Práticas da componente de apoio ao estudo no ensino básico

O presente artigo dá conta dos resultados de um trabalho exploratório com o objetivo de conhecer as práticas reais da Componente de Apoio ao Estudo incluída na Matriz curricular do Ensino Básico. Com base em entrevistas semiestruturadas a um grupo de dez professores experientes do 1.º Ciclo no ativo, do ensino público e privado, recolheu-se informação sobre como é cumprido esse Tempo de Apoio ao Estudo, sobre como as escolas o organizam, como é efetivamente desenvolvido e sobre como é avaliado pelos professores, alunos e encarregados de educação. O estudo permite concluir a conveniência de uma orientação e formação complementar aos professores, que clarifique (e os capacite a realizar) o objetivo geral de «apoiar» os alunos na criação de métodos de estudo e «reforçar o apoio» a Português e Matemática. Pretende-se que, deste modo, o Tempo de Apoio ao Estudo seja efetivamente implementado em todas as escolas e não seja reduzido a um espaço para a realização de trabalhos de casa, ou para dar apoio individualizado aos alunos com dificuldades, ou simplesmente como prolongamento do tempo normal de aula de Português e de Matemática.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Morphometry of the epidermis of an invasive megascoelecid earthworm (Amynthas gracilis, Kinberg 1867) inhabiting actively volcanic soils in the Azores archipelago

Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.For the first time, the structure, dimensions, and composition of the epidermis of an invasive earthworm species that has successfully colonized hostile conditions in actively volcanic soil on Sao Miguel (Azores) have been measured. Metal concentrations in actively volcanic (Furnas) and volcanically inactive(Fajã) soils were similar; however, Furnas soil was characterised by elevated temperature (10 1C differential), relative hypoxia, extremely high CO2 tension, and accompanying acidity. The epidermis of earthworm’s resident at Fajã was approximately twice the thickness of the epidermis of conspecifics resident in Furnas soil. Reference worms transferred to Furnas soil for 14 days experienced an epidermal thinning of approximately 51%. In comparison, when Furnas earthworms were transferred to mesocosms at the relatively benign Fajã site, their epidermal thickness increased by approximately 21%over 14 days. Earthworms resident in Furnas soil had higher goblet cell counts than the residents of volcanically inactive soil on a neighbouring island (S.Maria). Transferring worms from S.Maria to mesocosmsat Furnas induced a significant increase in goblet cell counts. Clearly, the active volcanic environment at Furnas poses a multifactorial stress challenge to the epigeic A. gracilis colonizer.This study was financially supported by CIRN (University of the Azores), and DRCT(Government of the Azores). Luis Cunha was supported by a Doctoral grant from DRCT (M312/F/029/2007)

Evolución de la variabilidad espacial de los atributos químicos de un Oxisol con aplicación de insumos a tasa variada

La corrección de suelo a tasa variada de insumos constituye una técnica para disminuir la variabilidad espacial de propiedades del suelo que necesita ser mayormente investigada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la evolución de la variabilidad espacial del suelo con aplicaciones de fertilizantes y cal agrícola a tasa variada. El área experimental se ubica en Alto Verá, Itapúa, Paraguay, en una superficie de 20,26 hectáreas. En 2010 se realizó la primera toma de muestras. Se elaboraron mapas para Fósforo (P), Potasio (K), Aluminio (Al), Calcio (Ca) y Magnesio (Mg). Posteriormente se generaron recomendaciones de aplicación de Superfosfato Triple con dosis de 0, 60 y 130 kg ha-1, Cloruro de Potasio con dosis de 0, 100 y 180 kg ha-1 y cal agrícola con dosis de 600, 1100 y 1600 kg ha-1. Al final del 2011, luego de tres cultivos en sucesión, para medir la evolución de la fertilidad, fue realizado en los mismos puntos un nuevo muestreo de suelo y un diagnóstico con mapas. Un aspecto importante obtenido con las aplicaciones a tasa variada de P fue que se logró disminuir el coeficiente de variación de la parcela, de 20,7% a 14,6%. La concentración de K se elevó a un nivel “alto” en gran parte de la parcela y se consiguió disminuir la concentración de Al en el suelo y aumentar la concentración de Ca y Mg. Se concluyó que la aplicación de fertilizantes y cal agrícola a tasa variada reduce la variabilidad espacial de P, K, Ca y Mg.

Trypanosoma cruzi: Seroprevalence Detection in Suburban Population of Santiago de Querétaro (Mexico)

Objectives. To evaluate the potential of iron-oxide dismutase excreted (SODeCRU) by T. cruzi as the antigen fraction in the serodiagnosis of Chagas disease and compile new epidemiological data on the seroprevalence of this disease in the suburban population of the city of Santiago de Querétaro (Mexico). Design and Methods. 258 human sera were analyzed by the techniques of ELISA and Western blot and using the homogenate and the SODeCRU. Results. A total of 31 sera were positive against ELISA/SODeCRU (12.4%), while 30 sera proved positive by WB/SODeCRU (11.6%). The comparison between the technique of ELISA and WB showed a sensitivity of 93%, and a specificity of 99%. The positive predictive value was 93% and the negative predictive value was 99%, with a Kappa (κ) value of 1. Conclusions. These preliminary data reveal the degree of infection of nonrural areas of Mexico and demonstrated that SODeCRU is an antigen useful to diagnose Chagas disease

Noise-assisted energy transport in electrical oscillator networks with off-diagonal dynamical disorder

