Care of Nursery Stock in Retail Outlets

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Global Projections of Household Numbers Using Age Determined Ratios

A new method based upon age determined population ratios is described and used to estimate household population intensities (households per person). Using an additive and a bounded model household projections are given to 2050 for the world and to 2030 for seven fertility transition subgroups (cohorts) of the countries of the world. Based upon United Nations 2002 Revision data, from an estimated 1.56 billion households at 2000, household growth to 2030 is projected to be an additional 1.1 billion households, whether population increase is 1.3 billion persons under the United Nations low fertility variant or 2.7 billion persons under the high fertility variant. At that date over one third of all households are projected to be Chinese or Indian. By 2050 it is projected that there will be 3.3 billion households with a 95 per cent confidence interval on modelling error only of ± 0.5 billion. This compares with 3.2 billion in the Habitat: Global Report on Human Settlements 1996. The apparent similarity of total household growth under various scenarios conceals a wide range in the growth of household intensities across fertility transition cohorts. It is suggested that models, projections and error be reviewed biennially and that household and population projections be produced jointly.Household projections, world, age ratios, fertility

PRICES AND PRICING POLICIES FOR SMALL ANIMAL AND EQUINE VETERINARY SERVICES: A STUDY OF TEACHING HOSPITALS AND MICHIGAN PRIVATE PRACTICES DURING 2000

Prices are a key determinant of financial performance for virtually any business in either the public or private sector, and the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Michigan State University (MSU-VTH) offers no exception. To achieve consistent success, it is critical that a business understands the prevailing conditions in the marketplace when setting prices for its goods and services. Important issues to address include: 1. What are the prices of similar goods and services produced by other firms? 2. How important is price as a choice factor when customers select a source of these goods and services? 3. How do staff members view prices at the point-of-sale? 4. How are prices determined? These questions are especially crucial in small businesses such as those typical of the veterinary profession, where the decision-makers tend to be technical experts rather than trained business managers. Without this information, these decision-makers often have very little basis on which to develop a pricing policy.Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

The Ursinus Weekly, April 12, 1954

M. L. Williams\u27 royal decision is May Pageant • Tour completed by Meistersingers • Spring concert will be Music for you • French clubbers to enjoy Proust readings, games, eats • U.C. alumnus Rocky Davis graduates from N.O.C.S. • May 6, 7, 8 Curtain Club comedy, The Man who came to dinner • Group 4 to give comedy Friday for luck April 13 • Dr. K. Schoonover to speak Wed. on Islamic culture • Shepard talks on medical illustration • Wright, Holcombe, Burns, Welsh head U.C. spirit group • Matlaga, How, Frankenfield elected \u2755 Y M officers • Band to present twilight concert this May Day • Sorority activities center around Easter season • Juniors choose as prom theme Hasu Kisama • Jean Walker visits campus, speaks on Christian living • Chi Alpha elections to be held tomorrow night • MS-WSGA joint committee to plan potential honor system for U.C. • Former Ursinus College professor dies • Eternal schism • WSGA spoke at meeting • MSGA penalizes water battlers • A Don\u27s one word more • Collegeville-Trappe story: A brief history • 14 racketmen out to better \u2754 court log • Femme scribe views Spring a la sports • Jane Skinner \u2755 is swimming captain • Batsmen blast Albright 6 to 1; Ehlers fans 8 in mound debut • Siebmen lose to PMC 2-1; Edge Johns Hopkins 7-5 • Dawkins, Paolone co-captains; Padula cited most valuable • Sports scribe scans cinders, baseball bits • Miss Snell\u27s softballers hit Swarthmore April 28 • Intramurals begin today on diamonds • Ace Bailey announces names of 17 lettermen • Soph hop success • Letters to the editor • Debating team boasts a winning percentage • Irish scholarship qualifications told • May Day practice schedulehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1494/thumbnail.jp

Astrophysical Fluids of Novae: High Resolution Pre-decay X-ray spectrum of V4743 Sagittarii

Eight X-ray observations of V4743 Sgr (2002), observed with Chandra and XMM-Newton are presented. The nova turned off some time between days 301.9 and 371, and the X-ray flux subsequently decreased from day 301.9 to 526 following an exponential decline time scale of $(96 \pm 3)$ days. We use the absorption lines present in the SSS spectrum for diagnostic purposes, and characterize the physics and the dynamics of the expanding atmosphere during the explosion of the nova. The information extracted from this first stage is then used as input for computing full photoionization models of the ejecta in V4743 Sgr. The SSS spectrum is modeled with a simple black-body and multiplicative Gaussian lines, which provides us of a general kinematical picture of the system, before it decays to its faint phase (Ness et al. 2003). In the grating spectra taken between days 180.4 and 370, we can resolve the line profiles of absorption lines arising from H-like and He-like C, N, and O, including transitions involving higher principal quantum numbers. Except for a few interstellar lines, all lines are significantly blue-shifted, yielding velocities between 1000 and 6000 km/s which implies an ongoing mass loss. It is shown that significant expansion and mass loss occur during this phase of the explosion, at a rate $\dot{M} \approx (3-5) \times 10^{-4} ~ (\frac{L}{L_{38}}) ~ M_{\odot}/yr$. Our measurements show that the efficiency of the amount of energy used for the motion of the ejecta, defined as the ratio between the kinetic luminosity $L_{\rm kin}$ and the radiated luminosity $L_{\rm rad}$, is of the order of one.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures. Accepted in book: Recent Advances in Fluid Dynamics with Environmental Applications, pp.365-39

