3,701 research outputs found
An implicit boundary finite element method with extension to frictional sliding boundary conditions and elasto-plastic analyses
Implicit boundary methods, which enrich the interpolation structure with implicit weight functions, are straightforward methods for the enforcement of Dirichlet boundary conditions. In this article, we follow the implicit boundary method that uses approximate step functions (the step boundary method) developed by Kumar et al. and provide modifications that have several advantages. Roller boundary conditions have wide practical applications in engineering, however, the step boundary method for roller boundary conditions with inclinations has yet to be fully formulated through to the final linear system of equations. Thus we provide a complete derivation that leads to simplified sti↵ness matrices compared to the original approach, which can be implemented directly in fictitious domain finite element analysis. The approach is then extended, we believe for the first time, to the nonlinear cases of frictional boundary conditions and elasto-plastic material behaviour. The proposed formulation and procedures are validated on a number of example problems that test di↵erent aspects of the method
Plasma-nitrided Ga2O3(Gd2O3) as interfacial passivation layer for InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor with HfTiON gate dielectric
published_or_final_versio
Solubility of strontium-substituted apatite by solid titration
Solid titration was used to explore the solubility isotherms of partially (Srx-HAp, x = 1, 5, 10, 40, 60 mol.%) and fully substituted strontium hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp). Solubility increased with increasing strontium content. No phase other than strontium-substituted HAp, corresponding to the original titrant, was detected in the solid present at equilibrium; in particular, dicalcium hydrogen phosphate was not detected at low pH. The increase in solubility with strontium content is interpreted as a destabilization of the crystal structure by the larger strontium ion. Carbonated HAp was formed in simulated body fluid containing carbonate on seeding with Sr10-HAp, but the precipitate was strontium-substituted on seeding with Sr-HAp. Strontium-substituted HAp might be usable as a template for the growth of new bone, since nucleation appears to be facilitated. © 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.postprin
Solubility of strontium-substituted apatite by solid titration
Solid titration was used to explore the solubility isotherms of partially (Srx-HAp, x = 1, 5, 10, 40, 60 mol.%) and fully substituted strontium hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp). Solubility increased with increasing strontium content. No phase other than strontium-substituted HAp, corresponding to the original titrant, was detected in the solid present at equilibrium; in particular, dicalcium hydrogen phosphate was not detected at low pH. The increase in solubility with strontium content is interpreted as a destabilization of the crystal structure by the larger strontium ion. Carbonated HAp was formed in simulated body fluid containing carbonate on seeding with Sr10-HAp, but the precipitate was strontium-substituted on seeding with Sr-HAp. Strontium-substituted HAp might be usable as a template for the growth of new bone, since nucleation appears to be facilitated. © 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.postprin
MiR-637 maintains the balance between adipocytes and osteoblasts by directly targeting Osterix
Bone development is dynamically regulated by homeostasis, in which a balance between adipocytes and osteoblasts is maintained. Disruption of this differentiation balance leads to various bone-related metabolic diseases, including osteoporosis. In the present study, a primate-specific microRNA (miR-637) was found to be involved in the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Our preliminary data indicated that miR-637 suppressed the growth of hMSCs and induced S-phase arrest. Expression of miR-637 was increased during adipocyte differentiation (AD), whereas it was decreased during osteoblast differentiation (OS), which suggests miR-637 could act as a mediator of adipoosteogenic differentiation. Osterix (Osx), a significant transcription factor of osteoblasts, was shown to be a direct target of miR-637, which significantly enhanced AD and suppressed OS in hMSCs through direct suppression of Osx expression. Furthermore, miR-637 also significantly enhanced de novo adipogenesis in nude mice. In conclusion, our data indicated that the expression of miR-637 was indispensable for maintaining the balance of adipocytes and osteoblasts. Disruption of miR-637 expression patterns leads to irreversible damage to the balance of differentiation in bone marrow. © 2011 Zhang et al.published_or_final_versio
Effect of 2-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl) amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose on human esophageal cancer cell line
Aim: To determine whether 2-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropy1) amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (COPADG), a derivative of D-amino-glucose, inhibited the growth of human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109. Methods: Effects of COPADG on Eca-109 cells cultured in RPMI 1640 medium were examined by a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT assay). Results: COPADG inhibited the growth of Eca-109 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner; the maximum inhibition rate was 83.75%. Conclusion: COPADG can directly inhibit the proliferation of Eca-109 cells, which may serve as the experimental evidence for development of new drugs for esophageal cancer therapy. Copyright © 2004 by The WJG.published_or_final_versio
Assessment of Cellular Estrogenic Activity Based on Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Reduction of Soluble-Form Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Expression in an ELISA-Based System
published_or_final_versio
A rapid and sensitive method for measuring cell adhesion
We have adapted the CyQuant® assay to provide a simple, rapid, sensitive and highly reproducible method for measuring cell adhesion. The modified CyQuant® assay eliminates the requirement for labour intensive fluorescent labelling protocols prior to experimentation and has the sensitivity to measure small numbers (>1000) of adherent cells
The effect of ex-vivo rotenone intoxication on dopamine re-uptake of LRRK2-R1441G mutant mouse
Poster presentationpublished_or_final_versio
Tracing Noble Gas Radionuclides in the Environment
Trace analysis of radionuclides is an essential and versatile tool in modern
science and technology. Due to their ideal geophysical and geochemical
properties, long-lived noble gas radionuclides, in particular, 39Ar (t1/2 = 269
yr), 81Kr (t1/2 = 2.3x10^5 yr) and 85Kr (t1/2 = 10.8 yr), have long been
recognized to have a wide range of important applications in Earth sciences. In
recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of
practical analytical methods, and has led to applications of these isotopes in
the hydrosphere (tracing the flow of groundwater and ocean water). In this
article, we introduce the applications of these isotopes and review three
leading analytical methods: Low-Level Counting (LLC), Accelerator Mass
Spectrometry (AMS) and Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA)
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