Mucormicose aguda por Rhizopus isolado de fragmento de tecido pulmonar de paciente imunocomprometido: relato de caso / Acute Mucormycosis due to Rhizopus isolated in patient´s lung tissue fragments: case report

O gênero Rhizopus é responsável por várias infecções, dentre elas a pulmonar, a qual acomete até 11% dos casos. O objetivo desse estudo é relatar o isolamento do gênero Rhizopus sp. de fragmento de tecido pulmonar de um paciente com cetoacidose diabética. Paciente do gênero masculino, 22 anos, queixou-se de dispneia, dor intensa no hemitórax esquerdo e dorso. Foram solicitados: teste rápido para HIV, duas pesquisas para baciloscopia, exame de radiologia do tórax e uma cultura micológica de fragmento de tecido pulmonar. No exame micológico direto, foram observadas várias hifas hialinas largas de paredes finas e cenocíticas, estolões e rizoides, e, em cultura, houve o desenvolvimento de colônia de crescimento rápido em temperatura ambiente, de coloração inicialmente branca. A micromorfologia da cultura revelou a presença de esporangióforos com esporângios contendo esporangiosporos, o que confirma diagnóstico de mucormicose por Rhizopus sp. O paciente foi a óbito devido ao agravamento do quadro clínico. Palavras-Chave: Mucormicose; Cetoacidose; Rhizopus; Pneumopatias ABSTRACT The Rhyzopus genus is responsible for various infections, including the lung infection, which affects up to 11% of the cases. The aim of this study is to report the isolation of genus Rhyzopus sp. of lung tissue fragment of a patient having diabetic ketoacidosis. Male patient, 22 years of age, complaining of dyspnea, severe pain in the left hemithorax and back. It was requested: a quick test for HIV, two surveys to smear, radiological examination of the chest and a mycological culture of lung tissue fragments. The direct mycological examination revealed several large hyaline hyphae with thin walls and cenocytic walls, stolons and rhizoids. The culture exam has shown the developing of a fast-growing colony at room temperature, initially white. The micromorphology of the culture has shown the presence of sporangiophores with sporangia containing sporangiospores confirming the diagnosis of mucormycosis by Rhyzopus sp. The patient died due to the worsening of clinical condition. Keywords: Mucormycosis; Ketoacidosis; Rhyzopus; Acute lung injur

Fungal endophyte diversity in the leaves of the medicinal plant Myracrodruon urundeuva in a Brazilian dry tropical forest and their capacity to produce L-asparaginase

ABSTRACT We studied the fungal endophyte community of the leaves of Myracrodruon urundeuva in Brazil along with their potential to produce L-asparaginase. In total, 187 endophytes were isolated. The colonization rate of leaf fragments from caatinga (10.41 %) was lower than those from brejo de altitude (39.58 %). Sequences of ITS rDNA from all endophytes revealed relationships with Ascomycota (Botryosphaeriales, Chaetothyriales, Diaporthales, Eurotiales, Glomerellales, Hypocreales, and Pleosporales) and Basidiomycota (Polyporales). The most frequent endophytes were members of the genus Diaporthe. Talaromyces was an indicator genus for caatinga while Phyllosticta, Diaporthe, and Colletotrichum were for brejo de altitude. The composition of endophytic fungi in caatinga and brejo de altitude differed significantly, its richness and diversity (H' = 3.41) being significantly higher in brejo de altitude. Diaporthe sp. URM 7793 was the best producer of L-asparaginase (2.41 U/g), followed by Diaporthe sp. URM 7779 (2.00 U/g), Talaromyces sp. URM 7785 (1.91 U/g), and Diaporthe sp. URM 7792 (1.47 U/g). The composition of endophytic fungi assemblages is strongly influenced by the type of ecosystem. In its natural habitat, M. urundeuva harbors an important diversity of endophytes, which could be used to produce L-asparaginase

Mycological Diversity Description I

Here, Quambalaria fabacearum and Neopestalotiopsis brasiliensis are introduced as new species from Brazil, isolated as endophyte from Mimosa tenuiflora and causing post-harvest rot disease on fruits of Psidium guajava, respectively. Diaporthe inconspicua is emended to include a more detailed morphological description. Neopestalotiopsis egyptiaca is reported as new to the Americas and as causing post-harvest rot disease on fruits of Psidium guajava, while Umbelopsis isabellina is reported as endophyte

Mycological diversity description II

Here, Diaporthe myracrodruonis is introduced as new species from Brazil, isolated as endophyte from Myracrodruon urundeuva. Asterina mandaquiensis is epitypified and ilustrated for the first time. Serpula similis is reported as new to the Neotropics, while Perenniporia centrali-africana is reported for the first time as endophyte and Preussia africana as endophyte from Spondias tuberosa in Caatinga in Brazil

Mycological Diversity Description II

ABSTRACT Here, Diaporthe myracrodruonis is introduced as new species from Brazil, isolated as endophyte from Myracrodruon urundeuva. Asterina mandaquiensis is epitypified and ilustrated for the first time. Serpula similis is reported as new to the Neotropics, while Perenniporia centrali-africana is reported for the first time as endophyte and Preussia africana as endophyte from Spondias tuberosa in Caatinga in Brazil