Multi-spin dynamics of the solid-state NMR Free Induction Decay

We present a new experimental investigation of the NMR free induction decay (FID) in a lattice of spin-1/2 nuclei in a strong Zeeman field. Following a pi/2 pulse, evolution under the secular dipolar Hamiltonian preserves coherence number in the Zeeman eigenbasis, but changes the number of correlated spins in the state. The observed signal is seen to decay as single-spin, single-quantum coherences evolve into multiple-spin coherences under the action of the dipolar Hamiltonian. In order to probe the multiple-spin dynamics during the FID, we measured the growth of coherence orders in a basis other than the usual Zeeman eigenbasis. This measurement provides the first direct experimental observation of the growth of coherent multiple-spin correlations during the FID. Experiments were performed with a cubic lattice of spins (19F in calcium fluoride) and a linear spin chain (19F in fluorapatite). It is seen that the geometrical arrangement of the spins plays a significant role in the development of higher order correlations. The results are discussed in light of existing theoretical models.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Pengaruh Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, dan Kecerdasan Spiritual terhadap Kinerja Wirausaha Muslim di Kabupaten Purwakarta

Islam is a comprehensive religion. Islam is not only discussing about the dimension of ukhrowi (hereafter) but also world. One of that dimension is practicing of entrepreneur. Practicing of entrepreneur is one of the way to get a performance's successful. In Islamic perspective, the success of muslimpreneur performance is associated in word of Al falah. Al falah is a success concept for muslimpreneur in the world and hereafter. There are many factors that affect the success of muslimpreneur performance. Human intelligent as the main factor surrounding of that. According to the phenomenon, this research aims to examine the effect of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual quotient toward the muslimpreneur performance. This research used descriptive analityc method. The population of this research is the Islamic small entreprise in Purwakarta regent with 86 number of samples. Double-linier-regression is used as analysis instrument. Library and field research as the dimension of research through questionnaire. The result of this research indicates first, partially, the muslimpreneur performance is insignificantly affected by intellectual and emotional quotient variable. Only the spiritual quotient that significantly affects toward the muslimpreneur perfomance. Second, simultanously, the muslimpreneur performance is significantly affected by the variable of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual quotient. This research is limited in independend variable. Exploring the most essential independen variable should be done in order to get better result. Keywords : Intelellectul quotient, emotional quotient, spiritual quotient, muslimpreneur performance, and Al falah

Prediction of Citizens' Decisions on Transport Mode Choice in Bandung City, Indonesia by Using General Linear Model Given Existing Level of Pedestrian Friendly Environment

Significant contribution of non-motorized transport to energy and environment has changed the view of people on walking or cycling as one of transport modes. While promoting mass rapid transport, modern cities tend to promote pedestrianization as well to encourage people to walk instead of relying on motorized transport. Creating pedestrian friendly environment in particular parts of the city, especially in CBD, is one such attempt. This study tries to investigate the correlation between perceptions of the citizens on pedestrian friendly environment (PFE) and their decision on the choices of transport modes. The central business district of Bandung City in Indonesia was chosen as the study area. A questionnaire-based research was used to acquire data on citizens' perception. Eight variables were employed to understand citizens' perception on PFE. The result shows that PFE does influence citizens' decision on their transport modes choice

PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DOSEN DAN FASILITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR (STUDI PADA MAHASISWA PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA BIDANG EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA)

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan variabel Kompetensi Dosen dan Fasilitas Pembelajaran sebagai variabel terikat. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 25. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Kompetensi Dosen dan Fasilitas Belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Hasil Belajar. Dan seluruh variabel terikat berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap hasil belajar dengan F hitung sebesar 58,156 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05. Dan nilai Rsquare menunjukkan hasil sebesar 0,553 yang berarti seluruh variabel dependen mempunyai pengaruh secara simultan sebesar 55,3%

Hierarchical multiple regression modelling on predictors of neighbourhood satisfaction in violence-induced segregated urban environments

Violence-induced segregated urban environments (VISUE) are quite unique urban centres for their characteristic of neighbourhood sharing among residents before the resultant parting triggered by violence. Yet, not much is known about the neighbourhood satisfaction of inhabitants in this type of urban setting. Such knowledge can provide hints on the factors to be prioritized in planning for improvement of neighbourhood satisfaction of residents in these cities. This paper thus examines the key predictors of neighbourhood satisfaction in a VI-SUE. Household heads (n = 289), cutting across the three identifiable types of neighbourhoods in Jos, Nigeria, expressed their level of satisfaction on a 71-item self-administered structured survey instrument. The principal component analysis with varimax rotation option explored 10 factors to represent the examined attributes of the neighbourhood environment. The third (final) in the sequence of hierarchical regression models estimated, indicates that none of the socio-economic and demographic attributes and dwelling attributes is significant in pre-dicting neighbourhood satisfaction in VISUE. Three factors: neighbourhood safety and stability, social relationships, and neighbourhood facilities and services, emerge as the key predictors of neighbourhood satisfaction. On the basis of these findings, these three attributes are required to be given precedence in any policy action aiming to improve residents’ satisfaction with their neighbourhoods in VI-SUE

Optimization of dye extraction from Cordyline fruticosa via response surface methodology to produce a natural sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells

AbstractIn the present work, the application of response surface methodology (RSM) for the optimization of process parameters in the chlorophyll extraction from Cordyline fruticosa leaves was performed. The absorbance of the extract obtained from the extraction process under different conditions was estimated using the D-optimal design in RSM. Three different process parameters such as the nature of organic solvent based on their boiling point (ethanol, methanol, and acetonitrile), pH (4–8) and extraction temperature (50–90°C) were optimized for chlorophyll extraction. The effects of these parameters on the absorbance or concentration of the extract were evaluated using ANOVA results of quadratic polynomial regression. The results showed a high R2 and adjusted R2 correlation coefficients of 0.9963 and 0.9921 respectively. Moreover, the analysis of the final quadric model based on the design experiments indicated an optimal extraction condition of pH of 7.99, extraction temperature of 78.33°C, and a solvent boiling point, 78°C. The predicted absorbance was 1.006, which is in good agreement with the experimentally obtained result of 1.04 at 665nm wavelength. The application of pigment obtained under the optimal condition was further evaluated as a sensitizer for the dye sensitized solar cells. Maximum solar conversion efficiency (η) of 0.5% was achieved for the C. fruticosa leaf extract obtained under the optimum extraction conditions. Furthermore, the exposure of the leaf pigment to 100mW/cm2 simulated sunlight yielded a short circuit photocurrent density (Isc) of 1.3mA, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 616mV, and a fill factor (ff) of 60.16%

Trypanosoma brucei aquaglyceroporin 2 is a high-affinity transporter for pentamidine and melaminophenyl arsenic drugs and the main genetic determinant of resistance to these drugs.

OBJECTIVES: Trypanosoma brucei drug transporters include the TbAT1/P2 aminopurine transporter and the high-affinity pentamidine transporter (HAPT1), but the genetic identity of HAPT1 is unknown. We recently reported that loss of T. brucei aquaglyceroporin 2 (TbAQP2) caused melarsoprol/pentamidine cross-resistance (MPXR) in these parasites and the current study aims to delineate the mechanism by which this occurs. METHODS: The TbAQP2 loci of isogenic pairs of drug-susceptible and MPXR strains of T. brucei subspecies were sequenced. Drug susceptibility profiles of trypanosome strains were correlated with expression of mutated TbAQP2 alleles. Pentamidine transport was studied in T. brucei subspecies expressing TbAQP2 variants. RESULTS: All MPXR strains examined contained TbAQP2 deletions or rearrangements, regardless of whether the strains were originally adapted in vitro or in vivo to arsenicals or to pentamidine. The MPXR strains and AQP2 knockout strains had lost HAPT1 activity. Reintroduction of TbAQP2 in MPXR trypanosomes restored susceptibility to the drugs and reinstated HAPT1 activity, but did not change the activity of TbAT1/P2. Expression of TbAQP2 sensitized Leishmania mexicana promastigotes 40-fold to pentamidine and >1000-fold to melaminophenyl arsenicals and induced a high-affinity pentamidine transport activity indistinguishable from HAPT1 by Km and inhibitor profile. Grafting the TbAQP2 selectivity filter amino acid residues onto a chimeric allele of AQP2 and AQP3 partly restored susceptibility to pentamidine and an arsenical. CONCLUSIONS: TbAQP2 mediates high-affinity uptake of pentamidine and melaminophenyl arsenicals in trypanosomes and TbAQP2 encodes the previously reported HAPT1 activity. This finding establishes TbAQP2 as an important drug transporter

Effects of deposition time on of cobalt sulfide thin film electrode formation

Cobalt sulfide counter electrodes (CE) were prepared using the electrodeposition and ionic exchange deposition method on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO). Time deposition effect of thin film were analyzed by using a field emission scanning X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscopic (AFM), and profilometry. The electrocatalytic activities of electrode were measured using cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis. The growth of cobalt sulfide structure was confirmed by XRD. Therefore, the optimum deposition time of cobalt sulfide thin film electrode at 10 min was exhibiting the higher electrocatalytic activity with cathodic current and surface roughness of -3.36 mA.cm-2 and 34 nm, respectively

Renal Arterial Calibre after Acute Unilateral Ureteric Occlusion

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72406/1/j.1440-1673.1970.tb02908.x.pd

Review of Polymer, Dye-Sensitized, and Hybrid Solar Cells

The combination of inorganic nanoparticles semiconductor, conjugated polymer, and dye-sensitized in a layer of solar cell is now recognized as potential application in developing flexible, large area, and low cost photovoltaic devices. Several conjugated low bandgap polymers, dyes, and underlayer materials based on the previous studies are quoted in this paper, which can provide guidelines in designing low cost photovoltaic solar cells. All of these materials are designed to help harvest more sunlight in a wider range of the solar spectrum besides enhancing the rate of charge transfer in a device structure. This review focuses on developing solid-state dye-synthesized, polymer, and hybrid solar cells