Emergence of influential spreaders in modified rumor models

The burst in the use of online social networks over the last decade has provided evidence that current rumor spreading models miss some fundamental ingredients in order to reproduce how information is disseminated. In particular, recent literature has revealed that these models fail to reproduce the fact that some nodes in a network have an influential role when it comes to spread a piece of information. In this work, we introduce two mechanisms with the aim of filling the gap between theoretical and experimental results. The first model introduces the assumption that spreaders are not always active whereas the second model considers the possibility that an ignorant is not interested in spreading the rumor. In both cases, results from numerical simulations show a higher adhesion to real data than classical rumor spreading models. Our results shed some light on the mechanisms underlying the spreading of information and ideas in large social systems and pave the way for more realistic diffusion models.Comment: 14 Pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Statistical Physic

Darkness visible: reflections on underground ecology

1 Soil science and ecology have developed independently, making it difficult for ecologists to contribute to urgent current debates on the destruction of the global soil resource and its key role in the global carbon cycle. Soils are believed to be exceptionally biodiverse parts of ecosystems, a view confirmed by recent data from the UK Soil Biodiversity Programme at Sourhope, Scotland, where high diversity was a characteristic of small organisms, but not of larger ones. Explaining this difference requires knowledge that we currently lack about the basic biology and biogeography of micro-organisms. 2 It seems inherently plausible that the high levels of biological diversity in soil play some part in determining the ability of soils to undertake ecosystem-level processes, such as carbon and mineral cycling. However, we lack conceptual models to address this issue, and debate about the role of biodiversity in ecosystem processes has centred around the concept of functional redundancy, and has consequently been largely semantic. More precise construction of our experimental questions is needed to advance understanding. 3 These issues are well illustrated by the fungi that form arbuscular mycorrhizas, the Glomeromycota. This ancient symbiosis of plants and fungi is responsible for phosphate uptake in most land plants, and the phylum is generally held to be species-poor and non-specific, with most members readily colonizing any plant species. Molecular techniques have shown both those assumptions to be unsafe, raising questions about what factors have promoted diversification in these fungi. One source of this genetic diversity may be functional diversity. 4 Specificity of the mycorrhizal interaction between plants and fungi would have important ecosystem consequences. One example would be in the control of invasiveness in introduced plant species: surprisingly, naturalized plant species in Britain are disproportionately from mycorrhizal families, suggesting that these fungi may play a role in assisting invasion. 5 What emerges from an attempt to relate biodiversity and ecosystem processes in soil is our extraordinary ignorance about the organisms involved. There are fundamental questions that are now answerable with new techniques and sufficient will, such as how biodiverse are natural soils? Do microbes have biogeography? Are there rare or even endangered microbes

A solvable model of a random spin-1/2 XY chain

The paper presents exact calculations of thermodynamic quantities for the spin-1/2 isotropic XY chain with random lorentzian intersite interaction and transverse field that depends linearly on the surrounding intersite interactions.Comment: 14 pages (Latex), 2 tables, 13 ps-figures included, (accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.B

A High-Resolution Human Contact Network for Infectious Disease Transmission

The most frequent infectious diseases in humans - and those with the highest potential for rapid pandemic spread - are usually transmitted via droplets during close proximity interactions (CPIs). Despite the importance of this transmission route, very little is known about the dynamic patterns of CPIs. Using wireless sensor network technology, we obtained high-resolution data of CPIs during a typical day at an American high school, permitting the reconstruction of the social network relevant for infectious disease transmission. At a 94% coverage, we collected 762,868 CPIs at a maximal distance of 3 meters among 788 individuals. The data revealed a high density network with typical small world properties and a relatively homogenous distribution of both interaction time and interaction partners among subjects. Computer simulations of the spread of an influenza-like disease on the weighted contact graph are in good agreement with absentee data during the most recent influenza season. Analysis of targeted immunization strategies suggested that contact network data are required to design strategies that are significantly more effective than random immunization. Immunization strategies based on contact network data were most effective at high vaccination coverage

Services just for men? Insights from a national study of the well men services pilots.

Men continue to have a lower life expectancy in most countries compared to women. Explanations of this gendered health inequality tend to focus on male risk taking, unhealthy lifestyle choices and resistance to seeking help from health services. In the period 2005-2008 the Scottish Government funded a nationwide community health promotion programme aimed at improving men's health, called Well Men Service Pilots (henceforth WMS)