Expérimentation d’une démarche et d’instruments de reconnaissance des acquis expérientiels en enseignement collégial au Québec

Cet article présente une innovation qui consiste à implanter un dispositif de reconnaissance des acquis expérientiels permettant l’octroi de crédits dans le cadre d’un programme de Maîtrise en enseignement au collégial. L’innovation, réalisée selon une méthodologie de recherche de développement, a permis la conception et la mise à l’essai 1) d’un dispositif de formation et d’accompagnement pour la rédaction d’un portfolio exigé lors d’une demande de reconnaissance des acquis expérientiels et 2) d’un processus et d’instruments de validation des acquis expérientiels en enseignement collégial. L’article présente les deux volets : le contexte, les objectifs, les expérimentations et les résultats obtenus (matériel produit et évaluation des participants).This article presents an innovation regarding the introduction of an experiential knowledge recognition mechanism (RA) granting credits in a master’s degree program in college education. This innovation, applied within a research development approach, has two parts : 1) conception and experimentation of a method for training and assisting teachers in writing a portfolio supporting an experiential knowledge request and 2) conception and experimentation of a process and of tools for the recognition of experiential knowledge in college education. This article introduces the two parts : context, goals, experimentation and achieved results (material produced and participant evaluation).Este artículo presenta una innovación que consiste en implementar un dispositivo de homologación de las competencias experienciales con el fin de otorgar créditos en el marco de un programa de Maestría en enseñanza a nivel colegial. La innovación, realizada según una metodología de investigación de desarrollo, ha permitido concebir y poner a prueba 1) un dispositivo de formación y de acompañamiento para la redacción de un portafolio exigido al realizar una solicitud de homologación de competencias experienciales y 2) un proceso e instrumentos de validación de las competencias experienciales en enseñanza colegial. El artículo presenta cada uno de los dos aspectos : el contexto, los objetivos, las experimentaciones y los resultados conseguidos (material producido y evaluación de los participantes)

Implication des partenaires dans la campagne québécoise de promotion de la santé « Défi Santé 5/30 »

Cette étude porte sur la gestion des partenariats en promotion de la santé et s’inscrit dans une étude de cas du « Défi Santé 5/30 ». Cette campagne québécoise multimédia promouvant de saines habitudes d’alimentation, d’activité physique et de maintien/modification du poids, de douze semaines, s’est déroulée en 2005. Le but de notre article est de : 1) décrire les acteurs de la campagne et leur implication  ; 2) relever l’interaction entre ces acteurs pendant le déroulement du « Défi Santé 5/30 »  ; 3) proposer un paradigme permettant d’identifier les facteurs influençant les relations partenariales. Différents types d’acteurs sont intervenus durant la campagne : un organisme instigateur (gouvernement du Québec), un organisme responsable (ACTI-MENU), un partenaire médiatique principal (Quebecor inc.) et des partenaires financiers, de caution et de relais-terrain (de missions diverses mais reliées à la santé). Les interactions entre organismes et partenaires ont davantage évolué sous le signe de la coopération que de la collaboration ou de la coalescence. Divers facteurs ont influencé les interactions entre les acteurs impliqués dans l’organisation de cette campagne (culturel, éthique, organisationnel/contractuel et de gestion).Our study focuses on the management of partnerships in a heath promotion context and is a part of a case study of the “Défi Santé 5/30”. This 12-week multimedia campaign held in Quebec in 2005 aimed at promoting healthy nutrition, physical activity and weight loss/control habits. The goal of our article is : 1) to describe the actors of the campaign and their involvement ; 2) to depict the interactions amongst these actors as the “Défi Santé 5/30” unfolded ; 3) to present a paradigm allowing the identification of the factors acting on partnership relations. Different types of actors played a role in the campaign : an organization who instigated the campaign (government of Quebec), an organization responsible of the campaign (ACTI-MENU), a main media partner (Quebecor inc.), and financial, moral support and ground-based/relay partners (all health-related but with diverse missions). Interactions between organizations and partners went on in a cooperative more than a collaborative or coalescent way. Diverse factors influenced the interactions amongst the actors involved when the campaign was developed (culture, ethics, organization/contract, and management)

