Team leadership assessment after advanced life support courses comparing real teams vs. simulated teams.

AIM Effective team leadership is essential during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and is taught during international advanced life support (ALS) courses. This study compared the judgement of team leadership during summative assessments after those courses using different validated assessment tools while comparing two different summative assessment methods. METHODS After ALS courses, twenty videos of simulated team assessments and 20 videos of real team assessments were evaluated and compared. Simulated team assessment used an instructor miming a whole team, whereas real team assessment used course participants as a team that acted on the team leader's commands. Three examiners individually evaluated each video on four different validated team leadership assessment tools and on the original European Resuscitation Council's (ERC) scenario test assessment form which does not assess leadership. The primary outcome was the average performance summary score between all three examiners for each assessment method. RESULTS The average performance summary score for each of the four assessment tools was significantly higher for real team assessments compared to simulated team assessments (all p-values < 0.01). The summary score of the ERC's scenario test assessment form was comparable between both assessment methods (p = 0.569), meaning that participants of both assessments performed equally. CONCLUSION Team leadership performance is rated significantly higher in real team summative assessments after ALS courses compared to simulated team assessments by four leadership assessment tools but not by the standard ERC's scenario test assessment form. These results suggest that summative assessments in ALS courses should integrate real team assessments, and a new assessment tool including an assessment of leadership skills needs to be developed

Partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland

Der Beitrag berichtet Ergebnisse zu 2 schweizweit repräsentativen Befragungsstudien. Im Jahr 2018 und erneut im Jahr 2021 wurden Erwachsene, die zum Befragungszeitpunkt mit einem Partner bzw. einer Partnerin zusammenlebten, nach dem Erleben verschiedener partnerschaftlicher Übergriffe in den letzten 12 Monaten gefragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es im Zeitvergleich nicht zu einem Anstieg partnerschaftlicher Gewalt gekommen ist. Der Anteil an Befragten, die psychische Gewalt erlebt haben, beträgt 13,8 (Befragung 2018) bzw. 11,7% (Befragung 2021), der Anteil an Befragten, die physische Gewalt erlebt haben, 2,9 bzw. 3,1%. Die Stabilität der Prävalenzraten zeigt sich allerdings nicht für alle demografischen Gruppen: Bei jüngeren Befragten findet sich ein Anstieg physischer Gewalterfahrungen. The article reports results from two nationally representative survey studies from Switzerland. In 2018 and again in 2021 adults who lived together with a partner at the time of the survey were asked about their experience of various forms of partner violence in the last 12 months. The results show that there has not been an increase in intimate partner violence over time. The proportion of respondents who experienced psychological violence was 13.8% (2018 survey) and 11.7% (2021 survey), while the proportions of respondents who experienced physical violence were 2.9% and 3.1%, respectively; however, a stability of prevalence rates was not found for all demographic groups: Among younger respondents, there was an increase in experiences of physical violence

rf-electrometer using a carbon nanotube resonant tunneling transistor

We have studied resonant tunneling transistors (RTT) made of single-walled carbon nanotube quantum dots in the Fabry–Pérot regime. We show sensitivity to input charge as high as 5×10 exp −6 e/Hz1/2 with a carrier frequency of 719 MHz at 4.2 K. This result is comparable to the best values of charge sensitivity so far reported for radio frequency single electron transistors (rf-SET). Unlike SETs, whose operating temperature is limited as Coulomb blockade vanishes as 1/T, a RTT can operate at higher temperatures, since the dephasing length lϕ∝1/T exp 2/exp 3.Peer reviewe

Assessment of Human Factors After Advanced Life Support Courses Comparing Simulated Team and Real Team Assessment: A Randomized Controlled Cohort Trial.

Aim Human factors are essential for high-quality resuscitation team collaboration and are, therefore, taught in international advanced life support courses, but their assessment differs widely. In Europe, the summative life support course assessment tests mainly adhere to guidelines but few human factors. This randomized controlled simulation trial investigated instructors' and course participants' perceptions of human factors assessment after two different summative assessments. Methods All 5th/6th-year medical students who attended 19 advanced life support courses according to the 2015 European Resuscitation Council guidelines during one study year were invited to participate. Each course was randomized to either: (1) Simulated team assessment (one instructor simulates a team, and the assessed person leads this "team" through a cardiac-arrest scenario test); (2) Real team assessment (4 students form a team, one of them is assessed as the team leader; team members are not assessed and act only on team leader's commands). After the summative assessments, instructors, and students rated the tests' ability to assess human factors using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0 = no agreement, 10 = total agreement). Results A total of 227 students participated in the 1-day Immediate Life Support courses, 196 students in the 2-day Advanced Life Support courses, additionally 54 instructors were included. Instructors judged all human factors significantly better in real team assessments; students rated leadership and situational awareness comparable between both assessments. Assessment pass rates were comparable between groups. Conclusion Summative assessment in real teams was perceived significantly better to assess human factors. These results might influence current summative assessment practices in advanced life support courses

Ein generischer Policy-Baukasten für die einheitliche, dynamische Entwickung fachspezifischer Standards

