viral particles that differed only in the characteristic spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2, their corresponding negative controls, fluids, and the sample holder were discerned at 10-degree and 15-degree configurations. Significance: Polarimetric imaging in the visible spectrum may help improve fast, non-contact detection and identification of viral particles, and/or other microbes such as tuberculosis, in multiple dry fluid samples simultaneously, particularly when combined with other imaging modalities. Further analysis including realistic concentrations of real SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in relevant human fluids is required. Polarimetric imaging under visible light may contribute to a fast, cost-effective screening of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens when combined with other imaging modalities.12 página

Thiophene- and silarylene-containing polyesters. Resonance effect on conductivity after polarization in an external electric field

Polyesters were synthesized by direct polycondensation of thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid and five different silarylene-containing diphenols using a tosyl chloride/pyridine/N,N-dimethylformamide system as a condensing agent. Polymers were obtained in good yields and were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and NMR ( 1H, 13C, 135-DEPT and 29Si) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All polymers were completely soluble in aprotic organic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The range of effective mass of the polymers (m/z) was 1 × 10 5-2 × 10 5, determined using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Asymmetry and steric hindrance prevented dense packing of the polymeric chains, showing glass transition temperatures between - 78 and - 51 °C and loss of thermal stability at 177-199 °C (10% weight loss). Additionally, the melting points of the polyesters were found to be in the range 62-67 °C. Because of this, the samples we

Volumen II. Tomo II. Catálogo de biodiversidad de las regiones andina, pacífica y piedemonte amazónico. Nivel Local. Volumen 2 Tomo 2. Serie Planeación ambiental para la conservación de la biodiversidad en áreas operativas de Ecopetrol

Bogotá, D. C.Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbold

Agreement in the assessment of metastatic spine disease using scoring systems

Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Biodiversidad 2017. Estado y tendencias de la biodiversidad continental de Colombia

En la cuarta versión del Reporte, que corresponde al año 2017, es una obligación preguntarnos cuál ha sido y es el papel de esta publicación y si ha abarcado la diversidad de formas y conceptos que definen el estado y el futuro de la biodiversidad colombiana. Las temáticas que constituyen la columna vertebral de cada uno de los reportes anuales responden a temas de pertinencia, nivel de incidencia y actualidad desde cada uno de los diferentes niveles de organización de la biodiversidad y buscan responder las siguientes preguntas fundamentales: 1) ¿Cómo se encuentra la biodiversidad del país? 2)¿Qué factores, en dónde y en qué medida está siendo afectada? 3)¿Cuáles son las iniciativas que desde la sociedad civil o a nivel de políticas públicas buscan evitar esa pérdida? 4)¿Cuáles son las grandes oportunidades para mejorar su gestión y manejo? Si bien evaluar la incidencia que puede tener el Reporte sobre acciones de gestión no es tarea fácil, se debe reconocer la buena acogida que han tenido los textos, las ilustraciones y la cifras entre los distintos tipos de lectores y el papel fundamental que ha jugado el Reporte en comunicar información de altísima calidad sobre la biodiversidad colombiana en diferentes momentos coyunturales. En ese sentido esta publicación es cada vez más una herramienta de consulta y referencia que está abierta al público tanto en formato impreso como digital, y de la misma manera busca fortalecerse para continuar brindando información relevante para la toma de decisiones en materia ambiental.BogotáSubdirección de Investigacione