Biogenic factors explain soil carbon in paired urban and natural ecosystems worldwide

12 páginas.- 4 figuras.- 49 referencia.- Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01646-z .- Full-text access to a view-only version (Acceso a texto completo de sólo lectura en este enlace) https://rdcu.be/c8vZiUrban greenspaces support multiple nature-based services, many of which depend on the amount of soil carbon (C). Yet, the environmental drivers of soil C and its sensitivity to warming are still poorly understood globally. Here we use soil samples from 56 paired urban greenspaces and natural ecosystems worldwide and combine soil C concentration and size fractionation measures with metagenomics and warming incubations. We show that surface soils in urban and natural ecosystems sustain similar C concentrations that follow comparable negative relationships with temperature. Plant productivity’s contribution to explaining soil C was higher in natural ecosystems, while in urban ecosystems, the soil microbial biomass had the greatest explanatory power. Moreover, the soil microbiome supported a faster C mineralization rate with experimental warming in urban greenspaces compared with natural ecosystems. Consequently, urban management strategies should consider the soil microbiome to maintain soil C and related ecosystem services.This study was supported by a 2019 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators, BBVA Foundation (URBANFUN), and by BES Grant Agreement No. LRB17\1019 (MUSGONET). M.D-B., P.G-P., J.D. and A.R. acknowledge support from TED2021-130908B-C41/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ Unión Europea NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.D.-B. also acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the I + D + i project PID2020-115813RA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. M.D.-B. was also supported by a project of the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and the Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades of the Junta de Andalucía (FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 Objetivo temático ‘01 - Refuerzo de la investigación, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación’) associated with the research project P20_00879 (ANDABIOMA). D.J.E. was supported by the Hermon Slade Foundation. J.P.V. thanks the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) (EEQ/2021/001083, SIR/2022/000626) and the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India (DST/INT/SL/P-31/2021) and Banaras Hindu Univeristy-IoE (6031)-incentive grant for financial assistance for research in plant-microbe interaction and soil microbiome. J.D. and A. Rodríguez acknowledge support from the FCT (2020.03670.CEECIND and SFRH/BDP/108913/2015, respectively), as well as from the MCTES, FSE, UE and the CFE (UIDB/04004/2021) research unit financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC).Peer reviewe

Improving hovering performance of tethered unmanned helicopters with nonlinear control strategies

Abstract-Hovering capabilities of unmanned helicopters can be seriously affected by wind effects. One possible solution for improving hovering performance under such circumstances is the use of a tethered setup that takes advantage of the tension exerted on the cable that links the helicopter to the ground. This paper presents a more elaborated strategy for helicopter control in this augmented setup that extends previous work on the subject by the authors. Particularly, a combination of classical PID control laws together with model inversion blocks constitutes the base of the new controller. Additionally, feed-forward action for counteracting rotational couplings is also accounted for. The resulting nonlinear control structure considers the complex and nonlinear nature of the tethered system in a better way. Several demonstrating simulations under artificially generated wind influences are presented to endorse the validity of the new proposed controller

Are skilled birth attendants really skilled? A measurement method, some disturbing results and a potential way forward

OBJECTIVE: Delivery by a skilled birth attendant (SBA) serves as an indicator of progress towards reducing maternal mortality worldwide - the fifth Millennium Development Goal. Though WHO tracks the proportion of women delivered by SBAs, we know little about their competence to manage common life-threatening obstetric complications. We assessed SBA competence in five high maternal mortality settings as a basis for initiating quality improvement. METHODS: The WHO Integrated Management of Pregnancy and Childbirth (IMPAC) guidelines served as our competency standard. Evaluation included a written knowledge test, partograph (used to record all observations of a woman in labour) case studies and assessment of procedures demonstrated on anatomical models at five skills stations. We tested a purposive sample of 166 SBAs in Benin, Ecuador, Jamaica and Rwanda (Phase I). These initial results were used to refine the instruments, which were then used to evaluate 1358 SBAs throughout Nicaragua (Phase II). FINDINGS: On average, Phase I participants were correct for 56% of the knowledge questions and 48% of the skills steps. Phase II participants were correct for 62% of the knowledge questions. Their average skills scores by area were: active management of the third stage of labour - 46%; manual removal of placenta - 52%; bimanual uterine compression - 46%; immediate newborn care - 71%; and neonatal resuscitation - 55%. CONCLUSION: There is a wide gap between current evidence-based standards and provider competence to manage selected obstetric and neonatal complications. We discuss the significance of that gap, suggest approaches to close it and describe briefly current efforts to do so in Ecuador, Nicaragua and Niger

