Influence of refining processes on content of bioactive compounds, rheology, and texture of olive pomace oil for use in topical formulations

Retaining the bioactive ingredients of olive pomace oil is a crucial step in ensuring their functional or pharmaceutical value. To help select the best method for retaining bioactive compounds in olive pomace oil, three refining processes, namely, chemical, classical physical, or molecular distillation, were compared at different temperatures. For each method, the contents of triacylglycerols, fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic, and linolenic acids), triterpenic acids (oleanolic and maslinic acids), and unsaponifiable matter (squalene, aliphatic, sterols, and terpenic) were studied. We observed that physical refining by molecular distillation provided oils with interesting amounts of bioactive compounds, especially triterpenic acids. Of these oils, the samples submitted to a temperature of 190°C exhibited a greater albeit low acidity compared with the other oils obtained by chemical and classical physical refining but exhibited higher amounts of all bioactive compounds. Conversely, the molecular distillation refining process had only a slight effect on the values of the consistency index. The firmness, cohesiveness, and adhesiveness parameters from texture profile analysis indicated that in general, all deodorized oils had high smoothness and spreadability but low adhesiveness. Molecular distillation was concluded to be the best refining process. Nevertheless, it is necessary to improve the working conditions of this process. Practical applications: Olive pomace oil has all functional compounds of extra virgin olive oil, but with a higher concentration of some minor components. It is, therefore, very interesting to use it in skin care formulations. However, for use in the pharmaceutical field must be refined. This study aimed to provide determine the influence of different refining processes (chemical refining, classical physical refining, or physical refining by molecular distillation at different temperatures) in determining the composition of bioactive compounds. The best refining process was selected based on the analytical determination of bioactive compounds by gas chromatography. Results indicated that molecular distillation is the best refining process. Nevertheless, it is necessary to improve the working conditions. Scheme of the extraction and refining processes to which olive pomace oil is subjected, to achieve the lowest losses of bioactive compounds for use in topical formulations

Cultivo, cosecha y postcosecha en el sistema productivo cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.).

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an aromatic plant with high culinary demand in Mexico and one of the agricultural products from Puebla that is exported to the United States. This product has been affected by FDA Import Alert 24-23 that prohibits its export, due to the detection of pathogens associated with disease outbreaks among consumers. The objective of this research was to carry out a diagnosis of the production, harvest and post-harvest process (in the packaging units of the producing region) to characterize the stages in the process and to assess capacities that require consolidation to achieve product safety. Through the application of surveys and interviews applied to producers, packers, operators and safety advisors, combined with an analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT), we carried out characterization of production, harvest and packaging processes. As a complementary activity, key stakeholders were trained in the Fresh Produce Safety course (endorsed by the Produce Safety Alliance) and their participation was evaluated. In conclusion, it appears that the system is disorganized and there are deficiencies concerning safe handling of the product. High productive capacity was observed in a region suffering from a high degree of marginalization, poverty, insecurity and environmental deterioration, suggesting that the problems have multifactorial origins and must be analyzed from a perspective that considers social, economic and environmental aspects.El cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) es una planta aromática con alta demanda culinaria en México y uno de los productos agrícolas de Puebla que se exporta a los Estados Unidos. Este producto ha sido afectado por la Alerta de importación 24-23 de la FDA que prohíbe su exportación, debido a la detección de patógenos aso­ciados a brotes de enfermedades en consumidores. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un diagnóstico del proceso de producción, cosecha y postcosecha (en las unidades de empaque de la región productora) para caracterizar las etapas del proceso y conocer las capacidades que deben fortalecerse para lograr la inocuidad del producto. Mediante la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas aplicadas a productores, empacadores, operadores y asesores de inocuidad, y un análisis de Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas (FODA), se rea­lizó la caracterización de los procesos de producción, cosecha y empaque. Como actividad complementaria se realizó la capacitación de los actores clave con el curso Inocuidad de Productos Frescos (avalado por la Produce Safety Alliance) y se evaluó su participación. Se concluyó que existe una desarticulación del sistema y carencias en el manejo inocuo del producto. Se observó una alta capacidad productiva en una región con alto grado de marginación, pobreza, inseguridad y deterioro ambiental, que sugiere que los problemas pueden tener un origen multifactorial y deben tratarse desde un análisis que considere las dimensiones social, económica y ambiental

REDACCIÓN DE TEXTOS NARRATIVOS EN EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA: COMPARATIVA DE RECURSOS DIDÁCTICOS PARA SU EVALUACIÓN

