Benign Lesions in Mucosa Adjacent to Intestinal-Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma

Occupational exposure to wood dust is a strong risk factor for the development of intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (ITAC); however, knowledge on possible precursor lesions or biomarkers is limited. Fifty-one samples of tumor-adjacent mucosa and 19 control samples of mucosa from the unaffected fossa of ITAC patients were evaluated for histological changes and p53 protein expression. Mild dysplasia was observed in 14%, cuboidal metaplasia in 57%, intestinal metaplasia in 8%, squamous metaplasia in 24%, and cylindrocellular hyperplasia in 53% of cases. P53 immunopositivity was generally weak occurring most frequently in squamous metaplasia. Wood dust etiology did not appear of influence on the histological changes, but p53 showed a tendency for higher positivity. Dysplasia adjacent to tumor was indicative of subsequent development of recurrence. In conclusion, precursor lesions do occur in mucosa adjacent to ITAC. This is clinically important, because it may justify the screening of high-risk individuals such as woodworkers

Effect of the topical administration of corticosteroids and tuberculin pre-sensitisation on the diagnosis of tuberculosis in goats

Background: Caprine tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonosis caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Caprine TB control and eradication programmes have traditionally been based on intradermal tuberculin tests and slaughterhouse surveillance. However, this strategy has limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Different factors may affect the performance of the TB diagnostic tests used in goats and, subsequently, the detection of TB-infected animals. In the present study, the effect of two of the factors that may affect the performance of the techniques used to diagnose TB in goats, the topical administration of corticosteroids and a recent pre-sensitisation with tuberculin, was analysed. Methods: The animals (n = 151) were distributed into three groups: (1) a group topically treated with corticosteroids 48 h after intradermal tuberculin tests (n = 53); (2) a group pre-sensitised with bovine and avian purified protein derivatives (PPDs) 3 days before the intradermal tuberculin test used for TB diagnosis (n = 48); and (3) a control group (n = 50). All the animals were tested using single and comparative intradermal tuberculin (SIT and CIT, respectively) tests, an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and a P22 ELISA. Results: The number of SIT test reactors was significantly lower in the group treated with corticosteroids when compared to the pre-sensitised (p 0.05). No significant effect was observed on IGRA and P22 ELISA due to corticosteroids administration. Nevertheless, a previous PPD injection affected the IGRA performance in some groups. Conclusions: The application of topical corticosteroid 24 h before reading the SIT and CIT tests can reduce the increase in skin fold thickness and subsequently significantly decrease the number of positive reactors. Corticosteroids used can be detected in hair samples. A previous pre-sensitisation with bovine and avian PPDs does not lead to a significant reduction in the number of intradermal tests reactors. These results are valuable in order to improve diagnosis of caprine TB and detect fraudulent activities in the context of eradication programs.This study was funded by the “Analysis of the long-term caprine tuberculosis eradication process and development of diagnostic tests and control measures for its improvement (GoaTBfree-UCM)” Project (PID2019-105155RB-C31, Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food of Spain. JO was supported by an FPU contract-fellowship (Formación de Profesorado Universitario) from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (FPU18/05197).S

Estudio de la eficacia de la aplicación de hidrofugantes para impedir la entrada de agua de lluvia en muros de ladrillo de tejar por albardillas y remates

In the historic buildings built with face brick tile it is very common to have copings and cornices of soldier or header course, made with the same brick as the facade and these bricks are usually more deteriorated than the rest of the facade. The cause of the deterioration is the action of the water combined with dirt, vegetation, and other moisture-related causes. One of the possible systems to conserve and protect these elements is by projecting a water repellent. This article will present the results of tests conducted on laboratory specimens formed by low brick walls with and without the application of a waterproofing treatment, finished off at the top part by a sloping course also of brick.En los edificios históricos construidos con ladrillos de tejar es muy frecuente que los muros y las cornisas estén rematados con el mismo ladrillo, sentado a soga o a tizón, con el que está ejecutada la fachada y que estos ladrillos estén más deteriorados que el resto. La causa del deterioro es la acción del agua combinada con la suciedad, la vegetación y otras lesiones relacionadas con la humedad. Uno de los posibles sistemas para conservar y proteger estos elementos es proyectar un hidrofugante. En este artículo se van a exponer los resultados de los ensayos realizados en laboratorio a probetas formadas por muretes de ladrillos, rematados en la parte superior por una albardilla formada por una hilada inclinada, también de ladrillo, con la aplicación de un tratamiento hidrofugante o sin él

La Cuevona de Avín (Avín, Asturias, North Spain): A new Late Pleistocene site in the lower valley of the River Güeña

