Regionalisation of Social Accounting Matrices for the EU-28 in 2010: A regional database for RHOMOLO at NUTS 2 level

This paper presents the regionalisation methodology followed to build a regional database for RHOMOLO, the regional computable general equilibrium model developed by the European Commission to evaluate the impact of Cohesion Policy. This report describes the methodology used to develop two sets of regional Social Accounting Matrices for the EU-28 at NUTS 2 level, according to both the NUTS 2006 and the NUTS 2010 classifications. The starting point is the set of national SAMs developed for the model by Álvarez-Martínez and López-Cobo (2016). The national SAMs are subsequently regionalised by means of non-survey techniques using the available regional statistical data from Eurostat, inter-regional bilateral trade flows developed ad hoc for this project and inter-regional transport cost data from the TRANSTOOLS project. The initial regional data prepared for RHOMOLO v2 included only the EU-27 and NUTS 2006, but following the adhesion of Croatia to the European Union on January 1st 2013, in this paper we also include a national SAM and two regional SAMs for Croatia.JRC.B.6-Digital Econom

Factor endowments, vent for surplus and involutionary process in rural developing economies

This article seeks to provide a new analytical framework based on factor endowments to understand growth in rural economies without structural transformation. More concretely, it explores the variation in farmers’ ability to respond to new commercial opportunities. To complement the extensive literature on the economic and institutional effects of factor endowments, this paper revisits two influential yet controversial theories: Mark Elvin’s high-level equilibrium trap for areas with high population densities in a closed arable frontier, and Hla Myint’s vent for surplus for areas with surpluses of land and labour. We argue that these become more operational if reinterpreted by Boserupian land intensification processes. By lifting the neo-classical constraints on factor relationships, this paper contributes by exploring the mechanisms by which factor endowments might preclude the transformation. Understanding the different dynamics of cultivation in relation to land and labour use, technological choices, saving capacity, and potential linkages to industrialization becomes of even greater significance as these areas may be found within the same countries at a given time.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Coprime factorization of singular linear systems. A Stein matritial equation approach

In this work immersed in the eld of control theory on a Given a singular linear dynamic time invariant represented by Ex + ( t ) = Ax ( t ) Bu ( t ), y ( t ) = Cx ( t ). We want to classify singular systems such that by means a feedback and an output injection, the transfer ma- trix of the system is a polynomial, for that we analyze conditions for obtention of a coprime factorization of transfer matrices of singular lin- ear systems de ned over commutative rings R with element unit. The problem presented is related to the existence of solutions of a Stein matritial equation XE NXA = Z .Postprint (published version

Subgroups of direct products of graphs of groups with free abelian vertex groups

A result of Baumslag and Roseblade states that a finitely presented subgroup of the direct product of two free groups is virtually a direct product of free groups. In this paper we generalise this result to the class of cyclic subgroup separable graphs of groups with free abelian vertex groups and cyclic edge groups. More precisely, we show that a finitely presented subgroup of the direct product of two groups in this class is virtually $H$-by-(free abelian), where $H$ is the direct product of two groups in the class. In particular, our result applies to 2-dimensional coherent right-angled Artin groups and residually finite tubular groups. Furthermore, we show that the multiple conjugacy problem and the membership problem are decidable for finitely presented subgroups of the direct product of two $2$-dimensional coherent RAAGs

Análisis comparativo de los gestores bibliográficos sociales Zotero, Docear y Mendeley: características y prestaciones.

Se realiza una aproximación al origen y evolución de la gestión bibliográfica personal, estableciendo una cronología de la aparición de los gestores bibliográficos más populares, resaltando sus características y evidenciando su utilidad en el ámbito académico-científico. Para ello, hay que tratar de analizar conceptos y procesos directamente relacionados con los gestores bibliográficos personales, productos objeto de estudio, tales como fuentes de información bibliográfica y la normalización bibliográfica y, fundamentalmente del ámbito científico, donde son productos esenciales en la formalización de la su producción para su posterior difusión. Para ello se realiza un análisis comparativo entre los gestores de referencia bibliográficos gratuitos Zotero, Docear y Mendeley, habiendo conseguido identificar algunas diferencias significativas entre ellos que deben ser consideradas antes de utilizarlos