Für den Forschungsstandort Kiel wird an der Christian Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel und am GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel ein einheitliches Modell zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten entwickelt. Das Ziel ist, dass alle Disziplinen am Forschungsstandort mit ihren jeweils unterschiedlichen Anforderungen einen Baukasten nutzen können, der den Instituten, Arbeitsgruppen und Projekten Bausteine und Elemente zur Erstellung einheitlicher Regelungen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten zur Verfügung stellt. Die Basis ist der seit 2010 am GEOMAR zusammen mit dem Exzellenzcluster Future Ocean entwickelte und bereitgestellte Data-Policy-Baukasten für die Kiel Marine Science. Um die Erstellung von spezifischen Standards zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten durch die Forschenden selbst zu ermöglichen, soll der Baukasten aus den Disziplinen heraus dynamisch um notwendige, fachspezifische Komponenten erweitert werden können. Eine Versionierung der Baukastenelemente und der Regelwerke soll dabei für eine nachhaltige Nutzungbarkeit und Nachvollziehbarkeit der erhobenen Forschungsdaten sorgen und gleichzeitig der Dynamik der sich rasch entwickelnden Forschungsbereiche genüge tun. Perspektivisch soll so ein Rahmenwerk für Datenmanagement als – ggf. auch automatisierter – Service entstehen. Ein zentrales Gremium von Forschungsdatenmanagern aus den Disziplinen soll die Pflege des Baukastens und der daraus entwickelten Standards im Hinblick auf ihre Qualität begleiten

Interoperability of institutional data management systems

Motivation • Awareness of FAIR data requirements is rising • We have come FAR but: Interoperability is the remaining challenge for productive systems Here we present • Description of the existing infrastructures and interfaces at GEOMAR • Challenges to reach interoperability • A roadmap with planned steps to g

Wet-Chemical Assembly of 2D Nanomaterials into Lightweight, Microtube-Shaped, and Macroscopic 3D Networks

Despite tremendous efforts toward fabrication of three-dimensional macrostructures of two-dimensional (2D) materials, the existing approaches still lack sufficient control over microscopic (morphology, porosity, pore size) and macroscopic (shape, size) properties of the resulting structures. In this work, a facile fabrication method for the wet-chemical assembly of carbon 2D nanomaterials into macroscopic networks of interconnected, hollow microtubes is introduced. As demonstrated for electrochemically exfoliated graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, the approach allows for the preparation of highly porous (> 99.9%) and lightweight (<2 mg cm-3) aeromaterials with tailored porosity and pore size as well as tailorable shape and size. The unique tubelike morphology with high aspect ratio enables ultralow-percolation-threshold graphene composites (0.03 S m-1, 0.05 vol%) which even outperform most of the carbon nanotube-based composites, as well as highly conductive aeronetworks (8 S m-1, 4 mg cm-3). On top of that, long-term compression cycling of the aeronetworks demonstrates remarkable mechanical stability over 10 000 cycles, even though no chemical cross-linking is employed. The developed strategy could pave the way for fabrication of various macrostructures of 2D nanomaterials with defined shape, size, as well as micro- and nanostructure, crucial for numerous applications such as batteries, supercapacitors, and filters

B‐cell receptors of EBV‐negative Burkitt lymphoma bind modified isoforms of autoantigens

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) represents the most aggressive B‐cell‐lymphoma. Beside the hallmark of IG‐MYC‐translocation, surface B‐cell receptor (BCR) is expressed, and mutations in the BCR pathway are frequent. Coincidental infections in endemic BL, and specific extra‐nodal sites suggest antigenic triggers. To explore this hypothesis, BCRs of BL cell lines and cases were screened for reactivities against a panel of bacterial lysates, lysates of Plasmodium falciparum, a custom‐made virome array and against self‐antigens, including post‐translationally modified antigens. An atypically modified, SUMOylated isoform of Bystin, that is, SUMO1‐BYSL was identified as the antigen of the BCR of cell line CA46. SUMO1‐BYSL was exclusively expressed in CA46 cells with K139 as site of the SUMOylation. Secondly, an atypically acetylated isoform of HSP40 was identified as the antigen of the BCR of cell line BL41. K104 and K179 were the sites of immunogenic acetylation, and the acetylated HSP40 isoform was solely present in BL41 cells. Functionally, addition of SUMO1‐BYSL and acetylated HSP40 induced BCR pathway activation in CA46 and BL41 cells, respectively. Accordingly, SUMO1‐BYSL‐ETA’ immunotoxin, produced by a two‐step intein‐based conjugation, led to the specific killing of CA46 cells. Autoantibodies directed against SUMO1‐BYSL were found in 3 of 14 (21.4%), and autoantibodies against acetylated HSP40 in 1/14(7.1%) patients with sporadic Burkitt‐lymphoma. No reactivities against antigens of the infectious agent spectrum could be observed. These results indicate a pathogenic role of autoreactivity evoked by immunogenic post‐translational modifications in a subgroup of sporadic BL including two EBV‐negative BL cell lines

Guidance on Versioning of Digital Assets

Versioning of data and metadata is a crucial - but often overlooked - topic in scientific work. Using the wrong version of a (meta)data set can lead to drastically difference outcomes in interpretation, and lead to substantial, propagating downstream errors. At the same time, past versions of (meta)data sets are valuable records of the research process which should be preserved for transparency and complete reproducibility. Further, the final version of (meta)data sets may actually include errors that previous versions did not. Thus, careful version control is the foundation for trust in and broad reusability of research and operational (meta)data. This document provides an introduction to the principles of versioning, technical recommendations on how to manage version histories, and discusses some pitfalls and possible solutions. In the first part of this document, we present examples of change processes that require proper management and introduce popular versioning schemes. Finally, the document presents recommended practices for researchers as well as for infrastructure developers

3rd Helmholtz Open Science Forum „Helmholtz in the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI)“

To promote dialogue on the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) in the Helmholtz Association, the Helmholtz Open Science Office hosted two digital Forums in May and December 2021. The office has organized a third Forum on the topic on June 22, 2023. The objective of this event was to offer insights into the NFDI activities within the Helmholtz Association, presented from the internal perspectives of the Centers. Multiple Helmholtz Centers shared their experiences, fostering an interactive environment for questions and discussions. Furthermore, there were contributions highlighting the Base4NFDI basic service consortium