Depurazione delle acque nell'industria galvanica

Il volume inquadra le problematiche legate alla depurazione degli effluenti liquidi nell’industria galvanica, che riveste grande importanza nel nostro Paese. In apertura si offre una panoramica sulle principali caratteristiche degli effluenti liquidi prodotti nelle diverse lavorazioni, indicando una serie di accorgimenti che consentono di ottenere benefici sia di carattere ambientale che per le economie generali del processo produttivo. Successivamente si descrivono le tecnologie di depurazione disponibili e applicabili in ambito galvanico, esaminate rispetto a criteri come lo stadio di sviluppo, la resa di rimozione, i residui prodotti, i costi, ecc. e valutate in base a quanto riportato nella più aggiornata letteratura di settore. Il lavoro è parte di un più ampio progetto di collaborazione tra Hydrotech S.r.l., insediata in Area Science Park, Assogalvanica e Consorzio per l’Area di ricerca scientifica e tecnologica di Trieste, volto a definire interventi utili al miglioramento dei sistemi di depurazione delle acque nell’industria galvanica

Pregled tehnologija remedijacije perzistentnih otrovnih tvari

This paper gives a review of established and emerging technologies for the treatment of wastes and soils contaminated by Persistent Toxic Substances which include the Persistent Organic Pollutants. The technologies are classified as biological, physico-chemical, and thermal treatments, describing main unit operations and comparing technical, social and environmental limitations, including some potential risks and environmental impacts. Estimated overall costs, cleanup times, reliability, and maintenance levels are also presented in order to assess advantages and limitations of each technology.Ovaj članak donosi pregled postojećih i novonastajućih tehnologija obrade otpada i tla onečišćenog perzistentnim otrovnim tvarima uključujući i perzistentna organska onečišćivala (engl. persistent organic pollutants). Autor dijeli tehnologije obrade na biološke, fizikalno-kemijske i termalne te opisuje rad osnovnih uređaja i uspoređuje tehnička, društvena i ekološka ograničenja, uključujući moguće rizike i učinke na okoliš. Članak također razmatra ukupne procijenjene troškove, vrijeme potrebno za čišćenje te razine odgovornosti i održavanja dajući na uvid prednosti i ograničenja svake tehnologije zasebno

First evidence of testate amoebae in Lago fagnano (54\ub0S), Tierra del Fuego (Argentina): Proxies to reconstruct environmental changes

We report here the first findings of testate amoebae at high southern latitudes (54 S) from four gravity cores recovered in the Lago Fagnano (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina), where twelve taxa have been recognized. Among them, Centropyxis constricta \u201cconstricta\u201d, Centropyxis elongata, Difflugia globulus, Difflugia oblonga \u201coblonga\u201d, and Difflugia protaeiformis \u201camphoralis\u201d are always present, while other taxa are randomly distributed. According to the sand/silt ratio in the different cores, the Total Organic Carbon content and the Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, as well as the presence/disappearance and abundance of testate amoebae from cluster analysis, we infer a correlation between major textural/granulometrical changes found in the cores and environmental changes. A seismic event occurred on 1949, which substantially modified the morphology of the eastern Lago Fagnano shoreline and the supply pattern from two main eastern tributaries of the lake, is recorded in the studied cores. This event has in part modified the distribution of testate amoebae taxa within the studied cores. Present results show that testate amoebae represent important indicators to detect changes occurring in the environment in which they live

Palaeo-Shoreline Configuration of the Adventure Plateau (Sicilian Channel) at the Last Glacial Maximum

The Adventure Plateau, located in the NW sector of the Sicilian Channel, experienced several episodes of exposure/erosion and subsequent drowning, with the most recent occurring after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Unlike other parts of the Sicilian Channel, the Adventure Plateau is relatively tectonically stable and is therefore best suitable for reconstructing its coastal configuration before the post-LGM marine transgression. Here, we use high-resolution seismic data to identify and map the palaeo-coastline at the LGM on the basis of the internal architecture of the prograding wedges (i.e., the location of the subaqueous clinoform rollover point) and the erosional markers such as the subaerial unconformities and the wave ravinement surfaces. These data, which show an extreme variability in the palaeo-morphology of the coastal margins of the Adventure Plateau, have been complemented with vintage seismic profiles in order to entirely cover its perimeter. The mapped LGM coastline has then been compared to predictions from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling, which considers the horizontal migration of the shorelines in response to sea level rise and to Earth's rotational and deformational effects associated with deglaciation. The two shorelines (i.e., the coastline derived from the marine data interpretation and the one derived from the GIA model) are in good agreement at 21 kyears BP, although some discrepancies occur in the southern part of the plateau, where the seabed slope is extremely gentle, which makes the clinoform rollover points and the buried erosional unconformities difficult to detect. After 20 kyears BP, an acceleration in the rate of the sea level rise occurred. The results of this study indicate the importance of comparing experimental data with model predictions in order to refine and calibrate boundary parameters and to gain a better picture of the evolution of sea level rise over various time scales

