CONTROLLING JUVENILE BEHAVIOR: An Empirical Test of Hirschi\u27s Attachment and Involvement

The current study is focused on the influence of Hirschi’s Social Control Theory on juvenile delinquency. Specifically, I examined if attachment and involvement reduced delinquency among youth using a secondary data analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The results indicated that attachment to parental and/or non-parental adults does significantly affect delinquency, but voluntary involvement in conventional activities does not

Examination of the 3x2 Achievement Goal Model in Collegiate Recreation: Comparison Across Sport Programs

Sport is a central achievement context through which participants’ direct competence-related behavior to achieve desired outcomes. Achievement goal theory provides a framework for understanding self-directed behavior in achievement contexts. Theorists postulate that achievement goals reflect one’s purpose and anticipated outcomes which guide behavior. To assess this psychological construct, several achievement goal measures have been developed, from a dichotomous model (Nicholls, 1989) to the most recent 3x2 model (Elliot, Murayama, & Pekrun, 2011). In the present research, the 3x2 achievement goal model (i.e., task-approach, task-avoidance, self-approach, self-avoidance, other-approach, other-avoidance) was translated for the collegiate recreational sport domain and tested against alternative theoretical models. A questionnaire was developed and administered to recreational sport participants (N = 614) at a large, post-secondary institution in the United States. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the researchers found the 3x2 model to provide a better fit than the alternative theoretical models. These findings support the most recent theoretical advancement of the achievement goal construct. Through use of multivariate analysis of variance, significant differences across the six achievement goals were found between intramural and sport club participants. These results have implications for researchers and recreational sport practitioners seeking to measure and understand the motivational differences across sport participants

Nitrogen and Potassium Interact to Shape a Yield Response Surface

In a field experiment with banana, fertilizer variables were applied systematically in strips across the blocks so that N increased gradually from none to large quantities in one direction, while K increased gradually perpendicular to the N fertilizer. An aerial view of the blocks and a plot of banana yields as influenced by the variables illustrate the interaction of the nutrients applied

Black Holes and Causal Structure in Anti-de Sitter Isometric Spacetimes

The observation that the 2+1 dimensional BTZ black hole can be obtained as a quotient space of anti-de Sitter space leads one to ask what causal behaviour other such quotient spaces can display. In this paper we answer this question in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions when the identification group has one generator. Among other things we find that there does not exist any 3+1 generalization of the rotating BTZ hole. However, the non-rotating generalization exists and exhibits some unexpected properties. For example, it turns out to be non-static and to possess a non-trivial apparent horizon.Comment: LaTeX, 22 pages, 10 postscript figures, uses epsf.te