O USO DE MODELO DIDÁTICO COMO FACILITADOR DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA CELULAR

A biologia celular é uma das sub áreas da Biologia mais problemáticas, que desafiam a comunidade escolar. Nesse âmbito, é notável a dificuldade apresentada pelos discentes na compreensão de temas como dimensão celular e funções desempenhadas pelas organelas, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de estratégias que objetivem ampliar e facilitar discussões dessa natureza. Tendo isso em vista, o presente trabalho relata a utilização de um modelo tridimensional de uma célula eucariota como ferramenta de apoio ao ensino de temas em citologia, assim como uma atividade dinâmica em que foi estabelecida uma analogia entre a célula e uma cidade. Ao fim do processo, foi detectado um melhor rendimento e um aumento no interesse pelo tema por parte dos discentes participantes

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO SOBRE ÁGUA E Aedes aegypti NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA EM ALEGRE-ES

A contextualização dos conteúdos no ensino fundamental é de extrema importância para a compreensão dos assuntos que permeiam a sociedade. O objetivo da contextualização sobre a água permite sensibilizar os alunos para um dos assuntos mais evidentes no ano vigente. A discussão da problemática é relevante para o profissional em formação e contribui para a reformulação do pensamento de ideologias, para uma postura crítica na sociedade na qual estamos inseridos. A mediação ocorreu por meio de palestras, utilizando materiais didáticos como flanelógrafo, jogo lúdico e modelos didáticos em biscuit com os alunos do 7º ano de uma escola pública no município de Alegre, ES. Neste trabalho foram explanadas também dúvidas a respeito de medidas profiláticas de combate ao mosquito Aedes aegypti

Effect of the Enzymatic Fungal Extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia on the Viability of Fasciola hepatica eggs

Hepatic fasciolosis has been implicated as one of the most important parasitic diseases affecting the sanity of cattle and sheep, reflecting in significant economic losses besides being an important anthropozoonotic disease. The eggs of Fasciola hepatica are eliminated with the feces of these hosts, and under the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors may remain in the environment for months until they find favorable conditions for embryogenesis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the viability of Fasciola hepatica eggs exposed for 60 minutes at different concentrations of the enzymatic extract of Pochonia chlamydosporia (Pc-10). Subsequently, they were sedimented and placed on 24-well plates containing the extract of P. chlamydosporia (Pc-10) at concentrations of 500 μL (10%), 400 μL (8%), 300 μL (5%), 200 μL (2%), 100 μL (1%) and distilled water (control group). The experiment was carried out in triplicate, using a total of 900 eggs. After the experimental exposure to the enzyme extract of the fungus (Pc-10), 98% of the eggs exposed to the enzymatic solution demonstrated significant ultrastructural alterations in their respective teguments, when observed in scanning electron microscopy and transmission. The ultrastructure showed a collapse of the internal walls of the egg, interfering in the opening of the operculum. The use of the enzymatic extract of P. chlamydosporia (Pc-10) compromised both the external tegument, breaking it and pasting it, as well as vital structures of the embryonic activity of the F. hepatica eggs

Monitoria em Mecânica Geral

A Monitoria Geral é uma ferramenta educacional existentes que oferece suporte aos alunos de cursos de graduação vigentes na Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, com o intuito de melhorar os índices de aprovação acadêmica, que por consequência diminuem a evasão. O presente trabalho expõe os resultados alcançados pela monitoria da disciplina Mecânica Geral do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo do Instituto de Engenharia do Araguaia da UNIFESSPA. O suporte por parte das monitoras ocorreu de modo assíncrono utilizando ferramentas virtuais como o Google Meet, whatsapp, e-mail etc. Os resultados alcançados pelo trabalho de monitoria foram satisfatórios, uma vez que o a turma que recebeu apoio acadêmico possuiu alto índice de aprovação, com valores próximos de 90%

Effects of metformin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of periodontitis.