Desarrollo de celdas solares basadas en películas delgadas fase2

IP 1101-05-277-97Arbey, Rodriguez, Gerardo Gordillo. -- no. 183 (1998); p.-352360. -- Evolution of the phases and chemical;composition during the formation of CIS thin films prepared byinterdiffusion process in selenides layers / P.;Teheran, Gilberto Cediel, Luz M. Caicedo, Hilderbrando Leal, Jairo Arbey Rodriguez, Gerardo Gordillo. -- En:;Crystal Growth. -- no. 183 (1998); p. 352-360. -- Structural andelectrical properties of DC sputtered;molybdenum films / Gerardo Gordillo, M. Grizalez, L.C. Hernandez. -- En: Solar energy materials and solar;cells. -- no. 51 (abr.-agos. 1998); p. 327-337. -- Estudiodepropiedadescristalograficas de peliculas;delgadas de ZnxCd1 xS y CdSeyS1-y / Giberto Cediel, J. torresLuz m. Caicedo, Hilderbrando Leal, Gerardo;Gordillo. -- En: Revista mexicana de fisica. -- Vol. 3, no. 43(ene.-agos.1998); p. 97-100. -- Estudio de;mecanismos de transporte electrico en peliculas delgadas de SnO2/ H. Mendez, Gerardo Gordillo. -- En: Revista;performance of TCO/CdS/CdTe solar cells / Gerardo gordillo, M.Grizalez, Luis Carlos Moreno, F. Landazabal. --;En: Phys.stat solar. -- (2000); p. 215. -- caracterizacionoptica de peliculas delgadas de CdSxTe1-x;mexicana de fisica. -- Vol. 4, no. 44 (ene.- jun. 1998); p. 17-9181. -- Influence of the optical window on the;depositadas por evaporacion / A. Dussan, J.C. Giraldo y gerardoGordillo.'-- en: Revista colombiana de fisica.; Vol. 32, no. 1 (2000). -- Descripcion del metodo de deposicion de peliculas delgadas de CdSxTe1-x. -- En:;Revista colombiana de fisica. -- Vol. 32, no. 1 (2000). --Resultados y Discusion. -- En: Revista colombiana;de fisica. -- Vol. 32, no. 1 (2000). -- Influence of the oxygenpartial pressure on the opto electrical;properties of ZnO thin films deposited by reactive evaporation/Gerardo Gordillo, J. Olarte, C. Calderon. --;En: Phys. Stat. Solar. -- (2000); p. 293. -- pH effect onthedeposition of CdS on ZnO and SnO: F substrates;by CBD method / Luis Carlos Moreno, J.W. Sandino, N. Hernandez,Gerardo Gordillo. -- En: Phys. Stat. Solar. --;(2000); p. 289. -- PONENCIA(S) EN CONGRESO: Preparation and optpelectroniccharacterization of ZnO thin films;deposited by reactive evaporation / Gerardo Gordillo, C. Calderon, J. Olarte, J Sandino, H. Mendez. -- En:;World conference and exhibition on photovoltaic solar energy conversion. (2 : 1998 Jul. 6-10 : Vienna,;Austria). -- Bogotá : Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 1998.--p. 1-3 ;28 cm.;ARTICULO(S) EN REVISTA: Characterization of CdSxTe1-x thinfilmsthrough thermoelectric power measurements /;C. Jacome, M. Florez, Y. G. Gurevich, J.Giraldo, G Gordillo. --En: Institute of physics publishing. -- no.;34 (2001); p. 1-6. -- Properties of ZnO thin films prepared byreactive evaporation / Gerardo Gordillo, C.;Calderon. -- En: Solmat. -- (2001). -- Characterization ofSnO2thin filmsthrough thermoelectric power;measurements / Gerardo Gordillo, B. Paez, C. Jacome, J.M.Florez. -- no. 342 (1999); p. 160-166.-- Evolution;of the phases and chemical composition during the formation ofCIS thin films prepared by interdiffusion;process in selenides layers / P. Theheran, Gilberto Cediel, LuzM. Caicedo, L. Cota, Hilderbrando Leal, Jair

Galectin-3 and its relation with the risk of mortality and repeated readmissions due to cardiovascular causes.

