Effect of varied wireless standards and properties towards wireless network bandwidth

IEEE 802.11 provides multiple wireless networking (WLAN) standardswith each new standard attempting to improve overall performance whilst remainingbackward compatible to older ones. The current practise of setting up WLANs is touse non-overlapping channels and high signal strengths to provide optimumperformance for stations in the network. In this paper, we try to show that the commonpractises may not be enough to ensure the best performance in a WLAN and stationsthemselves may be responsible for affecting network performance. Preliminary resultsare obtained are based on experiments executed in a simple test model using the802.11g standard

Automatic web services deployment

Abstrac

Postbiotic metabolites produced by Lactobacillus plantarum strains exert selective cytotoxicity effects on cancer cells

Background: Lactobacillus plantarum, a major species of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), are capable of producing postbiotic metabolites (PM) with prominent probiotic effects that have been documented extensively for rats, poultry and pigs. Despite the emerging evidence of anticancer properties of LAB, very limited information is available on cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of PM produced by L. plantarum. Therefore, the cytotoxicity of PM produced by six strains of L. plantarum on various cancer and normal cells are yet to be evaluated. Methods: Postbiotic metabolites (PM) produced by six strains of L. plantarum were determined for their antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on normal human primary cells, breast, colorectal, cervical, liver and leukemia cancer cell lines via MTT assay, trypan blue exclusion method and BrdU assay. The toxicity of PM was determined for human and various animal red blood cells via haemolytic assay. The cytotoxicity mode was subsequently determined for selected UL4 PM on MCF-7 cells due to its pronounced cytotoxic effect by fluorescent microscopic observation using AO/PI dye reagents and flow cytometric analyses. Results: UL4 PM exhibited the lowest IC50 value on MCF-7, RG14 PM on HT29 and RG11 and RI11 PM on HL60 cell lines, respectively from MTT assay. Moreover, all tested PM did not cause haemolysis of human, dog, rabbit and chicken red blood cells and demonstrated no cytotoxicity on normal breast MCF-10A cells and primary cultured cells including human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, mice splenocytes and thymocytes. Antiproliferation of MCF-7 and HT-29 cells was potently induced by UL4 and RG 14 PM respectively after 72 h of incubation at the concentration of 30% (v/v). Fluorescent microscopic observation and flow cytometric analyses showed that the pronounced cytotoxic effect of UL4 PM on MCF-7 cells was mediated through apoptosis. Conclusion: In conclusion, PM produced by the six strains of L. plantarum exhibited selective cytotoxic via antiproliferative effect and induction of apoptosis against malignant cancer cells in a strain-specific and cancer cell type-specific manner whilst sparing the normal cells. This reveals the vast potentials of PM from L. plantarum as functional supplement and as an adjunctive treatment for cancer

Perception of youth towards causes, characteristics and ways to overcome premarital sex

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of youth towards causes, characteristics and ways to overcome premarital sex among the youths of college and university in Johor Bahru area. One hundred and forty students from Southern University College completed the Causes and characteristics of premarital sex among youths questionnaire (CCPSAY). This study focuses on the causes of premarital sex and the ways to reduce or overcome this behaviour in teenager. The findings were analysed using the SPSS Version 16.0 (Statistical for the Social Sciences). This study showed 21.6% youth have premarital sex before. Most of youth percept that youth involve in premarital sex is because they feel exited and enjoy in it. Most of boy invite girl to have premarital sex. The best way to overcome the phenomenon of premarital sex in youth is the entire religious unit in Malaysia should deliver the messages of sex education and awareness of the risks and dangers of HIV/AIDS to teenager