Outflow of hot and cold molecular gas from the obscured secondary nucleus of NGC3256: closing in on feedback physics

The nuclei of merging galaxies are often deeply buried in dense layers of gas and dust. In these regions, gas outflows driven by starburst and AGN activity are believed to play a crucial role in the evolution of these galaxies. However, to fully understand this process it is essential to resolve the morphology and kinematics of such outflows. Using near-IR integral-field spectroscopy obtained with VLT/SINFONI, we detect a kpc-scale structure of high-velocity molecular hydrogen (H2) gas associated with the deeply buried secondary nucleus of the IR-luminous merger NGC3256. We show that this structure is likely the hot component of a molecular outflow, which is detected also in the cold molecular gas by Sakamoto et al. This outflow, with a molecular gas mass of M(H2)~2x10^7 Msun, is among the first to be spatially resolved in both the hot H2 gas with VLT/SINFONI and the cold CO-emitting gas with ALMA. The hot and cold components share a similar morphology and kinematics, with a hot-to-cold molecular gas mass ratio of ~6x10^-5. The high (~100 pc) resolution at which we map the geometry and velocity structure of the hot outflow reveals a biconical morphology with opening angle ~40 deg and gas spread across a FWZI~1200 km/s. Because this collimated outflow is oriented close to the plane of the sky, the molecular gas may reach maximum intrinsic outflow velocities of ~1800 km/s, with an average mass outflow rate of at least ~20 Msun/yr. By modeling the line-ratios of various near-IR H2 transitions, we show that the H2 gas in the outflow is heated through shocks or X-rays to a temperature of ~1900K. The energy needed to drive the outflow is likely provided by a hidden Compton-thick AGN or by the nuclear starburst. We show that the global kinematics of the molecular outflow in NGC3256 mimic those of CO-outflows that have been observed at low spatial resolution in starburst- and active galaxies.Comment: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics (accepted 29 Aug 2014 v.3, initial submission v.1 14 March 2014), 13 pages, 8 figure

Integrated magnetic localization sensing and actuation of steerable robotic catheter for Peripheral Arterial Disease treatment

Magnetically Steerable Robotic Catheters (MSRC) exhibit potential in treating Peripheral Arterial Diseases (PAD) through the precise steering of a catheter tip via magnetic actuation. PAD, characterized by the narrowing of blood vessels, affects approximately 6.5 million people age 40 and older in the US, necessitating effective treatment options. Percutaneous Endovascular Intervention (PEI) is the conventional approach but often lacks efficient navigation through intricate vasculatures. Existing MSRC systems rely on continuous fluoroscopic imaging for real-time location sensing, posing radiation risks to patients and medical staff. To reduce x-ray radiation exposure, this study presents an innovative MSRC system that integrates magnetic location sensing and actuation. The catheter features a magnetic tip for external electromagnetic steering and uses a cylindrical array of magnetic sensors for real-time location estimation. A mathematical model for magnetic localization is presented, with real-time application using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The integration of magnetic steering and sensing is showcased through real-time navigation experiments. The system components, including the magnet, catheter design, feeding mechanism, sensor array, and Helmholtz coils, are detailed. Experimental results using a prototype MSRC demonstrate an average position estimation error of 0.95 mm after calibration. The system successfully navigates vascular phantoms using actuated magnetic steering and sensing, highlighting its potential to minimize x-ray exposure during PAD surgeries.Mechanical Engineerin

Phenylthiourea Binding to Human Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1

Tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) is one of the three human melanogenic enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of melanin, a pigment responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. It shares high sequence identity with tyrosinase, but has two zinc ions in its active site rather than two copper ions as in tyrosinase. Typical tyrosinase inhibitors do not directly coordinate to the zinc ions of TYRP1. Here, we show, from an X-ray crystal structure determination, that phenylthiourea, a highly potent tyrosinase inhibitor, does neither coordinate the active site zinc ions, but binds differently from other structurally characterized TYRP1-inhibitor complexes. Its aromatic ring is directed outwards from the active site, apparently as a result from the absence of polar oxygen substituents that can take the position of water molecules bound in the active site. The compound binds via hydrophobic interactions, thereby blocking substrate access to the active site.</p