Characterization of the complete plastome of Ophrys aveyronensis , a Euro-Mediterranean orchid with an intriguing disjunct geographic distribution

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The m 6 A pathway protects the transcriptome integrity by restricting RNA chimera formation in plants

International audienceGlobal, segmental, and gene duplication-related processes are driving genome size and complexity in plants. Despite their evolutionary potentials, those processes can also have adverse effects on genome regulation, thus implying the existence of specialized corrective mechanisms. Here, we report that an N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A)-assisted polyadenylation (m-ASP) pathway ensures tran-scriptome integrity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Efficient m-ASP pathway activity requires the m 6 A methyltransferase-associated factor FIP37 and CPSF30L, an m 6 A reader corresponding to an YT512-B Homology Domain-containing protein (YTHDC)-type domain containing isoform of the 30-kD subunit of cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor. Targets of the m-ASP pathway are enriched in recently rearranged gene pairs, displayed an atypical chromatin signature, and showed transcriptional readthrough and mRNA chimera formation in FIP37-and CPSF30L-deficient plants. Furthermore, we showed that the m-ASP pathway can also restrict the formation of chimeric gene/transposable-element transcript, suggesting a possible implication of this pathway in the control of transposable elements at specific locus. Taken together, our results point to selective recognition of 39-UTR m 6 A as a safeguard mechanism ensuring transcriptome integrity at rearranged genomic loci in plants

Very Active Neutral P,O-Chelated Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization

ABSTRACT: A series of highly active nickel-based neutral catalysts for ethylene polymerization is presented. These catalysts are obtained by direct complexation of simple fluorinated ketoylides onto bis-(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel. Catalyst formation readily occurs in the presence of an olefin, but due to the electron deficiency of the ligand, it hardly happens in the absence of an olefin or another Lewis base. Activities greater than 2 × 10 6 (gPE/gNi)/h and productivities higher than 15 × 10 6 gPE/molNi are typically observed. These catalysts are also active for the polymerization of R-olefins such as 1-hexene and 1-propene. Polymer characterization indicates that highly linear, low molecular weight PEHD is formed by these complexes

Scalable bacterial production of moldable and recyclable biomineralized cellulose with tunable mechanical properties

Sustainable structural materials with excellent impact-resistance properties are urgently needed but challenging to produce, especially in a scalable fashion and with control over 3D shape. Here, we show that bacterial cellulose (BC) and bacterially precipitated calcium carbonate self-assemble into a layered structure reminiscent of tough biomineralized materials in nature (nacre, bone, dentin). The fabrication method consists of biomineralizing BC to form an organic/inorganic mixed slurry, in which calcium carbonate crystal size is controlled with bacterial poly(γ-glutamic acid) and magnesium ions. This slurry self-assembles into a layered material that combines high toughness and high impact and fire resistance. The rapid fabrication is readily scalable, without involving toxic chemicals. Notably, the biomineralized BC can be repeatedly recycled and molded into any desired 3D shape and size using a simple kitchen blender and sieve. This fully biodegradable composite is well suited for use as a component in daily life, including furniture, helmets, and protective garments.The authors thank Ward Groutars and Elvin Karana for useful discussions. K.Y. is supported financially by the China Scholarship Council (CSC no.201706630001). S.B. is funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (grant no. FA2386-18-1-4059)

La protection patrimoniale du couple face aux procédures civiles d'exécution

Les procédures civiles d’exécution ont été élaborées pour être menées à l’encontre d’un débiteur célibataire, dont le patrimoine est aisément identifiable, sans interaction sociale et surtout sans vie de couple.Or, le couple n’a pas de personnalité juridique, il n’a pas de patrimoine, il est composé du patrimoine de chacun de ses membres dont les interactions sont inéluctables. Ainsi, il devrait irradier les procédures civiles d’exécution. Or, il n’en est rien, la prise en compte du couple est partielle lorsque la procédure a pour objet un bien immeuble, elle est inexistante lorsqu’elle a pour objet un bien meuble.La présente thèse a pour objet d’harmoniser les protections patrimoniales du couple et la mise en œuvre des procédures civiles d’exécution. En élaborant un régime propre du débiteur en couple conciliant volonté d’indépendance et d’autonomie inhérent au droit des régimes conjugaux et besoin de célérité et d’efficacité propre aux procédures civiles d’exécution.The civil enforcement procedures were designed to be conducted against a single debtor, whose patrimony is easily identifiable, without social interaction and especially without a life of a couple.However, the couple does not have the legal personality, it does not have a patrimony, it is composed of the patrimony of each of the members whose interactions are inevitable. Thus, it should irradiate civil enforcement procedures. However, it is not the case, the consideration of the couple is partial when the procedure relates to a real estate. It is non-existent when it relate to movable property.The purpose of this thesis is to harmonize the patrimonial protections of the couple and the implementation of civil enforcement procedures. By developing a regime of the debtor in a couple that combines the desire for independence and autonomy inherent in the law of conjugal regimes and the need for speed and efficiency specific to civil enforcement procedures