Noise is generally thought as detrimental for energy transport in coupled oscillator networks. However, it has been shown that for certain coherently evolving systems, the presence of noise can enhance, somehow unexpectedly, their transport efficiency; a phenomenon called environment-assisted quantum transport (ENAQT) or dephasing-assisted transport. Here, we report on the experimental observation of such effect in a network of coupled electrical oscillators. We demonstrate that by introducing stochastic fluctuations in one of the couplings of the network, a relative enhancement in the energy transport efficiency of 22.5 ± 3.6% can be observed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Impact of Revegetation on Ecological Restoration of a Constructed Soil in a Coal Mining in Southern Brazil

The main problems in the constructed soils are the generation of acid mine drainage promoted by the presence of coal debris in the overburden layer and the compaction of the topsoil promoted by the machine traffic when the material used in the overburden cover is more clayey. This book chapter aimed to show an overview of the impact of more than a decade of revegetation with different perennial grasses on the chemical, physical, and biological quality of constructed soil after coal mining. The study was carried out in a coal mining area, located in southern Brazil. The soil was constructed in early 2003 and the perennial grasses, Hemarthria altissima; Paspalum notatum cv. Pensacola; Cynodon dactylon cv Tifton; and Urochloa brizantha; were implanted in November/December 2003. In 11.5, 17.6 and 18 years of revegetation soil samples were collected and the chemical, physical, and biological attributes were determined. Our results show that liming is an important practice in the restoration of these strongly anthropized soils because this positively impacts the plants’ development, facilitating the roots system expansion. Biological attributes such as soil fauna and the microorganism’s population are the attributes that possibly takes longer to establish itself in these areas

Comorbidity Index as a Predictor of Mortality in Pediatric Patients With Solid Tumors

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine whether a comorbidity index could be used to predict mortality in pediatric patients with chemotherapy-treated solid tumors.Methods: Pediatric patients who underwent chemotherapy treatment for solid tumors were included, and demographic, clinical, and comorbidity data were obtained from patient electronic records.Results: A total of 196 pediatric patients with embryonic solid tumors were included. Metastatic tumors were the most frequently observed (n = 103, 52.6%). The most common comorbidities encountered for the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were cellulitis (n = 24, 12.2%) and acute renal failure (n = 15, 7.7%). For the Pediatric Comorbidity Index (PCI), the most frequent comorbidities were pneumonia and sepsis, with n = 64 (32.7%) for each. We evaluated established the prognostic values for both indexes using Kaplan-Meier curves, finding that the CCI and PCI could predict mortality with p < 0.0001.Conclusion: Using the PCI, we observed 100% survival in patients without comorbidities, 70% survival in patients with a low degree of comorbidity, and 20% survival in patients with a high degree of comorbidity. Greater discrimination of probability of survival could be achieved using degrees of comorbidity on the PCI than using degrees of comorbidity on the CCI. The application of the PCI for assessing the hospitalized pediatric population may be of importance for improving clinical evaluation

Hugo Chávez: una década en el poder

Una década de Hugo Chávez Frías y su proyecto político en Venezuela trajo consigo un cambio de paradigmas que llama la atención de la sociedad en general. Este libro es el resultado del esfuerzo conjunto de un grupo de académicos de distintas nacionalidades que desde sus líneas de investigación realizan análisis que le brindan al lector elementos para comprender de manera global lo que significa una década de gobierno del Presidente Chávez en Venezuela.Este libro es el resultado del esfuerzo conjunto de un grupo de académicos de distintas nacionalidades que desde sus líneas de investigación realizan análisis que le brindan al lector elementos para comprender de manera global lo que significa una década de gobierno del Presidente Chávez en Venezuela

Adaptability of regression algorithms to protein Plant behavior

The behavior of components of protein plant is of vital importance for animals that consume them in their diet. The objective of this research is to evaluate regression algorithms, to determine the behavior of the expressions that best adapt to the procedures of a traditional laboratory and to estimate the chemical components of protein plants, in this sense the MULAN library of java has been used, that contain automatic learning algorithms capable of adapting to dissimilar problems. Three data set were created for each species treated in this study; each of these include the main elements to be evaluate in each experiment, these are delimits by: secondary metabolites, cell wall components and digestibility element for training files one, two and three, respectively; subsequently, they were evaluated through learning supervised and cross-validation of each to determine the best fit by aRMSE (Average Root Mean Square Error). The learning results were compare with previous experiments, where there was a learning variant that contained in a single dataset all the components to be evaluates in a single prediction. The result of the comparison shows that the lazy algorithms based on instances have a better learning behavior than the others evaluate

Orally-transmitted Chagas disease: Epidemiological, clinical, serological and molecular outcomes of a school microepidemic in Chichiriviche de la Costa, Venezuela

Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is a frequent cause of acute Chagas disease (ChD). In the present cross-sectional study, we report the epidemiological, clinical, serological and molecular outcomes of the second largest outbreak of oral ChD described in the literature. It occurred in March 2009 in Chichiriviche de la Costa, a rural seashore community at the central littoral in Venezuela. The vehicle was an artisanal guava juice prepared at the local school and Panstrongylus geniculatus was the vector involved. TcI genotype was isolated from patients and vector; some showed a mixture of haplotypes. Using molecular markers, parasitic loads were high. Eighty-nine cases were diagnosed, the majority (87.5%) in school children 6–15 years of age. Frequency of symptomatic patients was high (89.9%) with long-standing fever in 87.5%; 82.3% had pericardial effusion detected by echocardiogram and 41% had EKG abnormalities. Three children, a pregnant woman and her stillborn child died (5.6% mortality). The community was addressed by simultaneous determination of specific IgG and IgM, confirmed with indirect hemagglutination and lytic antibodies. Determination of IgG and IgA in saliva had low sensitivity. No individual parasitological or serological technique diagnosed 100% of cases. Culture and PCR detected T. cruzi in 95.5% of examined individuals. Based on the increasing incidence of oral acute cases of ChD, it appears that food is becoming one of the most important modes of transmission in the Amazon, Caribbean and Andes regions of America