The act of writing texts is a common practice in the classroom and teachers suffer difficulties to assess writing ability due to poor teacher training and to the lack of tools to assess this skill. Therefore, we plan to explore if the rubric could be a good tool for assess Primary Education students’ narrations. A total of 128 stories written by Primary Education students were analyzed using: a standardized test (PROESC: assessment of writing processes), a rubric and, also, the texts were graded by 4 teachers (unaware of the research). Also was taken into account the qualifications in Spanish language obtained by students that wrote the texts. The results show that the relationship between the criteria that evaluate similar elements of PROESC and rubric is significant in all cases. This trend of results has also been located between the two tools, the grade of teachers and the grade in Spanish Language; aspect that is positive to the validity of the rubric explored.Redação é uma prática comum na avaliação de sala de aula e professor cria dificuldades devido à falta de formação pedagógica dos docentes e a falta de ferramentas para avaliar essa capacidade. Por isso, propusemos para determinar se uma rúbrica seria apropriadapara avaliar histórias no Ensino Fundamental. Um total de 128 histórias escritas por alunos do ensino fundamental foram analisados através da aplicação: um teste padronizado (PROESC: avaliação dos processos de escrita), uma rúbrica e avaliação de quatro professores de fora do estudo. Também foram levadas em conta as notas obtidas do curso da Língua Espanhola das alumnos participantes. Os resultados mostram que existe uma relação significativa entre as pontuações dos critérios o PROESC e aos criterios a rúbrica quando avaliam aspectos semelhantes. Esta tendência também ocorre entre estas duas ferramentas, avaliação de profesores e notas de Língua Espanhola; beneficiando a validade da proposta rúbrica.Redação é uma prática comum na avaliação de sala de aula e professor cria dificuldades devido à falta de formação pedagógica dos docentes e a falta de ferramentas para avaliar essa capacidade. Por isso, propusemos para determinar se uma rúbrica seria apropriadapara avaliar histórias no Ensino Fundamental. Um total de 128 histórias escritas por alunos do ensino fundamental foram analisados através da aplicação: um teste padronizado (PROESC: avaliação dos processos de escrita), uma rúbrica e avaliação de quatro professores de fora do estudo. Também foram levadas em conta as notas obtidas do curso da Língua Espanhola das alumnos participantes. Os resultados mostram que existe uma relação significativa entre as pontuações dos critérios o PROESC e aos criterios a rúbrica quando avaliam aspectos semelhantes. Esta tendência também ocorre entre estas duas ferramentas, avaliação de profesores e notas de Língua Espanhola; beneficiando a validade da proposta rúbrica

Intravitreal, retinal, and central nervous system foscarnet concentrations after rapid intravenous administration to rabbits

Retinal, vitreous humor, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) foscarnet levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography after administration of an intravenous dose of 120 mg/kg of body weight to 32 pigmented rabbits. A pharmacokinetic analysis was done using a two- compartment model. The penetration ratios, defined as ratios of retinal, vitreous humor, brain, and CSF areas under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 2 h were 110% ± 1%, 12.3% ± 0.7%, 118% ± 1%, and 20.2% ± 2.2%, respectively. These results suggest a good penetration of foscarnet into the retinal and brain tissues, reaching higher concentrations than those estimated from vitreous humor and CSF levels.Comisóión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología SAF97-0012Consejería de Salud Junta de Andalucía 64/9

Efecto de la presencia de refugios en el desarrollo de juveniles tempranos de Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda; Parastacidae)