AimTo evaluate the effects of metformin (Met) on inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis.Materials & methodsMale albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups of twenty-one rats each, and given the following treatments for 10 days: (1) no ligature + water, (2) ligature + water, (3) ligature + 50 mg/kg Met, (4) ligature + 100 mg/kg Met, and (5) ligature + 200 mg/kg Met. Water or Met was administered orally. Maxillae were fixed and scanned using Micro-computed Tomography (μCT) to quantitate linear and bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) volumetric bone loss. Histopathological characteristics were assessed through immunohistochemical staining for MMP-9, COX-2, the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway, SOD-1, and GPx-1. Additionally, confocal microscopy was used to analyze osteocalcin fluorescence. UV-VIS analysis was used to examine the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, IL-1β and TNF-α from gingival tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR reaction was used to gene expression of AMPK, NF-κB (p65), and Hmgb1 from gingival tissues. Significance among groups were analysed using a one-way ANOVA. A p-value of p<0.05 indicated a significant difference.ResultsTreatment with 50 mg/kg Met significantly reduced concentrations of malondialdehyde, IL-1β, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). Additionally, weak staining was observed for COX-2, MMP-9, RANK, RANKL, SOD-1, and GPx-1 after 50 mg/kg Met. OPG and Osteocalcin showed strong staining in the same group. Radiographically, linear measurements showed a statistically significant reduction in bone loss after 50 mg/kg Met compared to the ligature and Met 200 mg/kg groups. The same pattern was observed volumetrically in BV/TV and decreased osteoclast number (p<0.05). RT-PCR showed increased AMPK expression and decreased expression of NF-κB (p65) and HMGB1 after 50 mg/kg Met.ConclusionsMetformin, at a concentration of 50 mg/kg, decreases the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats

PROFILE OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS INSULIN-APPLICANTS FOLLOWED IN A MULTI HEALTH CENTER, SALVADOR, BAHIA, BRAZIL

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2 insulino-requerentes acompanhados por equipe multidisciplinar em um Multicentro de Saúde em Salvador-BA, Brasil. Método: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, descritivo de pacientes atendidos em um Multicentro de Saúde no período de outubro/2017 a outubro/2019. As variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas foram coletadas de prontuários e expressas em frequências absolutas e relativas, média e desvio padrão (DP), além de mediana e intervalo interquartílico (IIQ). Resultados: Foram avaliados 163 pacientes com média (DP) de idade de 61,2 (± 10,6) anos, com predomínio entre 51 e 60 anos (39,3%), sendo 66,3% do sexo feminino. A mediana de tempo de diagnóstico foi de 10 (3) anos e 78,8% usavam insulina há menos de 5 anos. Metade dos pacientes aceitava sua condição de diabético, 53,2% não corrigiam adequadamente os episódios hipoglicêmicos, 68,1% possuíam hemoglobina glicada acima das metas estipuladas pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes e 59,9% tinham microalbuminúria. Além disso, 96,3% não praticavam exercícios físicos, 2,5% possuíam perfil alimentar apropriado, 71,0% tinham diagnóstico de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, e 70,8% possuíam o valor da fração de colesterol Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) acima da meta estabelecida pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Conclusão: Nesta amostra de pacientes diabéticos insulino-requerentes, a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino, apresentava outras comorbidades associadas ao DM, baixa adesão às medidas higienodietéticas, elevação da hemoglobina glicada e indícios de nefropatia diabética.Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with insulin-inuming Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus followed by a multidisciplinary team in a Multicenter Health Unit in Salvador-BA, Brazil. Method: Epidemiological, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study with patients treated in the Multicenter Health Unit from October/2017 to October/2019. The clinical and sociodemographic variables were collected from medical records and expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, mean and standard deviation (SD), in addition to median and interquartile range (IR). Results: We evaluated 163 patients with mean (SD) of age of 61.2 (± 10.6) years, with a predominance between 51 and 60 years (39.3%), 66.3% of which were female.The median time of diagnosis was 10 (3) years and 78.8% had been using insulin for less than 5 years. Half of the patients accepted their diabetic condition, 53.2% did not adequately correct hypoglycemic episodes, 68.1% glycated hemoglobin above the targets set by the Brazilian Diabetes Society and 59.9% had microalbuminuria. In addition, 96.3% did not exercise, 2.5% had an appropriate food profile, 71.0% were diagnosed with Systemic Arterial Hypertension, and 70.8% did not have the cholesterol fraction Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) value in the goal established by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. Conclusion: In this sample of insulin-applicant diabetic patients, most patients were female, had other comorbidities associated with DM, low adhering to hygienic dietary measures, elevation of glycated hemoglobin and signs of diabetic nephropathy