Gravity map of the isla Grande de Tierra de Fuego, and morphology of Lago Fagnano

A complete Bouguer gravity map of the central-eastern part of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and a general bathymetric chart of the Lago Fagnano have been realized, on the basis of a series of field geophysical surveys carried out on the Island since 1998. The regional gravity anomaly trend onshore shows a progressive negative gradient from N to S. Distinct, broadly E-W-trending gravity minima are superimposed on this regional negative gradient. They follow the main trace of the Magallanes-Fagnano fault system, which represents the western segment of the left-lateral South America-Scotia transform plate boundary. The gravity minima reflect the presence in the subsurface of restricted and elongated basins developed within the principal displacement zone of the fault system. A relative positive gravity maximum is located just at the SE corner of the Lago Fagnano, and represents the response of a partially exposed crystalline body, occupying an area 3 x 3 km wide. A 2D vertical crustal model has been constructed, combining gravity data inversion and geological information available for the central-eastern region of Lago Fagnano. The bathymetric map of the Lago Fagnano delineates the main morphological features of this 110-km-long, 7-km-wide lake, the largest of Isla Grande. The floor is divided into distinct parts, which suggests that the basin is composed of different sub-basins. In most areas, the basin floor is highly asymmetric in shape, with flat depocentral areas. The most pronounced asymmetry of the basin is seen in the eastern end of the lake, where there is also the deepest depression. The steeper slope of the basin, along the northern shore of the Lago Fagnano, also coincides with the most pronounced regional topographic gradient. The general gravimetric and morphological features of the investigated region are here discussed

Gravity map of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and morphology of Lago Fagnano

A complete Bouguer gravity map of the central-eastern part of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and a general bathymetric chart of the Lago Fagnano have been realized, on the basis of a series of field geophysical surveys carried out on the Island since 1998. The regional gravity anomaly trend onshore shows a progressive negative gradient from N to S. Distinct, broadly E-W-trending gravity minima are superimposed on this regional negative gradient. They follow the main trace of the Magallanes-Fagnano fault system, which represents the western segment of the left-lateral South America-Scotia transform plate boundary. The gravity minima reflect the presence in the subsurface of restricted and elongated basins developed within the principal displacement zone of the fault system. A relative positive gravity maximum is located just at the SE corner of the Lago Fagnano, and represents the response of a partially exposed crystalline body, occupying an area 3 x 3 km wide. A 2D vertical crustal model has been constructed, combining gravity data inversion and geological information available for the central-eastern region of Lago Fagnano. The bathymetric map of the Lago Fagnano delineates the main morphological features of this 110-km-long, 7-km-wide lake, the largest of Isla Grande. The floor is divided into distinct parts, which suggests that the basin is composed of different sub-basins. In most areas, the basin floor is highly asymmetric in shape, with flat depocentral areas. The most pronounced asymmetry of the basin is seen in the eastern end of the lake, where there is also the deepest depression. The steeper slope of the basin, along the northern shore of the Lago Fagnano, also coincides with the most pronounced regional topographic gradient. The general gravimetric and morphological features of the investigated region are here discussed.Fil: Lodolo, Emanuele. No especifíca;Fil: Lippai, Horacio Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Instituto de Geofísica "Daniel Valencio"; ArgentinaFil: Tassone, Alejandro Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Instituto de Geofísica "Daniel Valencio"; ArgentinaFil: Zanolla, Marianela. No especifíca;Fil: Menichetti, Marco. Università Degli Studi Di Urbino Carlo Bo; ItaliaFil: Hormaechea, José Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

Seismostratigraphic and structural setting of the Malvinas Basin and its southern margin (Tierra del fuego Atlantic offshore)