Background: Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) is an australian freshwater crayfish (Decapoda, Parastacidae) of great commercial importance in tropical and subtropical countries. One of the most timpor- tant aspects to increase its commercial production is to optimize growth and survival rates, wich change with developmental phase and habitat quality. Goals: Determine shelters presence effect, on growth and survival rates of early juveniles through of different shelter number per crayfish. Methods: Three densities were assayed: without shelters (T1), one shelter per individual (T2), and two shelters per individual (T3). Thirty juvenile cray fish on III development state (external feeding onset) (114.33 ± 3.5 mg) were kept in 1000 L tanks, with two replicates per treatment, at 24 °C, for 92 days. Crayfish were fed every day with commercial balanced feed (48% protein). Results: Growth rates were higher in treatments T2 and T3 (0.065 and 0.055 g d-1), both significantly different fromT1 (0.030 gd-1). In contrast, no significant difference was found among treatments in relative growth weight to length,which showed a positive allometry (b = 3.09-3.26) and final survival either (80-85%). Conclusions: Presence and number of shelters increase growth of freshwater crayfish, notably .One shelter per individual is enough to obtain early juveniles Cherax quadricarinatus with high weights and lengths.Antecedentes: Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) es una langosta australiana de agua dulce (De- capoda, Parastacidae), con gran importancia comercial en países tropicales y subtropicales. Uno de los as- pectos más relevantes para incrementar su producción comercial es optimizar las tasas de crecimiento y de sobrevivencia, las cuales cambian con el período de desarrollo y la calidad del hábitat. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto de la presencia de refugios sobre el crecimiento y supervivencia de juveniles tempranos, a través de diferente número de refugios por langosta. Métodos: Se dispusieron 30 juveniles en estadio III de desarrollo (inicio de la alimentación exógena) con un peso de 114.33 ± 3.5 mg, en cada uno de seis contenedores de 1000 L (Área = 1m2). Se probaron tres densidades de refugios (tratamientos T): sin refugios (T1), con 1 refugio por individuo (T2) y con 2 refugios por individuo (T3) con dos réplicas por tratamiento. Los juveniles se mantuvieron a 24oC, durante 92 días. Se alimentaron con alimento balanceado para camarón (48% proteína), al 10% de su peso. Resultados: Las tasas de crecimiento más altas se obtuvieron en los tratamientos T2 y T3 (0.065 y 0.055 g d-1), significativamente diferentes de T1 (0.030 gd-1). Por el contrario, no hubo diferencias significativas entre tratamientos, en el crecimiento relativo del peso vs. la longitud, que fue de tipo alométrico positivo (b = 3.09 a 3.26), ni en la supervivencia final (80-85%). Conclusiones: La presencia y el número de refugios incrementan notablemente el crecimiento de las langostas. Un refugio por individuo es suficiente para obtener juveniles tempranos de C. quadricarinatus con pesos y longitudes altos

Síndrome de Bouveret: presentación clínica y manejo quirúrgico

El síndrome de Bouveret es una forma extremadamente rara de obstrucción de la salida gástrica que ocurre después del paso de un cálculo biliar desde la vesícula biliar hacia el duodeno o el píloro a través de una fístula bilioentérica. Debido a que esta patología es poco frecuente no existen guías estandarizadas para su manejo. En este artículo, revisamos las principales manifestaciones clínicas de esta patología, los métodos diagnósticos y manejo quirúrgico en pacientes con síndrome de Bouveret, ya que la falta de diagnóstico precoz puede conllevar a elevadas tasas de complicaciones y muerte, por lo tanto, es crucial realizar un diagnóstico precoz para un óptimo manejo

De Nueva España a México : El universo musical mexicano entre centenarios (1517-1917)

742 págs. Imágenes color y b/n. Partituras musicales.El fenómeno de las conmemoraciones culturales siempre ha sido un terreno abonado para la producción cultural y artística del que se han valido los Estados para ofrecer interpretaciones legitimadoras e ideologizadas de la historia, articuladas en torno a las ideas de memoria, nación y progreso. El presente volumen, resultado de una triple conmemoración (el centenario de la Revolución Mexicana y la publicación de la primera historia de la música en México de Alba Herrera –1917–, por un lado; y la llegada del militar andaluz Francisco Hernández de Córdoba a la costa de la península del Yucatán –1517–, por otro), presenta una visión retrospectiva de la historia musical mexicana a lo largo de esas cuatro centurias. Frente a la rígida división cronológica impuesta por ciertas narrativas, se ofrece así una noción inclusiva, actual e informada del universo musical mexicano en toda su multiplicidad y riqueza de matices, integrando las épocas colonial e independiente como lo que realmente son: partes constitutivas de la memoria musical, histórica, cultural y política del país, con las luces y las sombras propias de cualquier otro periodo

Adynaton 5

Revista de narrativa y poesía escrita en los talleres literarios de CETYS Universidad."Adynaton" es una revista del Círculo de Letras de CETYS Universidad

¿Qué queda de mí?

Este libro es una reclamación a quienes hemos sido, somos o seremos docentes. A quienes no hemos respetado a las personas que se han puesto junto a nosotros y nosotras, confiando su bien más preciado: la libertad. Estas páginas denuncian cada vez que convertimos una visión en la visión, una emoción en la emoción, un saber en el saber, un comportamiento en el comportamiento. Es un grito contra la imposición, la normalización, la neutralización y la universalización de una perspectiva particular. Una pugna contra cada proceso que no se ha conectado con las vidas de los aprendices. Un texto colaborativo realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga y coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros