Uso del teléfono celular para mejorar las sub-habilidades de la expresión oral en estudiantes de Odontología

This research aimed to contribute to develop appropriately the two sub-skills of the oral expression of the English language as a foreign language. The population was composed by 30 students of the first level of the School of Dentistry of Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo in the academic period April-August 2016. The study was quasi-experimental and the didactic proposal was developed as a complement to the activities in class considered in the syllabus of the English subject. The strategy was applied in 20 lessons both inside and outside the classroom for three months. A test was applied before and after the execution of the methodological strategy. In the same way, the survey technique was used by means of two questionnaires, one directed to the students and the other to the teachers to know the degree of satisfaction after working with the proposal developed. The results showed that the students were more confident working autonomously at their own pace through listening to audios in English and then recording their conversations until they consider that their pronunciation and intonation are the most appropriate in relation to the original audio they worked with. Progress was evidenced in 31.46% of the participants, comparing the results of the applied tests. Finally, it can be said that the proposed strategy is innovative, useful and easy to use by teachers in their classes.La investigación tuvo como objetivo contribuir a desarrollar apropiadamente las dos sub-habilidades de la expresión oral del idioma inglés como lengua extranjera. La población estuvo compuesta por 30 estudiantes del primer nivel de la escuela de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo en el período académico abril-agosto 2016. El estudio fue cuasi-experimental y la propuesta didáctica se desarrolló como un complemento a las actividades en clase consideradas en el sílabo de la asignatura de inglés. La estrategia se aplicó en 20 sesiones clases tanto dentro como fuera del aula durante tres meses. Se aplicó un test antes y después de la ejecución de la estrategia metodológica. De igual manera se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta por medio de dos cuestionarios, uno dirigido a los estudiantes y otro a los docentes para conocer el grado de satisfacción después del trabajar con la propuesta desarrollada. Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes se mostraron más seguros trabajando autónomamente a su propio ritmo a través de escuchar audios en inglés y posteriormente grabar sus conversaciones hasta que consideren que su pronunciación y entonación es la más adecuada en relación al audio original con el que trabajaron. Se evidenció progreso en el 31,46% de los participantes, comparando los resultados de los test aplicados. Finalmente, se puede decir que la estrategia propuesta es innovadora, útil y fácil de usar por los docentes en sus clases

Evaluation of the written skills in english and its development

El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue evaluar las habilidades escritas que sirva de base para la elaboración de una estrategia que permita su desarrollo. Para ello se identificó las dimensiones de estructura, contenidos, escritura y uso de recursos. Las dimensiones fueron evaluadas a través de una rúbrica mediante la aplicación de un conjunto de actividades contempladas en plan de estudio y desarrolladas mediante un cronograma. La investigación fue descriptiva estadística, de campo y bibliográfica. La muestra fue intencional y estuvo constituida por 32 estudiantes de primer nivel de la Facultad de Administración de Empresas de la Escuela Superior de Chimborazo entre hombres y mujeres. Los estudiantes presentaban similares características, ya que cursan la asignatura y tienen los mimos recursos en el proceso de aprendizaje del idioma inglés. El instrumento aplicado para la obtención de los datos fue elaborado, revisado y aprobado por expertos en el área. Los resultados obtenidos fueron filtrados, tabulados, analizados e interpretados a través de tablas y gráficos. Lo que permitió establecer que los estudiantes presentan problemas en la habilidad de la escritura, pues los componentes evaluados de estructura, contenidos, escritura y uso de recursos necesitan ser atendidos mediante una estrategia para su desarrollo.The objective of this research was to evaluate the written skills that serve as the basis for the development of a strategy that allows its development. For this, the dimensions of structure, contents, writing and use of resources were identified. The dimensions were evaluated through a rubric through the application of a set of activities contemplated in the study plan and developed through a schedule. The research was descriptive statistical, field and bibliographic. The sample was intentional and consisted of 32 first-level students of the Facultad de Administration de Empress de la Escuela Superior Polytechnical de Chimborazo between men and women. The students presented similar characteristics because they study the subject and have the same resources in the process of learning the English language. The instrument applied to obtain the data was prepared, reviewed and approved by experts in the area. The results obtained were filtered, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted through tables and graphs. This allowed us to establish that students have problems in writing ability, since the evaluated components of structure, content, writing and use of resources need to be addressed through a strategy for their development

Comparisons between glucose analogue 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose and (18)F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography in breast cancer patients with bone lesions

To compare 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose((18)F-FDG) and (18)F-sodium ((18)F-NaF) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) accuracy in breast cancer patients with clinically/radiologically suspected or known bone metastases

Sequential dose-dense 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel in patients with early breast cancer with four or more positive lymph nodes.

Aim The aim of present study was to investigate the feasibility of a densified sequence of FEC75 (5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, epirubicin 75 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2) and docetaxel 100 mg/m2 (D100) in patients with primary operable highrisk breast cancer. Methods Fifty-one consecutive patients with resectable breast cancer and 4 or more positive axillary lymph nodes were enrolled. After a common regimen of 4 cycles of FEC75 given every 14 days, patients received 4 cycles of D100 every 14 days. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered subcutaneously at 5 mg/kg daily from days 5 to 10 to each patient. Results The primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects receiving at least 85% of the relative dose intensity (rDI) both in the FEC and docetaxel parts of the regimen. In view of the high percentage of grade 3–4 skin toxicity (32%) observed in the first 25 patients (Group A) during D100 treatment, it was decided to continue the study using a docetaxel dose reduced by 15% (85 mg/m2; D85). This second group of 26 patients was defined as Group B. Of the total 51 patients, 38 (75%) received docetaxel rDI ≥85%, 23/26 patients (88.5%) and 15/25 patients (60.0%) in Group B and Group A, respectively. The observed grade 3–4 hematological and nonhematological toxicities were in line with data from the literature. The only significant difference was the higher percentage of grade 3–4 skin toxicity experienced with D100. Conclusion This study failed to demonstrate the feasibility of a dose-dense FEC-D regimen with docetaxel 100 mg/m2. Docetaxel 85 mg/m2 seems to allow a higher rDI than docetaxel 100 mg/m2 but this should be confirmed in a larger cohort of patients. </jats:sec

Clinico-pathological associations and concomitant mutations of the RAS/RAF pathway in metastatic colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Over the past few years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become reliable and cost-effective, and its use in clinical practice has become a reality. A relevant role for NGS is the prediction of response to anti-EGFR agents in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), where multiple exons from KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF must be sequenced simultaneously. METHODS: We optimized a 14-amplicon NGS panel to assess, in a consecutive cohort of 219 patients affected by mCRC, the presence and clinico-pathological associations of mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens collected for diagnostics and research at the time of diagnosis. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant association of RAS mutations with sex, young age, and tumor site. We demonstrated that concomitant mutations in the RAS/RAF pathway are not infrequent in mCRC, and as anticipated by whole-genome studies, RAS and PIK3CA tend to be concurrently mutated. We corroborated the association of BRAF mutations in right mCRC tumors with microsatellite instability. We established tumor side as prognostic parameter independently of mutational status. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first monocentric, consecutively accrued clinical mCRC cancer cohort tested by NGS in a real-world context for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA. Our study has highlighted in clinical practice findings such as the concomitance of mutations in the RAS/RAF pathway, the presence of multiple mutations in single gene, the co-occurrence of RAS and PIK3CA mutations, the prognostic value of tumor side and possible associations of sex with specific mutations.status: publishe