Evaluación de las características morfométricas de las subcuencas de la región Grijalva-Villahermosa (RH30D) en el sureste de México

El análisis morfométrico es clave para identificar y establecer comparaciones entre las diferentes características geomorfológicas, topográficas, morfodinámica e hidrológica en cuencas hidrográficas con limitaciones en la información climática. El sureste de México se ha caracterizado por recurrentes eventos de inundación y la vulnerabilidad a los efectos adversos asociados. El principal objetivo de la investigación es evaluar las relaciones estadísticas de 12 parámetros morfométricos y examinar su significado para agrupar las subcuencas con características morfométricas similares, y así analizar la homogeneidad en el comportamiento morfodinámico e hidrológico en las 26 subcuencas de la Región Hidrológica Grijalva-Villahermosa (RH30D) del sureste de México. Los resultados revelaron cuatro grupos de subcuencas distintos. El grupo 1 mostró correlaciones positivas con patrones de drenaje eficientes, mientras que el grupo 4 se asoció a tendencias de inundación debido a avenidas fuertes y grandes caudales. Aunque los grupos 2 y 3 presentaron valores cercanos a la media en la mayoría de los parámetros, se observan diferencias al tener valores inversos para Relación de Bifurcación (RB) y Frecuencia de corrientes. Por un lado, el grupo 3 presenta patrones de drenaje controlados por estructuras geológicas (altos valores de RB), el grupo 2 muestra un alto número de corrientes por unidad de área, de lo que se infiere respuestas hidrológicas más rápidas. Se busca contribuir al conocimiento, la investigación y toma de decisión en los temas relacionados

Modelling Species Richness and Functional Diversity in Tropical Dry Forests Using Multispectral Remotely Sensed and Topographic Data

Efforts to assess and understand changes in plant diversity and ecosystem functioning focus on the analysis of taxonomic diversity. However, the resilience of ecosystems depends not only on species richness but also on the functions (responses and effects) of species within communities and ecosystems. Therefore, a functional approach is required to estimate functional diversity through functional traits and to model its changes in space and time. This study aims to: (i) assess the accuracy of estimates of species richness and tree functional richness obtained from field data and Sentinel-2 imagery in tropical dry forests of the Yucatan Peninsula; (ii) map and analyze the relationships between these two variables. We calculated species richness and functional richness (from six functional traits) of trees from 87 plots of the National Forest Inventory in a semi-deciduous tropical forest and 107 in a semi-evergreen tropical forest. Species richness and functional richness were mapped using reflectance values, vegetation indices, and texture measurements from Sentinel-2 imagery as explanatory variables. Validation of the models to map these two variables yielded a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.43 and 0.50, and a mean squared relative error of 25.4% and 48.8%, for tree species richness and functional richness, respectively. For both response variables, the most important explanatory variables were Sentinel-2 texture measurements and spectral bands. Tree species richness and functional richness were positively correlated in both forest types. Bivariate maps showed that 44.9% and 26.5% of the forests studied had high species richness and functional richness values. Our findings highlight the importance of integrating field data and remotely sensed variables for estimating tree species richness and functional richness. In addition, the combination of species richness and functional richness maps presented here is potentially valuable for planning, conservation, and restoration strategies by identifying areas that maximize ecosystem service provisioning, carbon storage, and biodiversity conservation

I do it for myself : A study on motivational differences between contracted and permanent employees in Sweden

Over the past decades outsourcing decades outsourcing has become an increasing trend.Firms decide to outsource in order to increase their profits or flexibility and many differentfunctions of the firm may be outsourced, one of them being the Human Resource (HR)function. When it comes to HR outsourcing, recruitment and selection are among the morecommon functions to be outsourced (Ordanini & Silvestri, 2008:373). The motivation foroutsourcing of HR is to reduce cost and increase efficiency (Elmuti, Grunewald and Abebe,2010:177). Outsourcing of HR functions like recruitment can also have negative aspect, forexample lack of loyalty and high turnover (Fisher et al, 2008:202). Previous research hasinvestigated how commitment and loyalty is affected by HR outsourcing (Connelly &Gallagher, 2004:963) and one aspect that has been touched upon but not dealt withexclusively is motivation and therefore this paper will explore it further. Using the following research question: How does motivation vary between individuals working at a company butare hired through a staffing firm versus hired directly by the company? This paper tries to both evaluate the existing literature and provide practicalimplications for managers. In order to explore this question and abductive research approachhas been used where the data and theory are intertwined and played of each other to achievethe purpose (Alvesson & Sköldberg, 2009:4). The data collection consists of eight semistructuredinterviews, four with people hired directly by the company and four that are orhave previously been hired through a staffing company. The study found that the theoretical framework does for the most part explain themotivational behavior of both groups studied, and that the two groups are not alwaysmotivated in the same way. Those hired directly by the company are more interested inreceiving praise, relationships at work, and receiving small tokens of appreciation. The grouphired by staffing companies was more often motivated by an internal drive to satisfythemselves and did not value work relationships to the same extent. The research also showedthat the individual rather than the form of employment plays a big role when it comes to howpeople are motivated. It was also made apparent that education and work situation wereimportant factors influencing the respondent’s motivation