Creating a National Specimen Referral System in Guinea: Lessons From Initial Development and Implementation

In the wake of the 2014–2016, West Africa Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak, the Government of Guinea recognized an opportunity to strengthen its national laboratory system, incorporating capacity and investments developed during the response. The Ministry of Health (MOH) identified creation of a holistic, safe, secure, and timely national specimen referral system as a priority for improved detection and confirmation of priority diseases, in line with national Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response guidelines. The project consisted of two parts, each led by different implementing partners working collaboratively together and with the Ministry of Health: the development and approval of a national specimen referral policy, and pilot implementation of a specimen referral system, modeled on the policy, in three prefectures. This paper describes the successful execution of the project, highlighting the opportunities and challenges of building sustainable health systems capacity during and after public health emergencies, and provides lessons learned for strengthening national capabilities for surveillance and disease diagnosis

Mg2+-dependent conformational equilibria in CorA and an integrated view on transport regulation

The CorA family of proteins regulates the homeostasis of divalent metal ions in many bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic mitochondria, making it an important target in the investigation of the mechanisms of transport and its functional regulation. Although numerous structures of open and closed channels are now available for the CorA family, the mechanism of the transport regulation remains elusive. Here, we investigated the conformational distribution and associated dynamic behaviour of the pentameric Mg2+ channel CorA at room temperature using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). We find that neither the Mg2+-bound closed structure nor the Mg2+-free open forms are sufficient to explain the average conformation of CorA. Our data support the presence of conformational equilibria between multiple states, and we further find a variation in the behaviour of the backbone dynamics with and without Mg2+. We propose that CorA must be in a dynamic equilibrium between different non-conducting states, both symmetric and asymmetric, regardless of bound Mg2+ but that conducting states become more populated in Mg2+-free conditions. These properties are regulated by backbone dynamics and are key to understanding the functional regulation of CorA.Peer reviewe

Serum Neurotrophin Profile in Systemic Sclerosis

International audienceBACKGROUND: Neurotrophins (NTs) are able to activate lymphocytes and fibroblasts; they can modulate angiogenesis and sympathic vascular function. Thus, they can be implicated in the three pathogenic processes of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aims of this study are to determine blood levels of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in SSc and to correlate them with clinical and biological data.METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from 55 SSc patients and 32 control subjects to measure NTs levels by ELISA and to determine their relationships with SSc profiles. FINDINGS: Serum NGF levels were higher in SSc patients (288.26 ± 170.34 pg/mL) than in control subjects (170.34 ± 50.8 pg/mL, p<0.001) and correlated with gammaglobulins levels and the presence of both anti-cardiolipin and anti-Scl-70 antibodies (p<0.05). In contrast, BDNF levels were lower in SSc patients than in controls (1121.9 ± 158.1 vs 1372.9 ± 190.9 pg/mL, p<0.0001), especially in pulmonary arterial hypertension and diffuse SSc as compared to limited forms (all p<0.05). NT-3 levels were similar in SSc and in the control group (2657.2 ± 2296 vs 2959.3 ± 2555 pg/mL, NS). BDNF levels correlated negatively with increased NGF levels in the SSc group (and not in controls). CONCLUSION: Low BDNF serum levels were not previously documented in SSc, particularly in the diffuse SSc subset and in patients with pulmonary hypertension or anti-Scl-70 antibodies. The negative correlation between NGF and BDNF levels observed in SSc and not in healthy controls could be implicated in sympathic vascular dysfunction in SSc

Lessons learned for surveillance system strengthening through capacity building and partnership engagement in post-Ebola Guinea, 2015–2019