The archaeological investigations carried out in the last twenty years in the Lower Valley of the River Güeña (Asturias, central part of northern Spain) have documented different prehistoric sites, particularly with Middle and Upper Palaeolithic occupations. This paper presents the first results of the archaeological excavation carried out in the cave of La Cuevona de Avín. From the systematic study of the biotic and abiotic remains, a total of three occupation phases (Phases 1 to 3) have been determined, dated in the Late Pleistocene. The lithic studies indicate the use of local raw materials (mainly quartzite), but also regional ones (different types of flint) in the whole sequence. Retouched implements are typologically representative only during the Upper Magdalenian (Phase II) and use-wear analysis indicates the manufacture and use of artefacts in situ during this phase. Archaeozoological studies reveal continuity in subsistence strategies throughout the sequence, noting specialization in red deer hunting during the Azilian (Phase I), and more diversified prey in the older phases of the sequence. © 2022 The Author(s

Informe especial. Minería, conflictos agrarios y ambientales en el sur de La Guajira

Este Informe Especial presenta una descripción de la manera en que se estableció la industria minera en esta región de Colombia y de algunos conflictos agrarios y ambientales generados a partir de la misma. El documento sintetiza el trabajo de investigación que el CINEP/PPP ha desarrollado durante los últimos cuatro años en esta región. En este se identifican las dinámicas que han favorecido a las empresas mineras y a la agenda extractiva por encima de los intereses y necesidades de las comunidades que habitan dicho territorio. El informe busca presentar, a grandes rasgos, la problemática en la región, desde una perspectiva integral, para posteriormente plantear una serie de recomendaciones con el fin de enfrentar las afectaciones causadas a los habitantes de la zona y, si es posible, reparar los daños sobre el territorio, ello a pesar de reconocer que algunos de estos pueden ser irreversibles. Dentro de estos problemas se describen los procesos de adjudicación de baldíos durante la década de los 80 y el papel que estos juegan en la configuración de los conflictos agrarios. Además, se describen las irregularidades en cuanto a los estándares de medición de contaminación en aire, en agua y en general, y el contexto de vulneración de derechos que ha acompañado a la extracción minera en el sur de La Guajira.Resumen ejecutivo Al Gobierno nacional A la comunidad internacional A los Gobiernos locales A la empresa privada A la sociedad civil Introducción Sur de La Guajira: proyecto minero Cerrejón Extracción de carbón Poblaciones en el sur de La Guajira Los conflictos agrarios en el sur de La Guajira Concentración irregular de la tierra: adjudicaciones de baldíos para el carbón Compraventas de predios con antecedentes de baldíos Desalojos Demandas territoriales de las organizaciones campesinas, indígenas y afroguajiras Procesos de reasentamiento involuntario Los conflictos ambientales en el sur de La Guajira Contaminación del agua Análisis de aguas superficiales Inadecuado manejo de aguas de escorrentía y vertimientos de lagunas de oxidación Aguas subterráneas Pérdida del recurso hídrico Abastecimiento de agua Calidad del air

Endothelial dysfunction is an early indicator of sepsis and neutrophil degranulation of septic shock in surgical patients

Producción CientíficaBackground: Stratification of the severity of infection is currently based on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, which is difficult to calculate outside the ICU. Biomarkers could help to stratify the severity of infection in surgical patients. Methods: Levels of ten biomarkers indicating endothelial dysfunction, 22 indicating emergency granulopoiesis, and six denoting neutrophil degranulation were compared in three groups of patients in the first 12 h after diagnosis at three Spanish hospitals. Results: There were 100 patients with infection, 95 with sepsis and 57 with septic shock. Seven biomarkers indicating endothelial dysfunction (mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-ProADM), syndecan 1, thrombomodulin, angiopoietin 2, endothelial cell-specific molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and E-selectin) had stronger associations with sepsis than infection alone. MR-ProADM had the highest odds ratio (OR) in multivariable analysis (OR 11·53, 95 per cent c.i. 4·15 to 32·08; P = 0·006) and the best area under the curve (AUC) for detecting sepsis (0·86, 95 per cent c.i. 0·80 to 0·91; P < 0·001). In a comparison of sepsis with septic shock, two biomarkers of neutrophil degranulation, proteinase 3 (OR 8·09, 1·34 to 48·91; P = 0·028) and lipocalin 2 (OR 6·62, 2·47 to 17·77; P = 0·002), had the strongest association with septic shock, but lipocalin 2 exhibited the highest AUC (0·81, 0·73 to 0·90; P < 0·001). Conclusion: MR-ProADM and lipocalin 2 could be alternatives to the SOFA score in the detection of sepsis and septic shock respectively in surgical patients with infection.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants PI15/01959, PI15/01451 and PI16/01156

Cranial and extracranial giant cell arteritis do not exhibit differences in the IL6 -174 G/C gene polymorphism

Since interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pivotal proinflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis (GCA), we aimed to determine the potential association of the functional IL6 -174 G/C polymorphism with GCA as well as if the single base change variation at the promoter region in the human IL-6 gene may account for differences in the clinical spectrum of GCA between cranial and extracranial large vessel vasculitis (LVV)-GCA