Continuing education on Paleontology: the experience with the project “Workshop on Paleontology: fossils inside the classroom”

The Natural Sciences are essential in the education of citizens aware of the reality in which they live. In this context, Paleontology has an important in basic education, given its multidisciplinary nature, what enables the integrated understanding of the events and phenomena that changed natural environments during the geological history of our planet. In addition, its teaching promotes the awareness of the importance of the fossils as public patrimony, essential for their preservation. Even though current technology allows quick and easy access to information, the selection of subjects and practical activities is often inadequate, as most teachers do not have expertise in paleontology. With this scenario in mind, we created the “Workshop on Paleontology: fossils inside the classroom”, culminating in a continuing education workshop, aiming to promote better education of Palentology in schools (basic education). The project already held two workshops, in which several theoretical-practical activities were carried out with teachers and future educators of the public-school network of Ribeirão Preto and Jaboticabal cities, possible multipliers of scientific and patrimonial knowledge within the classroom. After the second workshop, a questionnaire was conducted with students and aimed to assess the course and improve upcoming workshops.O ensino das Ciências Naturais é essencial na formação de cidadãos como seres cientes da realidade em que vivem. No contexto da formação básica, a Paleontologia tem papel importante, dada sua natureza multidisciplinar, e seu estudo auxilia na compreensão integrada dos eventos e fenômenos que transformaram ambientes durante a história geológica do nosso planeta. Ademais, seu ensino promove a conscientização da importância dos fósseis como patrimônio público, essencial para sua preservação. Mesmo com a atual facilidade de acesso à informação, a seleção de conteúdos e práticas adequadas nem sempre é apropriada, uma vez que poucos professores têm experiência com a Paleontologia. Tendo tais desafios em mente, formulamos o projeto "Oficina de Paleontologia: os fósseis dentro da sala de aula", no formato de um curso de extensão de educação continuada, com o objetivo de fomentar o ensino elementar de qualidade em Paleontologia nas escolas. Em duas edições, diversas atividades teórico-práticas foram realizadas com professores e futuros educadores da rede escolar pública de Ribeirão Preto e Jaboticabal, possíveis multiplicadores do conhecimento científico e patrimonial dentro da sala de aula. Após o término da segunda oficina, um questionário realizado com os participantes visou avaliar o curso, criando um espaço para críticas e sugestões

Positive Effects of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation and DietBra on Inflammation and Glycemic Profiles in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Class II/III Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Evidence on the effects of dietary interventions on inflammatory markers in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is scarce. Our study evaluated the effects of extra-virgin olive oil alone and in combination with a traditional Brazilian diet on inflammatory markers and glycemic profiles in adults with both T2DM and class II/III obesity. Methods: Adults aged 18-64 years with T2DM and class II/III obesity were randomized into two intervention groups: 1) extra-virgin olive oil only and 2) extra-virgin olive oil + a traditional Brazilian diet (OliveOil+DietBra). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, anthropometry, biochemical markers and inflammatory markers were collected. The primary outcomes were glycemic parameters and inflammatory markers. The body mass index (BMI) and weight were the secondary outcomes. Results: Forty individuals with T2DM and class II/III obesity were enrolled, and 34 (85%) completed the intervention course. The intake of olive oil was 37.88 ± 12.50 mL/day in the olive oil group and 37.71 ± 12.23 mL/day in the OliveOil+DietBra group, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.484). Compared to the olive oil only group, the OliveOil+DietBra group had significantly lower levels of fasting insulin (p = 0.047) at the end of the intervention, whereas the other glycemic parameters were not altered. In the OliveOil+DietBra group, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, IL-1α (p = 0.006) and adiponectin (p = 0.049) were lower and those of TNFα were higher (p = 0.037). There was a significant reduction in BMI and weight compared to the baseline values in the OliveOil+DietBra group (p = 0.015). Conclusions: The intervention with OliveOil+DietBra effectively decreased the levels of fasting insulin, IL-1α and adiponectin, suggesting its beneficial role in improving the inflammatory profiles and fasting insulin levels in adults with class II/III obesity and T2DM. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02463435