The 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak in Guinea revealed systematic weaknesses in the existing disease surveillance system, which contributed to delayed detection, underreporting of cases, widespread transmission in Guinea and cross-border transmission to neighboring Sierra Leone and Liberia, leading to the largest Ebola epidemic ever recorded. Efforts to understand the epidemic's scale and distribution were hindered by problems with data completeness, accuracy, and reliability. In 2017, recognizing the importance and usefulness of surveillance data in making evidence-based decisions for the control of epidemic-prone diseases, the Guinean Ministry of Health (MoH) included surveillance strengthening as a priority activity in their post-Ebola transition plan and requested the support of partners to attain its objectives. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) and four of its implementing partners—International Medical Corps, the International Organization for Migration, RTI International, and the World Health Organization—worked in collaboration with the Government of Guinea to strengthen the country's surveillance capacity, in alignment with the Global Health Security Agenda and International Health Regulations 2005 objectives for surveillance and reporting. This paper describes the main surveillance activities supported by US CDC and its partners between 2015 and 2019 and provides information on the strategies used and the impact of activities. It also discusses lessons learned for building sustainable capacity and infrastructure for disease surveillance and reporting in similar resource-limited settings

HIV and women in Hawaii: risk and protective factors in HIV/AIDS prevention.

Using semi-structured interviews with adults living with or at-risk for HIV and interviews and focus groups with key informants, the present study examined risk for HIV transmission among women living in Hawaii. Key research findings suggest that women in Hawaii are at risk for HIV infection primarily through sexual contact with their male sex partners, including bisexual and injection drug using (IDU) men. A significant factor in women's HIV risk is sex and gender role dynamics in the context of their relationships with men. Recommendations support primary prevention services for HIV-positive men who have sex with men and women, and IDU men who also have sex or share needles with women. Collaborative efforts between health care professionals and HIV/AIDS agencies to integrate gender-specific and culturally appropriate HIV prevention interventions are recommended

Implication des partenaires dans la campagne québécoise de promotion de la santé « Défi Santé 5/30 »

Cette étude porte sur la gestion des partenariats en promotion de la santé et s’inscrit dans une étude de cas du « Défi Santé 5/30 ». Cette campagne québécoise multimédia promouvant de saines habitudes d’alimentation, d’activité physique et de maintien/modification du poids, de douze semaines, s’est déroulée en 2005. Le but de notre article est de : 1) décrire les acteurs de la campagne et leur implication  ; 2) relever l’interaction entre ces acteurs pendant le déroulement du « Défi Santé 5/30 »  ; 3) proposer un paradigme permettant d’identifier les facteurs influençant les relations partenariales. Différents types d’acteurs sont intervenus durant la campagne : un organisme instigateur (gouvernement du Québec), un organisme responsable (ACTI-MENU), un partenaire médiatique principal (Quebecor inc.) et des partenaires financiers, de caution et de relais-terrain (de missions diverses mais reliées à la santé). Les interactions entre organismes et partenaires ont davantage évolué sous le signe de la coopération que de la collaboration ou de la coalescence. Divers facteurs ont influencé les interactions entre les acteurs impliqués dans l’organisation de cette campagne (culturel, éthique, organisationnel/contractuel et de gestion).Our study focuses on the management of partnerships in a heath promotion context and is a part of a case study of the “Défi Santé 5/30”. This 12-week multimedia campaign held in Quebec in 2005 aimed at promoting healthy nutrition, physical activity and weight loss/control habits. The goal of our article is : 1) to describe the actors of the campaign and their involvement ; 2) to depict the interactions amongst these actors as the “Défi Santé 5/30” unfolded ; 3) to present a paradigm allowing the identification of the factors acting on partnership relations. Different types of actors played a role in the campaign : an organization who instigated the campaign (government of Quebec), an organization responsible of the campaign (ACTI-MENU), a main media partner (Quebecor inc.), and financial, moral support and ground-based/relay partners (all health-related but with diverse missions). Interactions between organizations and partners went on in a cooperative more than a collaborative or coalescent way. Diverse factors influenced the interactions amongst the actors involved when the campaign was developed (culture, ethics, organization/contract, and management)