<p>Gal-3 was modelled linearly with the gradient of risk, and centered at a threshold of risk of 17.8 ng/ml. A) Gal-3 and the risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with CA125 >67 U/ml. B) Gal-3 and the risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with CA125 ≤67 U/ml. C) Gal-3 and the risk of cardiovascular rehospitalization in patients with CA125 >67 U/ml. D) Gal-3 and the risk of cardiovascular rehospitalization in patients with CA125 ≤67 U/ml. Estimates for cardiovascular mortality adjusted for age, etiology, prior admission for acute heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction<50%, glomerular filtration rate, NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide, treatment with beta blocker and treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Estimates for cardiovascular rehospitalization adjusted for age, etiology, prior admission for acute heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction, pleural effusion, prior stroke, prior myocardial infarction, implantable cardiac defibrillator, blood urea nitrogen, NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide, and treatment with beta blocker. Gal-3: galectin-3; CA125: antigen carbohydrate 125.</p

Desarrollo de dispositivos semiconductores basados en películas delgadas

IP 1101-05-025-92with multilayer structure / G. Gordillo, J. Torres. -- En:ThinSolid Films. -- Vol. 310 (1997); p. 310-316.;'-- Efecto de La temperatura del sustrato sobre La respuesta espectral de fotoconductores basados en peliculas;delgadas de compuestos II-VI (Zn, Cd and S) / G. Gordillo,J.Torres. -- En: Revista Colombiana de fisica. --;Vol. 29, no 2 (1997); p. 131-134. -- Caracterizacion electricade peliculas delgadas semiconductoras de ZnO,;Zno:F y ZnO: Au/Pd / G. Gordillo. ... [et. al]. -- En: RevistaColombianade fisica. -- Vol. 29, no. 2 (1997);p. 139-142. -- Medidas de la respuesta espectral de celdassolares de peliculas delgadas de SnO2/CdS/CdTe / G.;Gordillo, W. de la Cruz. -- En: Revista Colombiana de fisica.--Vol. 29,no. 2 (1997); p. 123-126. --;PONENCIA(S) EN CONGRESO: Surface segregation in CuInSe2 thin films / G. Gordillo, P. Teheran, L. Cota. -- En:;European Photovoltaic Solar energy Conference (1995 Oct :413287: Nice, France). -- Nice, 1999. -- p. -- 28;cm.;ARTICULO(S) EN REVISTA: Preparation and characterization of SnO2thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis;from SnCl4 precursors / G. Gordillo. ... [et. al]. -- En:thinSolid Films. -- Vol. 252 (1994); p. 61-66. --;Preparacion y caracterizacion de peliculas delgadas de CdSdepositadas porel metodo CBD (chemical bath;deposition) / L. Moreno. ... [et. al]. -- En: Revista Colombianade Fisica. -- Vol. 27 (1995); p. 463-466. --;A simple method to determine the optical constants and thicknesses of ZnxCd1-xS thin films / G. Gordillo. ...;[et. al]. En: Thin Solid Films. -- Vol. 289 (1996); p. 238-241.'-- Determination of the optical constants of;policrystalline CdS thin films prepared by evaporation / G. Gordillo. ...[et. al] . -- En: Advances in;Materials Science y Technology. -- Vol. 1, no. 1 (1996); p. 7-12. -- ISSN13162012. -- Preparation and;characterization of CdTe thin films deposited by CSS / G.Gordillo, J. M.Florez, L. C. Hernandez. -- En:;Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. -- Vol. 37 (1995);p.273-281. --Evolution of the phases and chemical;composition during the formation of CIS thin films prepared byinterdiffusion process in selenides layers / G.;Gordillo. -- [et. al]. -- En: Journal of cristal Growth. -'- Vol.183 (1998); p. 352-360. -- CuInSe2:;estructura multicapa y sensores de gases tipo taguchi, fabricados con peliculas delgadas de ZnO depositadas;Journal of Physics. -- Vol. 26, no. 1 (Mar. 1996); p. 274-276.-'- Effect of gas chemisorption on the;electrical conductivity of ZnO thin films / G. Gordillo, C. Calderon. -- En: Materials Science y Technology.; Vol. 1, no. 1 (1996); p. 01-05. -- Photoconductors basedonZnxCd1_xS and CdSe1_ySy thin films, fabricate

Smartphone screen testing, a novel pre-diagnostic method to identify SARS-CoV-2 infectious individuals

The COVID-19 pandemic will likely take years to control globally, and constant epidemic surveillance will be required to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2, especially considering the emergence of new variants that could hamper the effect of vaccination efforts. We developed a simple and robust - Phone Screen Testing (PoST) - method to detect SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals by RT-PCR testing of smartphone screen swab samples. We show that 81.3-100% of individuals with high-viral-load SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal-positive samples also test positive for PoST, suggesting this method is effective in identifying COVID-19 contagious individuals. Furthermore, we successfully identified polymorphisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants, in SARS-CoV-2-positive PoST samples. Overall, we report that PoST is a new non-invasive, cost-effective, and easy-to-implement smartphone-based smart alternative for SARS-CoV-2 testing, which could help to contain COVID-19 outbreaks and identification of variants of concern in the years to come