New multichannel seismic reflection profiles acquired off the Tierra del Fuego Atlantic margin, from the southern part of the Malvinas foreland basin to the inner sector of the Magallanes fold and thrust belt, combined with available commercial profiles and exploration wells, allowed to outline the sedimentary architecture of the foreland basin and the structure of its deformed southern margin. Five major unconformities were differentiated within the sedimentary fill of the southern Malvinas basin, which neighbours the offshore extension of the Magallanes basin in Tierra del Fuego. The unconformity-bounded units record the corresponding major evolutionary tectonostratigraphic phases of the southern part of the Malvinas basin, and the development of the Magallanes fold-and thrust belt during Mesozoic and Cenozoic times: Unit 1 - Pre-Jurassic basement; Unit 2 - Rift phase (Middle - Upper Jurassic); Unit 3 - Sag phase (Lower – Upper Cretaceous); Unit 4 – Foredeep transitional phase (Upper Cretaceous - Middle Eocene); Unit 5 - Foreland phase (Middle Eocene - Pleistocene). The southern edge of the Malvinas basin corresponds to the imbricate basement wedges of the Fuegian Cordillera, which shows a thick-skin structural style developed as a consequence of the Middle Tertiary Andean compressional tectonic phase. Large folds, with low angle NE-verging thrusts propagated the shortening basin-ward at shallow structural levels. These structures are superimposed by an array of left-lateral strike-slip lineaments pertaining to the EW trending Magallanes-Fagnano fault system. In the Tierra del Fuego region these structures represent the western segment of the South America – Scotia plate boundary. Several Neogene pull-apart basins were formed along the principal deformation zone in correspondence of step-overs and releasing bends. These basins show an evident asymmetry in the sedimentary architecture, and are bounded by sub-vertical faults that in some cases reach the sea-floor. Other transtensional features were also recognized in the inner sector of the fold-and-thrust belt together with the formation of restricted pull-apart basins

Improvement of the slide culture technique for the assessment of yeast viability

This work aimed to improve the slide culture technique (SCT) for the assessment of yeast viability. Thus, all the steps of the SCT were standardized: a sample of 20 L containing 1 × 105 cells/mL was placed in a ~ 20 × 20 mm YPD agar block and incubated for 1624 h, at 25°C. It was proposed the use of calcofluor white (CFW) to facilitate the microscopic observation of yeast cells. The viability of cell populations in different physiological states (healthy, ethanol stressed and starved cells), assessed by SCT (without or with CFW), did not differ significantly (p < 0.01). In addition, the viability of healthy and ethanol stressed cells determined by the SCT and the standard plate count technique (PCT) did not differ significantly (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the improved SCT is a fast and reliable alternative to PCT for the evaluation of yeast viability in research and in the industry.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the scope of the strategic founding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462). Manuela D. Machado and Catia A. Sousa gratefully acknowledge the post-doctoral (SFRH/BPD/72816/2010) and the doctoral grants (SFRH/BD/101452/2014), from FCT, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The submerged footprint of Perito Moreno glacier

Perito Moreno is the most famous calving glacier of the South Patagonia Icefield, the largest temperate glacier system of the Southern Hemisphere. Unlike most of the glaciers in the region that have strongly retreated in recent decades, the position of Perito Moreno glacier front remained relatively unchanged in the last century. However, earliest photographic documents show that, at the end of the nineteenth century, the front was ca. 800 m behind the current position. There is no reliable information about the positions of the Perito Moreno front in earlier times. Here we show evidence of two subaqueous moraine systems both in the Canal de Los Témpanos and in the Brazo Rico, the two arms of Lago Argentino along which Perito Moreno glacier has flowed over time. These moraines, identified for the first time in the Canal de Los Témpanos from bathymetric and high-resolution seismic profiles, mark the position of the largest glacier advance, tentatively correlated with the moraines of the “Herminita advance” identified and dated onland. We interpret these bedforms as the evidence of the most pronounced advance of Perito Moreno glacier during the mid-Holocene cooling event that characterized this sector of the Southern Hemisphere. This study highlights the importance of subaqueous glacial bedforms, representing decisive records of the glacial history and palaeoclimate, which could help unveiling the origin of the different behavior of glaciers like Perito Moreno that in a warming climate are relatively stable.Fil: Lodolo, Emanuele. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografa e di Geofsica Sperimentale ; ItaliaFil: Donda, Federica. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografa e di Geofsica Sperimentale ; ItaliaFil: Lozano, Jorge Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Baradello, Luca. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografa e di Geofsica Sperimentale ; ItaliaFil: Romeo, Roberto. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografa e di Geofsica Sperimentale; ItaliaFil: Bran, Donaldo Mauricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Tassone, Alejandro Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentin